Stimulated emission and multi-peaked absorption in a four level N-type atom

Absorption and refraction of the inner transition F₂\leftrightarrow F₃ of the closed four level N-type atom have been investigated under a weak field. The outer transitions F₁\leftrightarrow F₃ and F₂\leftrightarrow F₄ are resonantly interacted with drive field with frequency \omega_c and Rabi frequency \Omega_c, and saturation field with \Omega_s and \Omega_s, respectively. For the suitable Rabi frequencies \Omega_c and \Omega_s, we obtain the Mollow absorption spectrum of probe field. The reason is that the drive field excites the atom to the upper level F_c and simultaneously the saturation field takes the atom out of the lower level F₂, leading to the stimulated emission. Meanwhile, due to the dynamic energy splitting induced by the drive and saturation fields, the two- and four-peaked absorption spectra are observed. At the zero off-resonance detuning of probe field, we also find the transfer of dispersion from negative to positive with an increment of \Omega_s. Finally, the refractive index enhancement is predicted for a wide spectral region.     

Controlling optical responses through local dielectric resonance in nanometre metallic clusters

Optical responses in dilute composites are controlled through the local dielectric resonance of metallic clusters. We consider two located metallic clusters close to each other with admittances \varepsilon₁ and \varepsilon₂. Through varying the difference admittance ratio \eta [ = (\varepsilon₂- \varepsilon ₀) / (\varepsilon₁- \varepsilon₀)], we find that their optical responses are determined by the local resonance. There is a blueshift of absorption peaks with the increase of \eta. Simultaneously, it is known that the absorption peaks will be redshifted by enlarging the cluster size. By adjusting the nano-metallic cluster geometry, size and admittances, we can control the positions and intensities of absorption peaks effectively. We have also deduced the effective linear optical responses of three-component composites \varepsilon_e= \varepsilon₀ \bigl(1 + \sum_n=1^{n_s} [(\gamma_n2+ \eta \gamma_n2)/({\varepsilon₀(s - s_n))]} \bigr), and the sum rule of cross sections: \sum_n=1^{n_s} {(\gamma_n2+ \eta \gamma_n2 ) = N_h1+ N_h2, where N_h1and N_h2 are the numbers of \varepsilon₁ and \varepsilon₂ bonds along the electric field, respectively. These results may be beneficial to the study of surface plasmon resonances on a nanometre scale.     

System Identification Models of the Equivalent Permittivity for Rain Medium

The dielectric constant for rain medium is investigated by utilizing the system identification method. The rain rate model and frequency model of permittivity in millimeter waves band for rain medium are presented. The results obtained with models are in very good agreement with references in calculating the attenuation of electromagnetic waves induced by rain, which Shows that the obtained models are valid and practicable. The cross-polar discrimination gotten with rain rate model is in agreement with references.     

Estimation of temperature elevation generated by ultrasonic irradiation in biological tissues using the thermal wave method

In most previous models,simulation of the temperature generation in tissue is based on the Pennes bio-heat transfer equation,which implies an instantaneous thermal energy deposition in the medium.Due to the long thermal relaxation time τ(20 s-30 s) in biological tissues,the actual temperature elevation during clinical treatments could be different from the value predicted by the Pennes bioheat equation.The thermal wave model of bio-heat transfer(TWMBT) defines a thermal relaxation time to describe the tissue heating from ultrasound exposure.In this paper,COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a,a finite element method software package,is used to simulate the temperature response in tissues based on Pennes and TWMBT equations.We further discuss different factors in the bio-heat transfer model on the influence of the temperature rising and it is found that the temperature response in tissue under ultrasound exposure is a rising process with a declining rate.The thermal relaxation time inhibits the temperature elevation at the beginning of ultrasonic heating.Besides,thermal relaxation in TWMBT leads to lower temperature estimation than that based on Pennes equation during the same period of time.The blood flow carrying heat dominates most to the decline of temperature rising rate and the influence increases with temperature rising.On the contrary,heat diffusion,which can be described by thermal conductivity,has little effect on the temperature rising.     

