Total chromatic number of one kind of join graphs

The total chromatic number χ_T(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of colors needed to color the elements (vertices and edges) of G such that no adjacent or incident pair of elements receive the same color. G is called Type 1 if χ_T(G)=Δ(G)+1. In this paper we prove that the join of a complete inequibipartite graph K_n1,n2 and a path P_m is of Type 1.     

Synthesis of Biaryls through Nickel‐Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Amides by Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Cleavage

The first Ni‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of amides for the synthesis of widely occurring biaryl compounds through N?C amide bond activation is reported. The reaction tolerates a wide range of electron‐withdrawing, electron‐neutral, and electron‐donating substituents on both coupling partners. The reaction constitutes the first example of the Ni‐catalyzed generation of aryl electrophiles from bench‐stable amides with potential applications for a broad range of organometallic reactions.     

电动生物修复底泥中电场对微生物活性的影响

采用电动生物复合技术修复底泥,探讨了电场对底泥污染物中微生物的生长活性、营养物质的迁移等的影响.实验发现,强电场(3V.cm-1)会降低细菌的活性,而弱电场(1V.cm-1)可激活微生物的活性.相应地,弱电场下的底泥中脱氢酶活性高于强电场下的底泥;电场作用下阳极附近的异养菌生长会受到抑制;较高频率的电极正负极交替有助于消除电场作用对阳极附近异养菌总数的影响.用电动方法向底泥中注入营养物质,发现含氮化合物能在底泥中电动迁移,其中硝酸根的迁移性强于铵盐,而阴极室中磷含量下降,但磷酸根在底泥中未发生迁移.     

Structures of Highly Twisted Amides Relevant to Amide N−C Cross‐Coupling: Evidence for Ground‐State Amide Destabilization

Herein, we show that acyclic amides that have recently enabled a series of elusive transition‐metal‐catalyzed N?C activation/cross‐coupling reactions are highly twisted around the N?C(O) axis by a new destabilization mechanism of the amide bond. A unique effect of the N‐glutarimide substituent, leading to uniformly high twist (ca. 90°) irrespective of the steric effect at the carbon side of the amide bond has been found. This represents the first example of a twisted amide that does not bear significant steric hindrance at the α‐carbon atom. The ¹⁵N NMR data show linear correlations between electron density at nitrogen and amide bond twist. This study strongly supports the concept of amide bond ground‐state twist as a blueprint for activation of amides toward N?C bond cleavage. The new mechanism offers considerable opportunities for organic synthesis and biological processes involving non‐planar amide bonds.     

Indirect adaptive robust dynamic surface control in separate meter-in and separate meter-out control system

With the demand for energy efficiency in electrohydraulic servo systems (EHSS), the separate meter-in and separate meter-out (SMISMO) control system draws massive attention. In this paper, the SMISMO control system is decoupled completely into two subsystems by the proposed indirect adaptive robust dynamic surface control (IARDSC) method. Indirect adaptive robust control (IARC) is proposed to address the internal parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Dynamic surface control (DSC) is utilized in the design procedure of IARC to deal with the inherent ‘explosion of terms’ problem. The proposed IARDSC simplifies the design procedure and decreases the computational cost of the controller. Besides, a faster parameter estimation scheme is proposed to adapt to the parameter change for a better estimation performance. Finally, experimental results show that the proposed IARDSC can achieve a good parameter estimation and trajectory tracking performance. Meanwhile, two energy saving techniques are discussed.     

Two isomers of 2,4‐di­benzyl‐8‐azabicyclo­[3.2.1]­octan‐3‐ol

The crystal structures of the title compounds, 2α,4α‐di­benzyl‐3α‐tropanol (2α,4α‐di­benzyl‐8‐methyl‐8‐aza­bi­cyclo­[3.2.1]­octan‐3α‐ol), C₂₂H₂₇NO, (I), and 2α,4α‐di­benzyl‐3β‐tropanol (2α,4α‐di­benzyl‐8‐methyl‐8‐aza­bi­cyclo­[3.2.1]­octan‐3β‐ol), C₂₂H₂₇NO, (II), show that both compounds have a piperidine ring in a chair conformation and a pyrrolidine ring in an envelope conformation. Isomer (I) is asymmetric, the benzyl groups having different orientations, whereas isomer (II) is mirror symmetric, and the N and O atoms, the C atom attached to the hydroxy group, and the methyl C atom attached to the N atom lie on the mirror plane. In the crystal structures of both (I) and (II), the mol­ecules are linked together by intermolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds to form chains that run parallel to the a direction in (I) and parallel to b in (II).     

曙红Y与牛血清蛋白作用的荧光光谱

1引言蛋白质测定在临床医学和生命科学研究中有重要意义,这方面的研究引起人们的广泛兴趣,最常用的方法是用染料结合法,它们在酸性介质与蛋白质作用形成复合物,而后进行测定,荧光法测定蛋白质文献报道较少。在pH2．53的介质中,我们研究曙红Y与牛血清蛋白作用光谱,曙红Y最大吸收峰从513nm红移到529nm,荧光光谱发生显著变化,540nm（激发光波长308nm）荧光猝灭,其摔灭程度与BSA浓度成正比,据此拟定测定牛血清蛋白的荧光分析方法。该方法线性范围宽0－2．5mg/L,灵敏度高检出限可达2．8μg/L（3σ）,选择性好常见物质不干扰测定…     

N_(1923)萃取锆性质的研究及其应用

本实验研究了酸性介质中N_(1923)对锆的萃取行为,测定了萃合物中胺与金属离子锆的组成比为2:1,并拟定了应用于测定矿样中锆的方法。     

Polyhedral study of the connected subgraph problem

In this paper, we study the connected subgraph polytope which is the convex hull of the solutions to a related combinatorial optimization problem called the maximum weight connected subgraph problem. We strengthen a cut-based formulation by considering some new partition inequalities for which we give necessary and sufficient conditions to be facet defining. Based on the separation problem associated with these inequalities, we give a complete polyhedral characterization of the connected subgraph polytope on cycles and trees.     

Syntheses, structures and catalytic activity of copper(II) complexes with hydroxyindanimine ligands

A series of new hydroxyindanimine ligands [ArNCC₂H₃(CH₃)C₆H₂(R)OH] (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr₂C₆H₃, R = H (HL¹), R = Cl (HL²), and R = Me (HL³)) were synthesized and characterized. Reaction of hydroxyindanimine with Cu(OAc)₂ · H₂O results in the formation of the mononuclear bis(hydroxyindaniminato)copper(II) complexes Cu[ArNCC₂H₃(CH₃)C₆H₂(R)O]₂ (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr₂C₆H₃, R = H (1), R = Cl (2), and R = Me (3)). The complex 2′ was obtained from the chlorobenzene solution of the complex 2, which has the same molecule formula with the complex 2 but it is a polymorph. All copper(II) complexes were characterized by their IR and elemental analyses. In addition, X-ray structure analyses were performed for complexes 1, 2, and 2′. After being activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), complexes 1-3 can be used as catalysts for the vinyl polymerization of norbornene with moderate catalytic activities. Catalytic activities and the molecular weight of polynorbornene have been investigated for various reaction conditions.