Electrical conductivity in very anisotropic conductors and semiconductors

Summary For very anisotropic metallic and semiconducting systems it is shown that the electrical conductivity in the direction of high effective mass decreases as the number of electrons in the conduction band grows. In the other directions the conductivity behaves normally.

---

Riassunto Si mostra che, per sistemi semiconduttori e metallici anisotropi, la conduttività elettrica nella direzione di massa altamente efficace diminuisce all'aumentare del numero di elettroni nella banda di conduzione. Nelle altre direzioni la conduttività si comporta normalmente.

---

Резюме Для очень анизотропных металлических и полупроводниковых систем показывается, что электропропроводность в направлении большой эффективной массы уменьшается, когда число электронов в зоне проводимости увеличивается. В других направлениях проводимость ведет себя нормальным образом.

     

Spectral methods for compressible reactive flows

High order simulations are necessary in order to capture fine details in resolving supersonic reactive flows. However, high Mach number compressible flows feature sharp gradients and discontinuities, which present a challenge to successful simulations using high order methods. Spectral methods have proven a powerful tool in simulation of incompressible turbulent flows, and recent advances allow the application of spectral methods to compressible reactive flows. We review the recent advances in the theory and application of spectral methods which allow stable computations of discontinuous phenomena, and the recovery of high order information via postprocessing, and present applications of high Mach number reactive flows. To cite this article: D. Gottlieb, S. Gottlieb, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).     

On discrete Fourier transform,ambiguity, and Hamming-autocorrelation of pseudorandom sequences

We estimate discrete Fourier transform, ambiguity, and Hamming-auto-correlation of \(m\) -ary sequences in terms of their (periodic) correlation measure of order 4. Roughly speaking, we show that every pseudorandom sequence, that is, any sequence with small correlation measure up to a sufficiently large order, cannot have a large discrete Fourier transform, ambiguity, or Hamming-autocorrelation. Conversely, there are sequences, for example the two-prime generator, with large correlation measure of order 4 but small discrete Fourier transform, ambiguity, autocorrelation, and Hamming-autocorrelation.     

Zur Korrektion von Titrierl?sungen mit zu hohem oder zu niedrigem Gehalt

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The steady shear viscosity of filled polymeric liquids described by a linear superposition of two relaxation mechanisms

Filled polymeric liquids often exhibit apparent yielding and shear thinning in steady shear flow. Yielding results from non-hydrodynamic particle—particle interactions, while shear thinning results from the non-Newtonian behavior of the polymer melt. A simple equation, based on the linear superposition of two relaxation mechanisms, is proposed to describe the viscosity of filled polymer melts over a wide range of shear rates and filler volume fraction.The viscosity is written as the sum of two generalized Newtonian liquid models. The resulting equation can describe a wide range of shear-thinning viscosity curves, and a hierarchy of equations is obtained by simplifying the general case. Some of the parameters in the equation can be related to the properties of the unfilled liquid and the solid volume fraction. One adjustable parameter, a yield stress, is necessary to describe the viscosity at low rates where non-hydrodynamic particle—particle interaction dominate. At high shear rates, where particle—particle interactions are dominated by interparticle hydrodynamics, no adjustable parameters are necessary. A single equation describes both the high and low shear rate regimes. Predictions of the equation closely fit published viscosity data of filled polymer melts. n power-law index - n ₁,n ₂ power-law index of first (second) term - shear rate - steady shear viscosity - ₀ zero-shear rate viscosity - _{0, 1}, _{0, 2} zero-shear rate viscosity of first (second) term - time constant - ₁, ₂ time constant of first (second) term - µ _r relative viscosity of filled Newtonian liquid - ₀ yield stress - ø solid volume fraction - ø _m maximum solid volume fraction     

Rotational spectra and equilibrium structures of H2SiS and Si2S

The rotational spectra of two small silicon sulfides, silanethione H(2)SiS and the disilicon sulfide ring Si(2)S, have been detected in the centimeter band by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy of a molecular beam; lines of H(2)SiS were also observed in the millimeter band up to 377 GHz in a glow discharge. Precise rotational and centrifugal distortionconstants have been determined for the normal and a number of the more abundant rare isotopic species of both closed-shell molecules. Theoretical equilibrium (r(e)) structures of H(2)SiS and Si(2)S were derived from coupled-cluster calculations that included triple and quadruple excitations, core correlation, and extrapolation to the basis-set limit. The r(e) structures agree to within 5×10(-4) A? and 0.1(°) with empirical equilibrium (r(e)(emp)) structures derived from the experimental rotational constants, combined with theoretical vibrational and electronic corrections. Both H(2)SiS and Si(2)S are good candidates for radioastronomical detection in the circumstellar shells of evolved carbon-rich stars such as IRC+10216, because they are fairly polar and are similar in composition to the abundant astronomical molecule SiS.     

Zur Bestimmung des Harnstoffs in den Geweben

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Canonical quantization of inhomogeneous strings

The canonical quantization procedure for homogeneous nonrelativistic strings is extended to inhomogeneous strings having nonconstant density and tension, in fixed-, free-, and closed-boundary configurations. The general oscillator expansion form of the Hamiltonian is maintained. Possibilities of harmonic spectra and corresponding interactions are explored.     

Massive gauge theories and the photon

A model containing the massless photon as well as other massive vector mesons is constructed from a gauge-invariant theory of massless vector mesons with scalars transforming under a mixed linear-non-linear group realization, so that one massive scalar also remains finally. A Georgi-Glashow-type Lagrangian in the unitary gauge can be induced by appropriate choice of non-minimal gauge-invariant interactions in the ancestor Lagrangian. It is thus likely that this ancestor Lagrangian, which is non-polynomial, is also renormalizable.