On the computation of scaling coefficients of Daubechies' wavelets

In the present paper, Daubechies' wavelets and the computation of their scaling coefficients are briefly reviewed. Then a new method of computation is proposed. This method is based on the work [7] concerning a new orthonormality condition and relations among scaling moments, respectively. For filter lengths up to 16, the arising system can be explicitly solved with algebraic methods like Gröbner bases. Its simple structure allows one to find quickly all possible solutions.     

Generalized Relative Entropies as Contrast Functionals on Density Matrices

We use a class of generalized relative entropies on density matrices to obtain one-parameter families of torsion-free affine connections.     

Penetration of radionuclides across the skin: Rat age dependent promethium permeation through skin in vitro

The composition and the permeation properties of the skin are dependent on age. In the animal models for permation studies, age affects the mechanical as well as the permeation properties significantly. The time dependence of permeation of ¹⁴⁷Pm³⁺ from aqueous solution was established by the animal skin model and the age dependence of promethium permeation through the skin was examined. The aim was to find the optimum rat skin age model for radionuclide permeation studies and to assess the relative importance of the main permeation pathways: transepidermal and transfollicular permeation. The skin from 5-day-old rats (5DR) was found to represent the optimum animal model to study transepidermal permeation of ions. The skin from 9-day-old rats (9DR) was selected to study transfollicular permeation of ions. Comparison of the permeated amounts of promethium through the skin without hairs (3 DR to 6 DR) and with hairs (7DR to 12DR) showed that the additional permation mode via follicles significantly contributed to the permeation rate and extent.     

Measurement of the dynamic elastic constants of short isotropic cylinders

A method based on a single test is proposed to characterize the elasticity of an isotropic homogeneous material in the shape of a cylinder of any slenderness (length-diameter) ratio. Firstly, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine the natural frequencies of the cylinders vibrating axisymmetrically. The study is focused on cylindrical samples with diameter and length of similar magnitude so that the shear modulus and the Poisson ratio can be calculated simultaneously. Subsequently, the theoretical results for cylinders of slenderness ratio between 0.1 and 3 are analyzed in order to obtain the data required to determine the elastic constants from one of the two lowest measured natural frequencies and their quotient. The analysis of the results demonstrates that any slenderness ratio is useful in the calculation of the elastic constants, although in some cases the third natural frequency should be used. Furthermore, the influence of the length-diameter quotient on the sensitivity of the method is analyzed by evaluating the systematic uncertainties for both dynamic elastic constants. Finally, the method is experimentally tested by characterizing two steel cylinders with slenderness ratios 0.1 and 1, respectively. The results demonstrate that uncertainties for both Poisson ratio and the shear modulus are smaller when the slenderness ratio is 1.     

Asymptotically balanced schemes for non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems – application to the Shallow Water equations

In this work we introduce a class of balanced numerical schemes, up to second order, for the solution of general non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. We give a general technique to build such schemes. We also prove that they balance up to second order a large class of steady solutions in the whole domain but some subset whose measure tends to zero as the grid size decreases to zero. We finally present an application to Shallow Water equations that exhibit the good performances of some of the schemes introduced. To cite this article: T. Chacón Rebollo et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).     

Multiple Shocks in Bricklayers' Model

In bricklayers' model, which is a generalization of the misanthrope processes, we show that a nontrivial class of product distributions is closed under the time-evolution of the process. This class also includes measures fitting to shock data of the limiting PDE. In particular, we show that shocks of this type with discontinuity of size one perform ordinary nearest neighbor random walks only interacting, in an attractive way, via their jump rates. Our results are related to those of Belitsky and Schütz⁽⁴⁾ on the simple exclusion process, although we do not use quantum formalism as they do. The structures we find are described from a fixed position. Similar ones were found in Balázs,⁽²⁾ valak as seen from the random position of the second class particle.     

Measurement of the K α to L α and K β to L β intensity ratios of seven elements in the atomic number range 52≤ Z ≤62 using photoionization at 59.5 keV1

The Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios of seven elements have been measured following photoionization at 59.5 keV by using a Si (Li) detector (FWHM=155 eV at 5.96 keV). The intensity ratios were determined by measuring K and L x-rays emitted from a standard target of a given element. The theoretical values of the Kα to Lα and Kβ to Lβ intensity ratios were calculated using theoretically tabulated values of shell/subshell photoionization cross sections, fluorescence yields, Coster-Kronig transition probabilities, and radiative decay rates for ηKLi≠ and ηKLi=0. The measured values are in good agreement with theoretical results. From Optika i Spektroskopiya, Vol. 97, No. 2, 2004, pp. 186–189. Original English Text Copyright ? 2004 by A. Kü?ük?nder, S?ğüt, E. Kü?ük?nder, Büyükkasap. This article was submitted by the authors in English.     

Hysteresis and Eddy-current Relaxation in SiFe Materials

The rate-dependent effects in metallic ferromagnetic materials with magnetization processes attributed to domain-walls motion were studied. The experimental method for eddy-current relaxation time determination was proposed. Some discrepancies between the data and theoretical predictions were observed and discussed. The origin of these discrepancies is accounted for by the decrease of viscous-type relaxation process as the rate of change of averaged magnetization is approaching zero.