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71.
Festag G Steinbrück A Wolff A Csaki A Möller R Fritzsche W 《Journal of fluorescence》2005,15(2):161-170
DNA microarrays are promising tools for fast and highly parallel DNA detection by means of fluorescence or gold nanoparticle labeling. However, substrate modification with silanes (as a prerequisite for capture DNA binding) often leads to inhomogeneous surfaces and/or nonspecific binding of the labeled DNA. We examined both different substrate cleaning and activating protocols and also different blocking strategies for optimizing the procedures, especially those for nanoparticle labeling. Contact angle measurements as well as fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and a flatbed scanner were used to analyze the multiple-step process. Although the examined different cleaning and activating protocols resulted in considerably different contact angles, meaning different substrate wettability, silanization led to similar hydrophobic surfaces which could be revealed as smooth surfaces of about 2–4 nm roughness. The two examined silanes (3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GOPS) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)) differed in their DNA binding homogeneity, maximum signal intensities, and sensitivity. Nonspecific gold binding on APTES/PDC surfaces could be blocked by treatment in 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA). 相似文献
72.
We have performed the first experimental tomographic reconstruction of a three-photon polarization state. Quantum state tomography is a powerful tool for fully describing the density matrix of a quantum system. We measured 64 three-photon polarization correlations and used a "maximum-likelihood" reconstruction method to reconstruct the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. The entanglement class has been characterized using an entanglement witness operator and the maximum predicted values for the Mermin inequality were extracted. 相似文献
73.
Bartholomy O Credé V van Pee H Anisovich AV Anton G Bantes R Beloglazov Y Bogendörfer R Castelijns R Ehmanns A Ernst J Fabry I Flemming H Fösel A Freiesleben H Fuchs M Funke Ch Gothe R Gridnev A Gutz E Höffgen SK Horn I Hössl J Joosten R Junkersfeld J Kalinowsky H Klein F Klempt E Koch H Konrad M Kopf B Krusche B Langheinrich J Löhner H Lopatin I Lotz J Matthäy H Menze D Messchendorp J Morales C Novinski D Ostrick M Radkov A Reinnarth J Sarantsev AV Schadmand S Schmidt Ch Schmieden H Schoch B 《Physical review letters》2005,94(1):012003
Single pi(0) photoproduction has been studied with the CB-ELSA experiment at Bonn using tagged photon energies between 0.3 and 3.0 GeV. The experimental setup covers a very large solid angle of approximately 98% of 4pi. Differential cross sections dsigma/dOmega have been measured. Complicated structures in the angular distributions indicate a variety of different resonances being produced in the s channel intermediate state gammap-->N(*)(Delta(*))-->ppi(0). A combined analysis including the data presented in this letter along with other data sets reveals contributions from known resonances and evidence for a new resonance N(2070)D15. 相似文献
74.
D. Sarkisyan T. Becker A. Papoyan P. Thoumany H. Walther 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(6):625-631
An extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness of a Rb atomic vapor layer in the range of 100–300 nm was fabricated. It is
demonstrated that a simple laser-diode technique with a single resonant light beam is sufficient to observe separately all
of the atomic hyperfine transitions of the D
2 line of Rb (780 nm) and also allows us to measure the relative transition probabilities of the hyperfine transitions. The
onset of collisional self-broadening of the hyperfine transitions as the number density of atoms increases was studied. The
detrimental role of the atoms with slow longitudinal velocity in the sub-Doppler response of the Rb ETC is demonstrated by
studies in which the cell is tilted from normal incidence of the laser beam. It is also shown that using an ETC allows us
to resolve in a moderate external magnetic field the Zeeman splitting of the hyperfine transitions of the 87Rb D
1 transition F
g=1F
e=1,2.
Received: 19 February 2003 / Revised version: 4 April 2003 / Published online: 2 June 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +374/32-31172, E-mail: david@ipr.sci.am 相似文献
75.
Solladié N Walther ME Gross M Duarte TM Bourgogne C Nierengarten JF 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2003,(19):2412-2413
In addition to the ammonium-crown ether recognition, pi-stacking interactions between the C60 sphere and the porphyrin moiety have been evidenced in a supramolecular complex obtained from a porphyrin-crown ether conjugate and a fullerene derivative bearing an ammonium unit. 相似文献
76.
The development of an all-solid-state cw laser system for optical absorption measurements of the OH radical in the UV spectral range is described. The tunable output of a 1064-nm external-cavity diode laser is amplified by use of a Nd:doped, double-clad fiber amplifier. The amplified near-IR radiation is frequency doubled by a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal and then quadrupled in a beta-barium borate crystal. The design and operation of the system and measurements of OH absorption in the (2, 0) band of the A(2)?(+)- X(2)? electronic transition are discussed. 相似文献
77.
We propose a scheme for slowing down decay into a continuum. We make use of a sequence of ultrashort 2pi pulses applied on an auxiliary transition of the system so that there is a destructive interference between the two transition amplitudes--one before the application of the pulse and the other after the application of the pulse. We give explicit results for a structured continuum. Our scheme can also inhibit unwanted transitions. 相似文献
78.
79.
80.
Bernard Walther Pierre-Alain Carrupt Nabil El Tayar Bernard Testa 《Helvetica chimica acta》1989,72(3):507-517
The 8-substituted xanthines 1 – 21 (including compound S 9795), caffeine ( 22 ), and the three isomeric dimethyl-xanthines 23 – 25 (see Table 1), were examined for their lipophilic behaviour using a reversed-phase HPLC technique. A number of flexible compounds showed a smaller-than-expected lipophilicity which based on conformational and tautomeric calculations were ascribed to the predominance of folded forms. A QSAR analysis of the phosphodiesterase-inhibitory potency of several compounds showed favourable factors to be a low lipophilicity and the absence of a substituent on the N7 position. 相似文献