水热法制备p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS及其光催化制氢性能

水热法制备了系列p-n复合半导体p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)和电化学工作站等对制得的光催化剂进行了结构和性能表征。研究了p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS复合光催化剂的可见光催化制氢性能及光腐蚀性能,并对光催化活性的提高、反应条件的影响及光腐蚀行为的抑制机理进行了分析。结果表明:由于CoFe_2O_4和CdS两种窄带隙半导体复合增加了光吸收率;CdS独特的树形结构以及CoFe_2O_4和CdS二者复合所产生的能带交迭和内建电场的三重作用,促进了电子从CoFe_2O_4向CdS的迁移,减少电子-空穴对复合的概率,增强了光催化活性。光生电子-空穴对的分离效率以及光催化剂表面吸附性能都对产氢速率有重要影响。CH_3OH水溶液的pH对光催化剂中光生电子-空穴对的分离效率以及光催化剂表面吸附性能都有影响。牺牲剂CH_3OH的加入以及CoFe_2O_4和CdS二者复合所产生的能带交迭和内建电场的作用都对CdS的光腐蚀起了抑制作用,后者的抑制效果更好。     

贵金属负载的棒状ZnO复合光催化剂的制备及其提升的光催化性能

以水热制备的ZnO纳米棒为基底,通过乙二醇液相还原法负载不同贵金属颗粒(Pt、Pd、Ru)构筑贵金属负载的ZnO纳米棒复合光催化剂。实验结果表明在制备条件相同时,Pt/ZnO样品中Pt颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀;Pd/ZnO样品中Pd颗粒尺寸较大且团聚严重;Ru/ZnO样品则几乎没有Ru颗粒负载。在紫外光照射下降解亚甲基蓝的反应中,Pt/ZnO表现出最高的光催化性能,Pd/ZnO样品次之,而Ru/ZnO则表现出与ZnO纳米棒相似的光催化活性;表明小尺寸和大小均匀的贵金属颗粒对ZnO纳米棒的催化性能有着显著的提升作用。对Pt/ZnO来说,当Pt载量为3.2%时Pt/ZnO催化剂的光催化活性最高。     

Migration characteristics study of iodine in crushed Beishan granite column under dynamic flow condition

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The migration of iodine on Beishan granite was studied by the dynamic column method using an UV detector. Migration parameters, such as...     

La-Ba-Sm体系催化剂上的甲烷氧化偶联

用甲烷氧化偶联反应评价了不同方法制备的Ｌａ－Ｂａ－Ｓｍ体系催化剂，结果表明，用机械混合Ｌａ２Ｏ３，Ｂａ（ＯＨ）２．８Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｓｍ２Ｏ３三组分及高温焙烧方法制备的催化剂，从Ｃ２收率和选择性总体看，较其它方式优越，在催化剂（ＩＶ）上进行了５００ｈ的稳定性实验，在整个过程中，催化剂的活性和选择性基本稳定；催化剂的起动温度较低，在较宽的温度范围内易于控制对工业生产意义较大，通过ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＩＲ，ＳＥＭ     

有效质量差异和电场对GaN/AlxGa1-xN球形量子点电子结构的影响

用平面波展开法对GaN/Al_xGa_1-xN球形量子点中类氢杂质态能级随量子点半径、Al组分以及结合能随Al组分的变化规律进行了详细讨论.计算了量子点内外有效质量差异对杂质态能级和结合能的修正,结果表明对于Al组分较高的GaN/Al_xGa_1-xN球形量子点,电子有效质量差异对杂质能级和结合能的修正不能忽略.考虑电子有效质量差异后,进一步具体计算了杂质结合能随量子点半 关键词： 球形量子点 平面波展开法 有效质量     

Bromination of N-phenyloxypropyl-N'-ethyl-4,4'-bipyridium in cucurbit[8]uril molecular reactor

CB[n](n=6-8) is a family of synthetic macrocyclic host molecules composed of n glycoluril units, which can be employed as molecular reactor. N-phenyloxypropyl-N'-ethyl-4,4'-bipyridium (1) was designed to form a host-guest inclusion complex with CB[n](n=6-8), subsequently, the bromination reaction of 1 and its corresponding inclusion complexes was investigated in this work. In the case of 1/CB[8], the folded including mode is quite helpful to acquire 1-bormination product completely through intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and CB[8] can provide a safe bromination environment for 1.     

Highly Ordered Mesoporous Cobalt-Copper Composite Oxides for Preferential CO Oxidation

Highly ordered mesoporous cobalt-copper composite oxides were prepared by the nanocasting method with various Co and Cu ratios. The catalysts obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption–desorption, H₂-temperature programmed reduction, CO-temperature programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All of the catalysts had uniform mesopores and high surface areas. The distinct catalytic properties of these well-characterized mesoporous materials were demonstrated for preferential CO oxidation. It is found that the mesoporous cobalt-copper composite oxides, exhibited the higher catalytic activity for CO conversion and selectivity compared with the mesoporous Co₃O₄ and mesoporous CuO. Among these catalysts the mesoporous cobalt-copper catalyst with Co:Cu molar ratio of 70:30, shows the best catalytic activity and the broadest operating temperature “window” for the high CO conversion in the range of 125–200^oC. The higher catalytic activity was attributed to the higher CO adsorption and oxygen vacancies.     

Influence of Deviation on Optical Transmission through Aperiodic Superlattices

We propose a deviation model and study the influences of the relative error and sensitivity of a machine on the transmission coefficients （TCs） of Fibonacci superlattices. It is found that for a system with fewer layers, the influence of deviation can be ignored. When superlattices become more complicated, they may be fabricated by a machine with suitable relative error and possess the designed value of TO. However, when the number of system layers exceeds some critical value, superlattices should be manufactured only by precise machines. The influence of the sensitivity is also discussed.     

掺CdSxSe1-x玻璃波导分布反馈光学双稳器件

本文给出了掺CdS_xSe_1-x玻璃平面波导分布反馈(DFB)光学双稳器件的设计和制备方法,实现了低功耗、快速的本征光学双稳。