Preparation of Propanols by Glycerol Hydrogenolysis over Bifunctional Nickel-Containing Catalysts

The paper presents the results obtained in studying glycerol hydrogenolysis into 1-propanol and 2-propanol over bifunctional Ni/WO₃-TiO₂ and Ni/WO₃-ZrO₂ catalysts in the flow system. Due to the optimal combination of acidic and hydrogenation properties of the heterogeneous catalysts, they exhibit higher performance in glycerol conversion into C₃ alcohols, although the process is carried out in rather mild conditions. At the reaction temperature of 250 °C and hydrogen pressure of 3 MPa, the total yield of 1-propanol and 2-propanol reaches 95%, and the glycerol conversion is close to 100%.     

Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors to Target Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

This paper reports on a novel series of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) potentially useful for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The newly designed and synthesized compounds are structurally related to nilotinib (NIL), a second-generation oral TKI, and to a series of imatinib (IM)-based TKIs, previously reported by our research group, these latter characterized by a hybrid structure between TKIs and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitors. The enzyme HO-1 was selected as an additional target since it is overexpressed in many cases of drug resistance, including CML. The new derivatives 1a–j correctly tackle the chimeric protein BCR-ABL. Therefore, the inhibition of TK was comparable to or higher than NIL and IM for many novel compounds, while most of the new analogs showed only moderate potency against HO-1. Molecular docking studies revealed insights into the binding mode with BCR-ABL and HO-1, providing a structural explanation for the differential activity. Cytotoxicity on K562 CML cells, both NIL-sensitive and -resistant, was evaluated. Notably, some new compounds strongly reduced the viability of K562 sensitive cells.     

Selective Targeting of Breast Cancer by Tafuramycin A Using SMA-Nanoassemblies

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous subtype of tumors that tests negative for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and excess HER2 protein. The mainstay of treatment remains chemotherapy, but the therapeutic outcome remains inadequate. This paper investigates the potential of a duocarmycin derivative, tafuramycin A (TFA), as a new and more effective chemotherapy agent in TNBC treatment. To this extent, we optimized the chemical synthesis of TFA, and we encapsulated TFA in a micellar system to reduce side effects and increase tumor accumulation. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that both TFA and SMA–TFA possess high anticancer effects in TNBC models. Finally, the encapsulation of TFA offered a preferential avenue to tumor accumulation by increasing its concentration at the tumor tissues by around four times in comparison with the free drug. Overall, the results provide a new potential strategy useful for TNBC treatment.     

Mechanism of byproduct formation in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene on magnesium ferrite-containing catalyst

Conclusions It has been shown by application of the kinetic isotope method that in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene on a magnesium ferrite catalyst, benzene and toluene are formed from ethylbenzene and also from styrene. Carbon dioxide appears mainly as a result of exhaustive oxidation of the side chain of the aromatic hydrocarbon.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 778–781, April, 1986.     

Electrodeposition of rare earth metals Y,Gd, Yb in ionic liquids

The possibility of yttrium, gadolinium, and ytterbium electrodeposition from solutions of their triflates in different ionic liquids at 100°C was investigated. It was shown that these metals could be deposited on the cathode from electrolytes based on ionic liquids with quaternary ammonium cations, and these metals do not deposit from 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium triflate. It was established that, in the case of butyltrimethylamonium triflate usage, metal deposition occurs on a copper electrode, and it does not occur on a platinum electrode, and in 1-butyl-1-methylpirrolidinium triflate, the reduction process is possible on both electrodes. Yb³⁺ reduction occurs step by step via Yb²⁺ formation. It was shown that the limiting stage of the cathode process is adsorption of a metal cation on the electrode.