A Coculture Based, 3D Bioprinted Ovarian Tumor Model Combining Cancer Cells and Cancer Associated Fibroblasts

Ovarian cancer remains a major public health issue due to its poor prognosis. To develop more effective therapies, it is crucial to set-up reliable models that closely mimic the complexity of the ovarian tumor's microenvironment. 3D bioprinting is currently a promising approach to build heterogenous and reproducible cancer models with controlled shape and architecture. However, this technology is still poorly investigated to model ovarian tumors. In this study, a 3D bioprinted ovarian tumor model combining cancer cells (SKOV-3) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are described. The resulting tumor models show their ability to maintain cell viability and proliferation. Cells are observed to self-assemble in heterotypic aggregates. Moreover, CAFs are observed to be recruited and to circle cancer cells reproducing an in vivo process taking place in the tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, this approach also shows its ability to rapidly generate a high number of reproducible tumor models that can be subjected to usual characterizations (cell viability and metabolic activity; histology and immunological studies; and real-time imaging). Therefore, these ovarian tumor models can be an interesting tool for high throughput drug screening applications.     

Behavior of filled polyphenylquinoxalines during friction

Conclusion 1. It has been established that, as the chain of polyphenylquinoxalines becomes more rigid by addition of aromatic nuclei of the naphthylimide group to the macromolecule part, the wear resistance of graphite-filled polymer systems increases.2. It has been demonstrated that during friction with filled polyphenylquinoxalines in the polymer binder there occur complex destructive-structurizing processes whose penetration depth is determined by the chemical constitution of the selected polymers.3. It has been established that in the rigid-chain polyphenylquinoxaline during friction at high temperatures, just below the glass-transition point but within the range of faster relaxation processes, the destructive-structurizing processes abate and then at temperatures above 250°C active gelling occurs.Institute of Heteroorganic Compounds, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 6, pp. 1049–1054, November–December, 1978.     

Average number and probability distribution of caustics in randomly inhomogeneous medium and behind a random phase screen

Formulas are derived for the average cross-sectional caustic density and the probability density of the distances to caustics behind a random phase screen. The constancy of the average number of caustics at great distances behind the screen as the probability density approaches zero is explained.Nizhny Novgorod Architecture and Construction Academy. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 471–478, April, 1994.