Synergies from spreadsheet LP used with the theory of constraints—a case study

This paper describes a case study relating to a food-processing plant. The methods used to address the case include spreadsheets combined with Goldratt's Theory of Constraints (TOC), both of which are accessible to practising managers. The paper demonstrates how standard spreadsheet optimisation tools can be used in combination with a TOC framework to provide effective decision aids. The results from the case study indicate real productivity improvements are possible from even small models of a situation. The paper explores the interrelationships and complementaries between Linear Programming and Theory of Constraints frameworks, and details the steps involved in using them in combination. We argue that traditional LP practice should be modified in light of the ease with which LPs can be solved, and suggest that the Theory of Constraints approach provides a useful framework to guide LP use. We share some of the insights gained both by the analysts and by the company.     

Far-infrared absorption spectra of water vapor H216O and isotopic modifications

Far-infrared absorption spectra of H₂¹⁶O, H₂¹⁸O, H¹⁶OD, H¹⁸OD, D₂¹⁶O, D₂¹⁸O have been observed between 10 and 40 cm^?1 at a resolution of 0.07 cm^?1. Experimental and calculated line positions agree within the accuracy of the experiment (±0.003 cm^?1). The relative intensities of type a and type b transitions of H¹⁶OD and H¹⁸OD are used to estimate the ratio $\text{μ}{}_{\mathrm{a}}\text{μ}{}_{\mathrm{b}}$.     

EVIDENCE FOR HIGH ENERGY STORAGE INTERMEDIATES IN BIOLUMINESCENCE

Abstract— The bioluminescent enzyme from Photobacterium fischeri is normally activated in vifro by reaction with FMNH₂ and O₂. in the presence of a long-chain aldehyde. Emission from enzyme intermediates in this reaction continues for several seconds, and if the mixture is frozen just after initiation of the reaction, this presumptive emission may be delayed until the system is warmed again. Light is then emitted in a fashion analogous to thermo-luminescent emission, with a maximum intensity at — 10°C. The experiments described here show that the total amount of light which is emitted under these conditions no longer depends so much upon aldehyde, a relatively high quantum yield being obtained both with and without aldehyde.
It is further shown that bioluminescence may be activated by light, populating it is believed, the same state which is responsible for the emission in the case of the FMNH₂-induced emission. The light-induced reaction does not depend on flavin in the enzyme preparations, nor does the activation spectrum resemble that of a flavoprotein. Activation may be carried out in the solid state at temperatures down to at least — 100°C, and so does not involve the diffusion of large molecules. It is proposed that energy storage takes place by charge separation, and that the excited state from which emission takes place is associated with charge recombination.     

Hydrozirconation/oxidation of internal olefins a simple synthesis of triacontanol

Hydrozirconation of internal olefins followed by oxidation with anhydrous t-butyl hydroperoxide generates primary alcohols in good yields and high purity.     

Effect of hyperon channels in low-energyK − d scattering

Within the framework of a Faddeev formalism and an implicit hyperon channel approximation, we have calculatedK ^? d elastic, total, and reaction cross sections for incident kaon laboratory momenta up to 120 Mev/c. We have used as input two different (slightly modified) multichannelM matrix fits to low-energy¯KN scattering, each of which contains explicitly theπ Y channels, as well as a single channel representation of the¯KN interaction in which the hyperon channels appear only through their contributions to the imaginary parts of the¯KN scattering lengths. TheK ^? d cross sections obtained with the single channel¯KN input differ by only some 10% from those for which we used the multichannel¯KN input. TheK ^? d cross sections calculated using¯KN input parameters from each of the two separateM matrix fits differ across the entire momentum range investigated by 25–35%.     

Determination of the α parameter for the decay Ξ− → Λπ−

The α parameter for Ξ^? → Λπ^? decay has been determined to be α_Ξ^?=?0.462 ± 0.015, from a sample of 1.5 × 10⁵ events recorded in the CERN SPS hyperon beam. This value is 2.5 standard deviations higher than the current world average.     

Energy dependence of the optical model parameters for 3He ions scattered from 40Ca and 58Ni

The differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of ³He ions on targets of ⁴⁰Ca and ⁵⁸Ni have been measured at incident energies of 27.7, 51.4, 73.2 and 83.5 MeV. The results of optical model analyses showed that only one unique potential (J_R ≈ 330 MeV · fm³) with a surface absorptive term can provide acceptable fits to the large angle elastic scattering cross sections at 83.5 MeV. The particular geometrical set found at 83.5 MeV could not, however, give an adequate fit to the data with energy less than 40 MeV. Subsequent analyses indicated that a break in the energy dependence of the real potential is observed for the low energy data. Explicit energy dependent terms were obtained by fitting all the data simultaneously. These phenomenological potentials were also compared with the folded nucleon-nucleus potential. The influence of the α-particle channels on the elastic scattering of ³He ions at 83.5 MeV was also examined.