Structural characterization of a mixed-ligand complex of copper(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline and the <Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis>-aminobenzoate ion

A new copper(II) complex of 1,10-phenanthroline (C1₂H₈N₂) and the meta-aminobenzoate ion (m-amb; C₇H₆NO ₂ ^? ), having the formula Cu(C₁₂H₈N₂)(C₇H₆NO₂)Cl?0.5H₂O, is prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure is built up from monomeric units in which the coordination environment around the metal ion is a square plane arising from a bidentate 1,10-phenanthroline molecule, a monodentate m-amb anion, and a chloride ion. A very long (Cu–N = 2.856(5) Å) bond to the nitrogen atom of an adjacent m-amb ion generates [101] polymeric chains in the crystal. The crystal structure is consolidated by N–H???O and O–H???O hydrogen bonds and C–H???O, C–H???Cl, and aromatic π–π stacking interactions. Crystal data: C₁₉H₁₅ClCuN₃O_2.5, M _r = 424.33, monoclinic, P2₁/n (No. 14), a = 9.8200(5) Å, b = 10.9291(7) Å, c = 16.3803(9) Å, β = 105.293(3)°, V = 1695.74(17) ų, Z = 4, R(F) = 0.043, wR(F ²) = 0.122.     

Antibacterial, antifungal, antispasmodic and Ca++ antagonist effects of Caesalpinia bonducella

Caesalpinia bonducella F. (Leguminosae) has been used as a folk medicine for a variety of ailments. The crude extract of C. bonducella and its fractions were studied for antibacterial, antifungal, antispasmodic and Ca++ antagonistic properties. The strongest antibacterial effect was displayed by the n-butanol (72%) and ethyl acetate (80%) fractions, followed by the crude extract (46% and 42%), against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The plant extract and its fractions showed mild to excellent activity in antifungal bioassays, with maximum antifungal activity against Candida glaberata (80%) and Aspergillus flavus (70%) by the n-butanol and chloroform fractions, followed by the crude extract (70% and 65%). Caesalpinia bonducella extract caused concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions of isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, similar to that caused by Verapamil. These results indicate that C. bonducella exhibits antibacterial, antifungal, spasmolytic and Ca++ channel blocking actions.     

Electro-optical Kerr effect in the isotropic phase of the two antiferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures

We have experimentally studied for the first time the electro-optical Kerr effect and the pre-transitional behavior in the isotropic phase of two antiferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures, W-232 and W-204D, composed of rod-like ester molecules exhibiting the direct smectic-A to isotropic (SmA-I) phase transition. The Kerr law has been confirmed for the two compounds and the variation of inverse Kerr constant with temperature above the smectic–isotropic transition temperatures were determined. Both the mixtures with very broad antiferroelectric phase around room temperature have similar sequence of the phases (i.e., Cr-SmC*A-SmC*-SmA-I). Although, the pre-transitional behavior is usually complex in the isotropic phase of the chiral smectic liquid crystal compounds, the investigated compounds showed a similar behavior compared to that of nematic–isotropic behavior.     

Moisture Migration in Wood Under Heating Measured by Thermal Neutron Radiography

The article addresses the transport of moisture due to high-temperature gradients resulting from heating by means of thermal neutron radiography. Moisture migration due to heating is quantified along the orthotropic directions of two wood species, spruce and beech, with high spatial and moisture content resolution. As the heat wave is propagating into the wood, the moisture content in the heated zone rapidly decreases, and moisture is transported due to the high-temperature gradient ahead of the heated zone, resulting in a zone with higher moisture content. Both the drying and the moisture accumulation areas evolve non-uniformly, depending on wood microstructure and orientation.     

Study of the Cumulative Number Distribution of Charged Particles Produced in d<Superscript>12</Superscript>C-Interactions at 4.2 A GeV/c

In this paper the behavior of the cumulative number and also with maximum values of cumulative number distribution of protons, π⁺ and π^?-mesons, have been studied, produced in d¹²C-interctions at 4.2 A GeV/c. The experimental data has been compared with ones coming from the Dubna version of the cascade model. In the analysis we have observed; four different regions in the cumulative number distributions for all charged particle and protons and the last region is corresponding to values of cumulative number greater than 1; for pions number of regions decreased to 2 for π^±-mesons but cumulative area is absent for both mesons. Cascade cannot describe satisfactorily the distributions of the cumulative protons and cumulative π^?+-mesons, it gives less number for the all produced particles. In case of particles with maximum values of cumulative number cascade can describe the behavior of cumulative number distribution well. There exist some events with two cumulative particles which could not describe by the cascade dynamics. May be collective nucleon effect could be reasons of the observation two cumulative particles events.     

Formulation of Isopropyl Isothiocyanate Loaded Nano Vesicles Delivery Systems: In Vitro Characterization and In Vivo Assessment

Isopropyl Isothiocyanate (IPI) is a poorly water-soluble drug used in different biological activities. So, the present work was designed to prepare and evaluate IPI loaded vesicles and evaluated for vesicle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug release, and drug permeation. The selected formulation was coated with chitosan and further assessed for the anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic activity. The prepared IPI vesicles (F3) exhibited a vesicle size of 298 nm ± 5.1, the zeta potential of −18.7 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 86.2 ± 5.3% and PDI of 0.33. The chitosan-coated IPI vesicles (F3C) exhibited an increased size of 379 ± 4.5 nm, a positive zeta potential of 23.5 ± 2.8 mV and encapsulation efficiency of 77.3 ± 4.1%. IPI chitosan vesicle (F3C) showed enhanced mucoadhesive property (2.7 folds) and intestinal permeation (~1.8-fold) higher than IPI vesicles (F3). There was a significant (p < 0.05) enhancement in size, muco-adhesion, and permeation flux achieved after coating with chitosan. The IPI chitosan vesicle (F3C) demonstrated an enhanced bleeding time of 525.33 ± 12.43 s, anti-thrombin activity of 59.72 ± 4.21, and inhibition of platelet aggregation 68.64 ± 3.99%, and anti-platelet activity of 99.47%. The results of the study suggest that IPI chitosan vesicles showed promising in vitro results, as well as improved anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic activity compared to pure IPI and IPI vesicles.     

Kinetics of wetting of a compacted powder by aqueous solutions of surface active agents

Summary The capillary rise of aqueous solutions of anionic wetting agents into a compacted powder of an organic chromium complex is discussed on the basis of the Washburn-Rideal equation expanded to account for the porous structure parameters.At the porosity 1 —/6, corresponding to the loosest packing of monodisperse spheres the penetration rate is found to be mostly governed by the effective tensions operative at the moving three phase line of contact in case no deflocculation intervenes.

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Zusammenfassung Der Kapillaraufstieg wässeriger Lösungen anionischer Netzmittel in gepreßtem Pulver eines organischen Chrom-Komplexes wird durch die erweiterte Gleichung vonWashburn-Rideal wiedergegeben, in der die Parameter der porösen Struktur mit einbezogen werden.Bei der Porosität 1 —/6, die der lockersten Anordnung gleichförmiger Kugeln entspricht, wird die Eindringgeschwindigkeit meistens durch die an der sich bewegenden Dreiphasengrenze wirkenden Grenzflächenspannungen bestimmt, wenn keine Peptisation eintritt.

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Paper presented at the XII Intern. Congr. Fat Research, Milan, September 1974.