Temperature dependent exchange bias effect in polycrystalline BiFeO3/FM (FM = NiFe, Co) bilayers

Extensive studies on the temperature (T) dependent exchange bias effect were carried out in polycrystalline BiFeO₃(BFO)/NiFe and BFO/Co bilayers. In contrast to single-crystalline BFO/ferromagnet (FM) bilayers, sharp increase of the exchange bias field (H _E ) below 50 K were clearly observed in both of these two bilayers. However, when T is higher than 50 K, H _E increases with T and decreases further when T is larger than 230 K (for BFO/NiFe) or 200 K (for BFO/Co), which is similar to those reported in single-crystalline BFO/FM bilayers. After the exploration of magnetic field cooling, the temperature dependent exchange bias can be explained considering two contributions from both the interfacial spin-glass-like frustrated spins and the polycrystalline grains in the BFO layer. Moreover, obvious exchange bias training effect can be observed at both 5 K and room temperature and the corresponding results can be well fitted based on a recently proposed theoretical model taking into account the energy dissipation of the AFM layer.     

一种电流型超导储能脉冲变压器的放电模式

本文针对高温超导电感储能脉冲变压器(HTSPPT)提出了一种振荡放电模式.该模式中HTSPPT的原边绕组电感与电容器组成振荡回路,放电时原边电流通过该振荡回路使电流变化量增加,使得副边绕组感应出更大的电流脉冲.在放电过程中,电容器作为能量转换器件可实现开关的零电压关断,避免了断路开关出现过电压的问题.本文对振荡放电模式的工作原理进行了理论分析,利用一个小型HTSPPT搭建了小型实验系统,成功实现了从电流100A到3.78kA的放大,证明了的该放电模式的可行性.     

金属熔体黏度与结构相关性的分子动力学模拟

运用EAM(embed atom method)作用势，采用非平衡分子动力学模拟获得Al熔体的偶分布函数与黏度数值随温度的变化曲线，偶分布函数的计算结果与实验值符合得较好.对模拟所得到的黏度数据编程实现黏度的Arrhenius公式拟合，得到激活能E.并利用模拟所得到的黏度值及激活能对Lennard-Jones(L-J)作用势进行修正，获得黏度与偶分布函数及原子间相互作用势之间的关系式，两条黏度拟合曲线与分子动力模拟结果符合得比较好，说明拟合程序的编写是比较成功的，实现了对L-J作用势的修正.该研究为金属及合金原子间相互作用势的建立提供了新的思路. 关键词： 非平衡分子动力学模拟 L-J作用势修正 Al熔体 结构与黏度相关性     

应力对La0.83Sr0.17MnO3薄膜输运性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶方法在Si(111)上制备了LSMO(x=0.17)薄膜.研究了块体材料和不同厚度薄膜R -T曲线、红外光谱和X射线衍射.结果表明，LSMO薄膜属于正交晶体结构，薄膜取向与膜厚度 有关，当膜厚度为450nm或680nm时，主要取向〈200〉，而膜厚度为900nm时取向为〈020〉 ：根据离子对相互作用能和谐振子模型，得到了红外吸收与Mn—O—Mn键长和键角关系式，6 00cm^-1附近红外吸收与晶格常数b的变化有关；块体与薄膜的金属—绝缘体转变 温度(T_MI)存在较大差别，薄膜转变温度显著低于块体，并与厚度有一定关系. 认为是LSMO薄膜中的应力诱导了晶格常数变化，引起键角改变及JT效应是转变温度变化的主 要原因. 关键词： 单晶硅 晶格常数 金属—绝缘体转变温度 应力诱导     

Analysis of the Coaxial Ridge-Loaded Helical Groove Waveguide

The coaxial ridge-loaded helical groove waveguide is proposed in this paper. As an all-metal slow-wave circuit, it has advantages of good heat dissipation and great size, and thus is suitable for use of millimeter TWT. By means of field theory, the expressions of the dispersion equation and the coupling impedance of the coaxial ridge-loaded helical groove waveguide are obtained. The influence of various circuit dimensions on the dispersion relation and the coupling impedance is investigated by the results of numerical computation.     

超稳定TO-8型压力传感器在气体导热系数测定实验中的应用

介绍了TO-8型压力传感器的性能及电源电路.以气体导热系数测定实验为例,用TO-8型压力传感器制成的测压装置代替旋转式麦氏真空计,利用可调针孔式放气阀对真空气压进行连续调节,实现了对测试系统真空度的实时监测.