光强检测型光纤光栅温变不敏感动态压力传感研究

报道了基于光纤光栅反射谱带宽调制和光强差分检测技术实现单一光纤光栅温变不敏感动态压力传感的新方法。设计了一种结构新颖的双孔梁压力传感装置,依据双孔梁有限元受力分析将光纤光栅准确定位于线性梯度应变区,压力作用下光纤光栅反射谱对称展宽,反射光强线性正比于压力变化。基于光波导理论和材料力学原理推导了线性梯度应变场作用下光栅反射谱带宽、反射光强与压力之间的响应关系。利用光强差分检测技术取代传统波长解调方法,简化解调过程的同时传感系统免受温变影响。实验表明,在-10~80℃的温度变化范围内,系统测量误差小于总量程(120kPa)的1.8%,动态响应速度约80Hz,重复测量系统输出稳定,具有较好的应用价值。     

Guest induced morphology transitions of star shaped pillar[5]arene trimer via endo host-guest and "exo-wall" electron-transfer interactions

Star shape bridged pillar[5]arene trimer(C3-PLT) based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide(BTAs) was successfully synthesized,which exhibited outstanding guest responsive morphology transition properties.The morphology tining studies was efficiently achieved with the addition of competitive guest molecules G1 and G2 by various self-assembly mechanisms.C3-PLT itself displays nanofiber morphology through H-type π-π stacking,and this nanofiber morphology can be completely transformed into spherical vesicles by host-guest interaction Gl,while upon addition of G2 into C3-PLT by means of "exo-wall" electron-transfer interactions,sheet superstructures can be observed.SEM,~1 H NMR,DOSY,fluorescence spectroscopy,and viscosity have verified the formation of supramolecular polymers and morphological transitions between C3-PLT with both guests.     

Pt/HZSM-5基催化剂双功能协同性对正丁烷催化裂解反应机制的影响

轻质烷烃结构稳定,化工利用率低.催化裂解轻质烷烃是其高值利用的重要途径,相关研究同时对C-C键和C-H键活化和演变调控具有重要意义.本文在基于原子层沉积法构建高稳定Pt/HZSM-5基双功能模型催化剂的基础上,研究了不同酸性HZSM-5分子筛引入脱氢组分Pt对反应路径及目的产物低碳烯烃的影响规律.研究发现,双功能催化剂中, Pt的脱氢性能与分子筛的酸性裂解性能存在协同作用,不同硅铝比的分子筛上引入Pt,高硅铝比分子筛上Pt的引入对脱氢促进效应更明显.同时,将脱氢组分Pt引入到不同裂解能力的酸性分子筛载体上,会改变其低碳烯烃的生成路径,高硅铝比的分子筛上引入Pt后丁烯的生成路径增强,而低硅铝比的分子筛上则会增强乙烯与丙烯的生成路径,当分子筛硅铝比继续降低时,乙烯的生成路径进一步增强.本研究对多相复杂反应中反应路径调控及高效双功能催化剂设计具有指导意义.     

Removal of acidic interferences in multi-pesticides residue analysis of fruits using modified magnetic nanoparticles prior to determination via ultra-HPLC-MS/MS

The authors describe magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles modified with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs) for use as a sorbent for dispersive solid phase extraction of pesticide residues. The Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs were prepared by silanizing Fe₃O₄ NPs and modifying them with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and zeta potential measurements were employed to characterize the modified NPs. They were then used as an adsorbent to remove acidic interferences (such as malic acid and succinic acid), which are major interferences in LC-MS/MS analysis in causing ion suppression in the MS spectra of pesticides. In addition, graphitized carbon black (GCB) was used as an adsorbent to eliminate interferences by pigments. The use of Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs can replace time-consuming centrifugation as used in the so-called QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method. This improvement is particularly significant in high-throughput analysis. Following the optimization of the quantities of Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs and GCB, the method was applied to the determination of 56 pesticides in (spiked) fruits (apple, kiwi, orange and pear) by ultra-HPLC-MS/MS. The analytical ranges typically extend from 1 to 200 ng∙mL⁻¹, and recoveries range from 60.2 to 130 % at different concentrations of all four kinds of fruits. The LOQs for the pesticides are 10 ng∙kg⁻¹, which makes the method a viable tool for pesticide monitoring in fruits.

