Some aspects of matrix interference caused by elements of low ionization potential in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectromctry

This paper deals with results of experiments performed with a 9 MHz free-running rf generator for producing an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) in argon. Samples were introduced as wet aerosols after nebulization with a concentric pneumatic nebulizer. The nett emission .signals of spectral lines emitted by Sr in the atomic as well as first ionized state were measured for volumes of plasma with projected square areas of 0.25 mm². These measurements were made while varying the observation height above the rf coil and the gas flow in the central nebulizer tube as well as adding Cs to a concentration level of 1000 μg ml^?1 to the samples.Ionic excitation temperatures were calculated and found not to be influenced by the presence of the Cs matrix. An interference induced by Cs causes an increase in both Sr atomic and ionic line intensities only in the so called preheating zone at the higher nebulizer gas flows and just above the rf coil.The Cs induced interference at these conditions results in an increase of the Sr ionic and atomic line intensity ratio, signifying a non-LTE process changing the relative population distribution of the Sr and Sr⁺ energy states.     

Exact solution of the master equation for the asymmetric exclusion process

Using the Bethe ansatz, we obtain the exact solution of the master equation for the totally asymmetric exclusion process on an infinite one-dimensional lattice. We derive explicit expressions for the conditional probabilitiesP(x₁,...,x_N;t/y ₁,...,y_N; 0) of findingN particles on lattices sitesx ₁,...,x_N at timet with initial occupationy ₁,...,y_N at timet=0.     

Überp-auflösbare Gruppen mit genau zwei Defektgruppen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die unipotenten charaktere von 2F4(q2)

.Alle endlichen Gruppen vom Lie-Typ besitzen eine ausgezeichnete Menge von irreduziblen komplexen Charakteren, die von Lusztig eingeführten unipotenten Charaktere. Diese werden fülr einen vorgegebenen Typ unabhängig vom zugrunde liegenden Körper klassifiziert. Aufgrund der ebenfalls von Lusztig bewiesenen Jordan-Zerlegung der irreduziblen komplexen Charaktere laiit sich die Charaktertafel einer jeden endlichen Gruppe G vom Lie-Typ im wesentlichen zusammenbauen, wenn man die unipotenten Charaktere der halbeinfachen Anteile der Zentralisatoren aller halbeinfachen Elemente in G kennt. Das Problem der Berechnung der Charaktertafel ist somit zurückgeführt auf die Bestimmung aller Werte der unipotenten Charaktere der einfachen Gruppen vom Lie-Typ.