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51.
We propose to search for neutron halo isomers populated via γ-capture in stable nuclei with mass numbers of about A=140–180 or A=40–60, where the 4s 1/2 or 3s 1/2 neutron shell model state reaches zero binding energy. These halo nuclei can be produced for the first time with new γ-beams of high intensity and small band width (≤0.1%) achievable via Compton back-scattering off brilliant electron beams, thus offering a promising perspective to selectively populate these isomers with small separation energies of 1 eV to a few keV. Similar to single-neutron halo states for very light, extremely neutron-rich, radioactive nuclei (Hansen et al. in Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 45:591–634, 1995; Tanihata in J. Phys. G., Nucl. Part. Phys. 22:158–198, 1996; Aumann et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett. 84:35, 2000), the low neutron separation energy and short-range nuclear force allow the neutron to tunnel far out into free space much beyond the nuclear core radius. This results in prolonged half-lives of the isomers for the γ-decay back to the ground state in the 100 ps-μs range. Similar to the treatment of photodisintegration of the deuteron, the neutron release from the neutron halo isomer via a second, low-energy, intense photon beam has a known much larger cross section with a typical energy threshold behavior. In the second step, the neutrons can be released as a low-energy, pulsed, polarized neutron beam of high intensity and high brilliance, possibly being much superior to presently existing beams from reactors or spallation neutron sources. 相似文献
52.
We demonstrate a novel method to locate hydrogen atoms in amino acids, which involves measuring the C(alpha)H(alpha) bond vector geometry through orientationally dependent dipolar coupling frequencies measured by Lee-Goldburg cross polarization (LGCP). A 2D LGCP experiment is used to measure the polar angle of the C(alpha)H(alpha) bond vector in a single crystal of the model compound L-alanine. It is also demonstrated that by coupling the 13C(alpha)1H(alpha) LGCP experiment to a 13C(alpha)15N REDOR experiment, one can determine the complete three-dimensional geometry of the C(alpha)H(alpha) and C(alpha)N vectors in a single crystal. These measurements allow for location of hydrogen atoms in crystalline biological macromolecules. 相似文献
53.
W. Fieber K. Bharuth-Ram J. Heese F. Cristancho C. J. Gross K. P. Lieb S. Skoda J. Eberth 《Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei》1989,332(4):363-370
Deformation parameters of the positive parity yrast band and negative parity bands in83Zr are deduced from lifetimes andE2/M1 mixing ratios. Lifetimes of high spin states have been determined from recoil distance Doppler shift and Doppler shift attenuation measurements using the54Fe(32S,2pnγ) 83Zr reaction. Ten lifetimes and five lifetimes limits were determined. The positive parity band, built on theg 9/2 K=5/2 orbital has an average deformation ¦β 2¦=0.28(2), and shows a reduction ofE2 transition strengths in the observed backbend region at Iπ≈21/2+. In contrast, theE2 strengths in the negative parity states show a steady increase up to Iπ≈=15/2?. These states are more strongly deformed than the positive parity states (¦β 2¦=0.33(3)). TheE2/M1 mixing ratios show that the negative parity band hasK=3/2 and is prolate, and favour oblate deformation for the positive parity yrast band. In theK=1/2? band theE2 strength of the 7/2?→3/2? transition yields a deformation ¦β 2¦=0.26(5). The band structure is compared with calculations within the Hartree-Fock Bogoliubov cranking model. 相似文献
54.
F. Ziebert M. Vershinin S. P. Gross I. S. Aranson 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2009,28(4):401-409
We study the alignment of polar biofilaments, such as microtubules and actin, subject to the action of multiple molecular
motors attached simultaneously to more than one filament. Focusing on a paradigm model of only two filaments interacting with
multiple motors, we were able to investigate in detail the alignment dynamics. While almost no alignment occurs in the case
of a single motor, the filaments become rapidly aligned due to the collective action of the motors. Our analysis shows that
the alignment time is governed by the number of bound motors and the magnitude of the motors’ stepping fluctuations. We predict
that the time scale of alignment is in the order of seconds, much faster than that reported for passive crosslink-induced
bundling. In vitro experiments on the alignment of microtubules by multiple-motor covered beads are in qualitative agreement. We also discuss
another mode of fast alignment of filaments, namely the cooperation between motors and passive crosslinks. 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
Karny M Grzywacz RK Batchelder JC Bingham CR Gross CJ Hagino K Hamilton JH Janas Z Kulp WD McConnell JW Momayezi M Piechaczek A Rykaczewski KP Semmes PA Tantawy MN Winger JA Yu CH Zganjar EF 《Physical review letters》2003,90(1):012502
Fine structure in proton emission from the 3.1(3) mus activity of 145Tm was discovered by using a novel technique of digital processing of overlapping recoil implantation and decay signals. Proton transitions to the ground state of 144Er and to its first excited 2(+) state at 0.33(1) MeV with a branching ratio I(p)(2(+))=9.6+/-1.5% were observed. The structure of the 145Tm wave function and the emission process were analyzed by using particle-core vibration coupling models. 相似文献
58.
59.
Moresco F Gross L Alemani M Rieder KH Tang H Gourdon A Joachim C 《Physical review letters》2003,91(3):036601
A crucial problem in molecular electronics is the control of the electronic contact between a molecule and its electrodes. As a model system, we investigated the contact between the molecular wire group of a C90H98 (Lander) molecule and the edge of a Cu(111) monatomic step. The reproducible contact and decontact of the wire was obtained by manipulating the Lander with a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The electronic standing wave patterns on the Cu(111) surface serve to monitor the local electronic perturbation caused by the interaction of the wire end with the step edge, giving information on the quality of the contact. 相似文献
60.
We investigate quantum properties of pulsed light fields point by point in phase space. We probe the negative region of the Wigner function of a single photon generated by the means of waveguided parametric down conversion. This capability is achieved by employing loss-tolerant photon-number resolving detection, allowing us to directly observe the oscillations of the photon statistics in dependence of applied displacements in phase space. Our scheme is highly mode sensitive and can reveal the single-mode character of the signal state. 相似文献