Magnetite nanoparticles modified with 3-(N,N-diethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (Fe₃O₄-PSA NPs) are shown to be useful materials for removal of acidid interferents from sample matrices. Their use can replace time-consuming centrifugation as used in the traditional QuEChERS method.

     

微波萃取气相色谱–质谱法测定发泡塑料中的甲酰胺

建立了测定发泡塑料中甲酰胺含量的气相色谱–质谱法。以乙醇于80℃微波萃取样品,用气相色谱–质谱联用仪SIM模式外标法定量测定发泡塑料中甲酰胺残留量。在优化的实验条件下,甲酰胺的质量浓度在0~10.0μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积成良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 8。甲酰胺的检出限为1.0 mg/kg,样品加标回收率为97.5%~102.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.57%~3.07%(n=6)。该方法样品处理简单、快速,适用于发泡塑料中甲酰胺的日常检测。     

Interchain impacts on electronic structures of heterocyclic oligomers and polymers containing group 14, 15, and 16 heteroatoms: quantum chemical calculations in combination with molecular dynamics simulations

The packing structures and packing effects on excitation energies of oligomers of polyfuran (PFu), polypyrrole (PPy), polycyclopentidene (PCp), polythiophene (PTh), polyphosphole (PPh), and polysilole (PSi) are comparatively studied by employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. The dependence of packing structures on the main group of heteroatoms in the five-membered heterocyclic oligomers is exhibited from MD simulations. The planarity of backbones and the population of pi-stacked structures increase with the heteroatoms going from group 14 to group 16; i.e., PCp < PPy < PFu; PSi < PPh < PTh. The polymers with the third row elements, PSi and PPh, tend to have larger chain flexibilities in the packing systems than those with the second row elements, PCp and PPy, respectively. On the basis of the second-order M?ller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) and natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations of the pi-stacked pairs, the difference in pi-stack orientations, head-to-tail vs head-to-head, between various packing systems is rationalized by individual interchain bond orbital interactions involved with heteroatoms. The packing systems with higher row elements tend to have narrower band gaps. The band gaps are closely related to the chain torsions driven by interchain interactions. The noticeable chain distortions in the packing systems of PCp, PSi, and PPh lead to the significant increase of band gaps in comparison with those appraised from periodic boundary conditions (PBC) calculations on their planar isolated chains.     

异噁唑啉及异噁唑烷类化合物在多糖衍生物类柱上的手性拆分

在ＣｈｉｒａｌｃｅｌＯＤ，ＣｈｉｒａｌｃｅｌＯＪ及ＣｈｉｒａｌｐａｋＡＤ等３种多糖类手性固定相上，以各种配比的正己烷－异丙醇为洗脱剂，对７种异口恶唑啉及异口恶唑烷类化合物的对映体进行了手性拆分。考察了这些外消旋物在这些手性柱上的色谱行为。实验结果表明，手性固定相上葡萄糖片段构型的差异和它们高级结构的不同以及手性固定相上的二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯或对甲基苯甲酸酯等功能团与样品的极性基团之间的相互作用，可能是支配手性拆分的主要原因。方法已用于不对称１，３－偶极环加成反应产物的光学纯度鉴定。     

S_2N_2环夹心配合物的MO研究

根据ＭＡＤ－ＳＣＣ－ＥＨＭＯ法的计算结果,用衡量相对稳定性的三个指标：稳定化能、ＨＯＭＯ－ＬＵＭＯ能隙和重迭集居比较了无机环Ｓ２Ｎ２与有机环的夹心和半夹心配合物的相对稳定性,并用碎片分子轨道法讨论了Ｓ２Ｎ２环分子轨道与过渡金属ｄ轨道间的相互作用以及配合物的成键情况和电子结构．     

Wavelength-mode pulse interleaver on the silicon photonics platform

We report an 8-channel wavelength-mode optical pulse interleaver on a silicon photonic chip.Wavelength-and mode-division multiplexing techniques are combined to increase the repetition rate of the pulses without adding the complexity of a single dimension.The interleaver uses a cascaded Mach–Zehnder interferometer architecture as a wavelength-division(de)multiplexer,an asymmetric directional coupler as a mode(de)multiplexer,and various lengths of silicon waveguides as delay lines.A pulse sequence with a time interval of 125 ps is implemented with the repetition rate being eight times that of the initial one.The demonstrated wavelength-mode multiplexing approach opens a new route for the generation of high-speed optical pulses.