Optical characteristics of transparent PMNT ceramic and its application at high speed electro-optic switch

The optical characteristics of transparent lead magnesium niobate titanate (PMNT) electro-optic ceramic, including the electro-optic phase modulation, electric hysteresis property and thermo-optic coefficient, are investigated in detail. Based on this novel ceramic, a polarization independent electro-optic switch by using fiber Sagnac interferometer (FSI) structure is realized. An initial π-shift is introduced into the Sagnac loop to eliminate the effect of the polarization orientation of the incident light on the switch performance. Then an electrically controllable PMNT phase retarder is used to switch the optical signal between the reflection and transmission ports. Some theoretical analyses are given and the switch performances are also discussed, including the thermal characteristic and different switching frequency response.     

Quantum steganography with large payload based on entanglement swapping of χ-type entangled states

In this paper, we firstly propose a new simple method to calculate entanglement swapping of χ-type entangled states, and then present a novel quantum steganography protocol with large payload. The new protocol adopts entanglement swapping to build up the hidden channel within quantum secure direct communication with χ-type entangled states for securely transmitting secret messages. Comparing with the previous quantum steganographies, the capacity of the hidden channel is much higher, which is increased to eight bits. Meanwhile, due to the quantum uncertainty theorem and the no-cloning theorem its imperceptibility is proved to be great in the analysis, and its security is also analyzed in detail, which is proved that intercept-resend attack, measurement-resend attack, ancilla attack, man-in-the-middle attack or even Dos(Denial of Service) attack couldn't threaten it. As a result, the protocol can be applied in various fields of quantum communication.     

Wide-band circular polarization-keeping reflection mediated by metasurface

In this paper,we show that circular polarization-keeping reflection can be achieved using reflective metasurfaces.The underlying physical mechanism of the polarization-keeping reflection is analyzed using a reflection matrix.A wideband circular polarization-keeping reflector is demonstrated using N-shaped resonators.Both the simulation and experiment results show that the polarization-keeping reflection can be achieved with a high efficiency larger than 98%over the frequency range from 9.2 GHz to 17.7 GHz for both incident left-and right-handed circularly polarized waves.Under oblique incidence,the bandwidth increases as the incident angle varies from 0°to 80°. Moreover,the co-polarization reflection is independent of the incident azimuth angles.     

Frequency-locking and threshold current-lowering effects of a quantum cascade laser and an application in gas detection field

In this paper,the frequency-locking and threshold current-lowering effects of a quantum cascade laser are studied and achieved.Combined with cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy,the noninvasive detection of H_2 with a prepared concentration of 500 ppm in multiple dissolved gases is performed and evaluated.The high frequency selectivity of 0.0051 cm~(-1) at an acquisition time of 1 s allows the sensitive detection of the(1-0) S(l) band of H_2 with a high accuracy of(96.53±0.29)%and shows that the detection limit to an absorption line of 4712.9046 cm~(-1) is approximately(17.26±0.63) ppm at an atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 ℃.     

基于自发曲率模型对几种极限形状膜泡及典型相变和分裂过程的研究

通过在Surface Evolver软件中建立一些具有多重对称性的初始形状，经逐次细分并长时间演化后，得到了几种能量很低的极限形budding 形状，其参数与理论值一致. 通过逐步调整参数并跟踪其演化途径，发现了一个不连续的相变和一个连续的可逆相变以及两种稳定的新形状，并且获得的海星形的两种分裂路径已被实验所证实.     

Dielectronic recombination and resonant transfer excitation processes for helium-like krypton

The relativistic configuration interaction method is employed to calculate the dielectronic recombination(DR) cross sections of helium-like krypton via the 1s2lnl ’(n = 2,3,...,15) resonances.Then,the resonant transfer excitation(RTE) processes of Kr 34+ colliding with H,He,H 2,and CH x(x = 0-4) targets are investigated under the impulse approximation.The needed Compton profiles of targets are obtained from the Hartree-Fock wave functions.The RTE cross sections are strongly dependent on DR resonant energies and strengths,and the electron momentum distributions of the target.For H 2 and H targets,the ratio of their RTE cross sections changes from 1.85 for the 1s2l2l ’ to 1.88 for other resonances,which demonstrates the weak molecular effects on the Compton profiles of H 2.For CH x(x = 0-4) targets,the main contribution to the RTE cross section comes from the carbon atom since carbon carries 6 electrons;as the number of hydrogen increases in CH x,the RTE cross section almost increases by the same value,displaying the strong separate atom character for the hydrogen.However,further comparison of the individual orbital contributions of C(2p,2s,1s) and CH 4(1t 2,2a 1,1a 1) to the RTE cross sections shows that the molecular effects induce differences of about 25.1%,19.9%,and 0.2% between 2p-1t 2,2s-2a 1,and 1s-1a 1 orbitals,respectively.     

激光调频连续波测距的精度评定方法研究

基于双光纤光路等光频重采样原理,提出了一种距离精度的评定方法.通过推导噪声背景下等光频重采样信号中距离参量的克拉美-罗下边界,得到了影响系统测距精度的两个重要因素:信噪比和扫描带宽,并进行了实验验证.实验表明,该评价方法并不会受到任何距离估算方法的影响,根据此方法可以选择一个最优的距离估算方法.通过对两个影响精度的因素进行仿真分析可知,在扫描带宽为2.2 nm时,若将测量光路的信噪比提升至70 dB以上,系统可获得低于10μm的测距精度.该精度评定方法可为后续改善调频连续波测距系统性能提供理论参考.     

微弱电流高精度自动测量系统

为了实现辐射探测中对微弱电流信号的实时准确测量,设计了一套微弱电流测量系统。介绍了系统的工作原理,及I-V转换和放大单元的低噪声抗干扰设计、-△模数转换技术和单片机程序的设计。系统通过USB与计算机进行通信,计算机应用软件可以完成采集频率和量程控制、数据处理、显示和存储等功能。经过验证,该系统能满足10-13~10-3 A的大动态微弱电流测量,分辨力为四位半, 能自动量程判断,具有较高的精度和稳定性,已成功应用于辐射探测实验。     

A new approach to detecting weak signal in strong noise based on chaos system control

In this paper, a chaos system and proportional differential control are both used to detect the frequency of an unknown signal. In traditional methods the useful signal is obtained through the Duffing equation or other chaotic oscillators. But these methods are too complex because of using a lot of chaos oscillators. In this paper a new method is presented that uses the R?ssler equation and proportional differential control to detect a weak signal frequency. Substituting the detected signal frequency into the R?ssler equation leads the R?ssler phase state to be considerably changed. The chaos state can be controlled through the proportional differential method. Through its phase diagram and spectrum analysis, the unknown frequency is obtained. The simulation results verify that the presented method is feasible and that the detection accuracy is higher than those of other methods.