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951.
X. X. Han X. M. Jiang Z. G. Cui J. W. Yan J. G. Liu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2011,104(2):771-779
For obtaining high shale oil yield as well as treating shale char efficiently and in an environmentally friendly way in a
new comprehensive utilization system of oil shale, a series of fundamental experiments have been conducted for exploring the
effects of retorting factors on shale oil yield and shale char characteristics. Based on these previous studies, in this article,
combustion experiments of shale chars obtained under various retorting conditions were performed with a Q5000IR thermogravimetric
analyzer and a Leitz II-A heatable stage microscope and the effects of retorting factors were discussed on the combustion
characteristics of shale char. Among four studied retorting parameters, retorting temperature and residence time exert very
significant influence on the combustion characteristics of shale char. Either elevating the retorting temperature from 430
to 520 °C or lengthening the residence time at a low retorting temperature will largely decrease residual organic matters
within shale char, resulting in decreasing mass loss in the low-temperature stage of combustion process of shale char, an
elevation of ignition temperature and a shift of ignition mechanism from homogeneous to heterogeneous. One set of retorting
condition was also recommended as a reference for designing the comprehensive utilization system of oil shale studied in this
work: retort temperature of 460–490 °C, residence time of 20–40 min, particle size of <3 mm, and low heating rate of <10 °C/min. 相似文献
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953.
In this paper, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens were studied by HPLC-photodiode array detection. Effects of several experimental parameters, such as concentration of extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to material, microwave power, extraction temperature, and extraction time on the extraction efficiencies of oxymatrine were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions were 60% ethanol, a 20:1 (v/v) ratio of liquid to material and extraction for 10 min at 50 °C under 500 W microwave irradiation. Under the optimum conditions, the yield of oxymatrine was 14.37 mg/g. The crude extract obtained could be used as either a component of some complex traditional medicines or for further isolation and purification of bioactive compounds. The results, which indicated that MAE is a very useful tool for the extraction of important phytochemicals from plant materials, should prove helpful for the full utilization of Sophora flavescens. 相似文献
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957.
Herein we report a theoretical study on mechanistic photodissociation of glycolaldehyde, HOCH2CHO. Equilibrium structures, transition states, and intersection structures for the α‐C? C and ‐C? H bond fissions and the β‐C? O bond fission in the excited states are determined by the complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) method. Based on the CASSCF optimized structures, the potential energy profiles for the dissociations are refined by performing single‐point calculations using the multi‐state multi‐reference CASSCF second order perturbation (MS‐MR‐CASPT2) method. With a low excitation energy of 280–340 nm, the T1 α‐C? C and β‐C? O bond fissions following intersystem crossing from the S1 state are the predominant and comparable channels, whereas the α‐C? H bond fissions both in the S1 and in the T1 states are nearly prohibited due to the relevant high barriers. The rate constants for the T1 α‐C? C and β‐C? O bond fissions are also calculated by RRKM theory. Furthermore, the S0 reactions can occur as a consequence of intersystem crossing via T1/S0 intersection points resulting from the T1 C? C and C? O bond cleavages. This photodissociation mechanism is consistent with recent experimental studies. 相似文献
958.
Dr. Peng Huang Le Bao Dr. Dapeng Yang Dr. Guo Gao Dr. Jing Lin Dr. Zhiming Li Chunlei Zhang Prof. Daxiang Cui 《化学:亚洲杂志》2011,6(5):1156-1162
Bovine serum albumin (BSA)‐conjugated MxSey (M=Ag, Cd, Pb, Cu) nanomaterials with different shapes and sizes were synthesized in water at room temperature by a protein‐directed, solution‐phase, green synthetic method. The method features very low energy consumption and nontoxic reagents with high yields of concentrated nanoparticles. The obtained bioconjugated nanoparticles have good dispersibility, bioactivity, and biocompatibility. In addition, various functional groups of protein on the surface of the nanocrystals are suitable for further biological interactions or couplings, which is very important for further biological applications. 相似文献
959.
Xin XL Deng S Zhang BJ Huang SS Tian Y Ma XC An L Shu XH Yao JH Cui X 《Natural product communications》2011,6(6):781-784
Biotransformation of deoxyandrographolide (1) by Alternaria alternata AS 3.4578 gave five derivatives identified by spectral methods including 2D NMR as the known dehydroandrographolide (2) and 9beta-hydroxy-dehydroandrographolide (3) and the new compounds 9beta-hydroxy-deoxyandrographolide (4), 3alpha,17,19-trihydroxy-8,13-ent-labdadien-15,16-olide (5) and 3-oxo-9beta-hydroxy-deoxyandrographolide (6). 相似文献
960.
Christopher Brunskill Nildeep Patel Thibault P. Gouache Gregory P. Scott Chakravarthini M. Saaj Marcus Matthews Liang Cui 《Journal of Terramechanics》2011,48(6):419-438
The European Space Agency (ESA) ExoMars mission involves landing a rover on the surface of Mars on an exobiology mission to extend the search for life. The locomotion capabilities of the ExoMars rover will enable it to use its scientific instruments in a wide variety of locations. Before it is sent to Mars, this locomotion system must be tested and its performance limitations understood. To test the locomotion performance of the ExoMars rover, three martian regolith simulants were selected: a fine dust analogue, a fine Aeolian sand analogue, and a coarse sand analogue. To predict the performance of the ExoMars rover locomotion system in these three regolith simulants, it is necessary to measure some fundamental macroscopic properties of the materials: cohesion, friction angle, and various bearing capacity constants. This paper presents the tests conducted to determine these properties. During these tests, emphasis was placed on preparing the regolith simulants at different levels of density in order to evaluate its impact on the value of the parameters in particular. It was shown that compaction can influence the Bekker coefficients of pressure-sinkage. The shear properties are consistent with the critical state model at normal stresses similar to those of the ExoMars rover in all but one of the simulants, which showed behaviour more consistent with transitional soil behaviour. It is necessary to give due consideration to these variations to ensure a robust test regime is developed when testing the tractive ability of the ExoMars mobility system. 相似文献