Gauged Gromov–Witten theory for small spheres

We relate the genus zero gauged Gromov–Witten invariants of a smooth projective variety for sufficiently small area with equivariant Gromov–Witten invariants. As an application we deduce a gauged version of abelianization for Gromov–Witten invariants in the small area chamber. In the symplectic setting, we prove that any sequence of genus zero symplectic vortices with vanishing area has a subsequence that converges after gauge transformation to a holomorphic map with zero average moment map.     

Posicast control of a class of fractional-order processes

The number of studies on the control of fractional-order processes—processes having dynamics described by differential equations of arbitrary order—has been increasing in the past two decades and it is now ubiquitous. Various methods have emerged and have been proven to effectively control such processes—usually resulting in fractional-order controllers similar to their conventional integer-order counterparts, which include, but are not limited to fractional PID and fractional lead-lag controllers. However, such methods require a lot of computational effort and fractional-order controllers could be challenging when it comes to their synthesis and implementation. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective delay-based controller with the use of the Posicast control methodology in controlling the overshoot of a fractional-order process of the class $\mathcal{P}:\left\{ {P\left( s \right) = {1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {\left( {as^\alpha + b} \right)}}} \right. \kern-0em} {\left( {as^\alpha + b} \right)}}} \right\}$ having orders 1 < α < 2. Such controllers have proven to be easy to implement because they only require delays and summers. In this paper, the Posicast control methodology introduced in the past few years is modified to minimize the overshoot of the processes step response to a level that is acceptable in control engineering and automation practices. Furthermore, proof of the existence of overshoot for such class of processes, as well as the determination of the peak-time of the open-loop response of a fractional-order process of the class P is presented. Validation through numerical simulations for a class of fractional-order processes are presented in this paper.     

Phase diagram of GaAs

Abstract

Optical measurements in the diamond anvil cell (DAC) as well as thermodynamics, show cubic GaAs I to be unstable at 300 K, at 13 GPa. The thermodynamic phase line from GaAs I to the high pressure (H.P.) form(s) is at 11 ± 2 GPa. Large hyteresis makes the actual I→II transition observable only at 17.5 ± 1 GPa.     

Increasing stability and transport efficiency of supported liquid membranes through a novel ultrasound-assisted preparation method. Its application to cobalt(II) removal

A novel ultrasound assisted method for preparing supported liquid membranes is described in this paper. The stability and efficiency of the supported liquid membrane obtained was tested by removing cobalt(II) from aqueous solutions through a facilitated countertransport mechanism using CYANEX 272 as carrier and protons as counterions. The results are compared with those obtained using supported liquid membranes prepared by soaking the polymeric material in the organic solution of the carrier at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum, both for 24 h. Higher transport efficiency (>5%), flux (～18%), permeability (～20%) and stability (>6% in the second run and ～10% in the third run) were obtained by the supported liquid membrane prepared using the ultrasound assisted method. These findings can be explained by the effects of cavitation and acoustical streaming – which result from the ultrasound passing through the organic solution of the extractant – on the porous structure of the polymer support and on the pore filling.     

Quantification of neurons in Alzheimer and control brains with ex vivo high resolution magic angle spinning proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and stereology

Samples from human brains were examined with both stereologic methods for neuronal counting and high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) for quantification of cellular metabolites. A statistically significant linear correlation between neuronal density and the concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) area was observed. Although NAA has been widely utilized as a neuronal marker in in vivo MRS, an emerging sub-discipline of diagnostic neuroradiology, the experimental proof of the unilateral relationship between NAA and neurons has yet to be confirmed. The observed correlation provides experimental evidence that NAA concentration is proportional to the neuronal density. Metabolite ratios measured from the STS area were compared to those from frontal association cortex for their sensitivities in differentiating Alzheimer disease brains from control brains.     

Giant magnetoresistance of granular microwires: Spin-dependent scattering in integranular spacers

The anomalous behavior of magnetoresistance has been revealed in a number of granular microwires. In contrast to the giant magnetoresistance of granular alloys, which is associated with the spin-dependent scattering in the bulk of grains and at their surface, is linear in the square of the magnetization, and decreases with an increase in temperature, the magnetoresistance, for example, in Co₁₀Cu₉₀ microwires is negative, increases with an increase in temperature below the Curie temperature, and does not reach saturation in the field dependence in the high-field range. A simple mechanism of negative giant magnetoresistance due to scattering of spin-polarized charge carriers by impurity magnetic moments localized in the nonmagnetic intergranular spacers has been proposed taking into account that a considerable part of magnetic ions in microwires exhibiting this behavior is dissolved in the intergranular spacers. It has been shown that the corresponding contribution to magnetoresistance can reach 10–20%.     

Predefined-time control of distributed-order systems

Nonlinear Dynamics - Distributed-order calculus can be understood as a further generalisation of integer- and fractional-order calculus. Such a general case allows the modelling and understanding...     

Antihyperglycemic and Lipid Profile Effects of Salvia amarissima Ortega on Streptozocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Salvia amarissima Ortega was evaluated to determinate its antihyperglycemic and lipid profile properties. Petroleum ether extract of fresh aerial parts of S. amarissima (PEfAPSa) and a secondary fraction (F6Sa) were evaluated to determine their antihyperglycemic activity in streptozo-cin-induced diabetic (STID) mice, in oral tolerance tests of sucrose, starch, and glucose (OSTT, OStTT, and OGTT, respectively), in terms of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In acute assays at doses of 50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction in hyperglycemia in STID mice, at the first and fifth hour after of treatment, respectively, and were comparable with acarbose. In the sub-chronic test, PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction of glycemia since the first week, and the effect was greater than that of the acarbose control group. In relation to HbA1c, the treatments prevented the increase in HbA1c. In the case of TG and HDL, PEfAPSa and F6Sa showed a reduction in TG and an HDL increase from the second week. OSTT and OStTT showed that PEfAPSa and F6Sa significantly lowered the postprandial peak at 1 h after loading but only in sucrose or starch such as acarbose. The results suggest that S. amarissima activity may be mediated by the inhibition of disaccharide hydrolysis, which may be associated with an α-glucosidase inhibitory effect.