Lightness modification of color image for protanopia and deuteranopia

In multimedia content, colors play important roles in conveying visual information. However, color information cannot always be perceived uniformly by all people. People with a color vision deficiency, such as dichromacy, cannot recognize and distinguish certain color combinations. In this paper, an effective lightness modification method, which enables barrier-free color vision for people with dichromacy, especially protanopia or deuteranopia, while preserving the color information in the original image for people with standard color vision, is proposed. In the proposed method, an optimization problem concerning lightness components is first defined by considering color differences in an input image. Then a perceptible and comprehensible color image for both protanopes and viewers with no color vision deficiency or both deuteranopes and viewers with no color vision deficiency is obtained by solving the optimization problem. Through experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated.     

治疗胃炎伴糜烂蒙药中多种微量元素的ICP-AES法测定

蒙药含有多种氨基酸和丰富的微量元素,特别是人体必需的微量元素含量相对高,而对人体有害的重金属元素含量相对低。采用微波消解ICP-AES法同时测定了治疗胃炎伴糜烂组合蒙药(1#:如达-6、2#:巴特日-7(Ⅱ))中Ca、Mg、Al、Fe、Mn、Sr、Cu、Zn、Pb等15种微量元素。加标回收率在94.9%~106.2%之间,相对标准偏差RSD≤3.2%,检出限在≤0.009μg/L。实验结果表明:1#、2#为不同类型的蒙药,其微量元素含量有所不同。     

BCAT1 promotes osteoclast maturation by regulating branched-chain amino acid metabolism

Branched-chain aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1) transfers the amine group on branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) to alpha-ketoglutarate. This generates glutamate along with alpha-keto acids that are eventually oxidized to provide the cell with energy. BCAT1 thus plays a critical role in sustaining BCAA concentrations and availability as an energy source. Osteoclasts have high metabolic needs during differentiation. When we assessed the levels of amino acids in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) that were undergoing receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, we found that the BCAA levels steadily increase during this process. In vitro analyses then showed that all three BCAAs but especially valine were needed for osteoclast maturation. Moreover, selective inhibition of BCAT1 with gabapentin significantly reduced osteoclast maturation. Expression of enzymatically dead BCAT1 also abrogated osteoclast maturation. Importantly, gabapentin inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss of calvaria in mice. These findings suggest that BCAT1 could serve as a therapeutic target that dampens osteoclast formation.Subject terms: Differentiation, Targeted bone remodelling     

Fabrication of Photoprocessable Materials via Photopolymerization Using an Acid-Induced Photocleavable Platinum-Acetylide Crosslinker

Photopolymerization and photoprocessing are core technologies for molding and tuning polymer materials. However, they are incompatible with single materials owing to their contradictory photoreactivity. Herein, an acid-induced photocleavable crosslinker, a platinum–acetylide complex covered by permethylated cyclodextrins, enables the fabrication of photoprocessable materials via photopolymerization with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide. The polymer networks are molded by 365 nm irradiation as well as softened and degraded by a cooperative reaction with HCl as an acidic additive under 365 nm UV light, or 470 nm visible light in the presence of a photosensitizer. Moreover, the crosslinker is applied to a photoadhesive triggered by 365 nm irradiation. The adhesion is detachable on-demand through acid-induced photodegradation with the same wavelength and intensity of irradiation. Thus, acid-induced photocleavage allows the integration of light-induced molding and processing under various lights of various wavelengths, opening up new strategies for polymer technologies.     

ChemInform Abstract: Azidopentazole is Probably the Lowest-Energy N8 Species - A Theoretical Study.

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