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821.
In this paper we consider a complete connected noncompact Riemannian manifold M with bounded geometry and spectral gap. We prove that the Hardy type spaces X k (M), introduced in a previous paper of the authors, have an atomic characterization. An atom in X k (M) is an atom in the Hardy space H 1(M) introduced by Carbonaro, Mauceri, and Meda, satisfying an ??infinite dimensional?? cancellation condition. As an application, we prove that the Riesz transforms of even order $\nabla^{2k} \mathcal{L}^{-k}$ map X k (M) into L 1(T 2k M). 相似文献
822.
The electronic properties of surfaces and buried interfaces can vary considerably in comparison to the bulk. In turn, analyzing bulk properties, without including those of the surface, is understandably challenging. Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) allows the well known ability of photoemission to interrogate the electronic structure of material systems with bulk volume sensitivity. This is achieved by tuning the kinetic energy range of the analyzed photoelectrons in the multi-keV regime. This unique ability to probe truly bulk properties strongly compliments normal photoemission, which generally probes surface electronic structure that is different than the bulk selected examples of HAXPES and possible implications towards the study of complex oxide-based interfaces and highly correlated systems are discussed. 相似文献
823.
An Nd:YVO4 amplifier consisting of two modules end pumped at 808?nm at 30?W total absorbed power has been designed for efficient, diffraction-limited amplification of ultrafast pulses from low-power seeders. We investigated amplification with a 50?mW, 7?ps Nd:YVO4 oscillator, a 2?mW, 15?ps Yb fiber laser, and a 30?mW, 300?fs Nd:glass laser. Output power as high as 9.5?W with 8?ps pulses was achieved with the 250?MHz vanadate seeder, whereas the 20?MHz fiber laser was amplified to 6?W. The femtosecond seeder allowed extracting Fourier-limited 4?ps pulses at 7?W output power. To our knowledge, these are the shortest pulses from any Nd:YVO4 laser device with at least 7?W output power. This suggests a novel approach to exploit the gain bandwidth of vanadate amplifiers with high output power levels. Such amplifier technology promises to offer an interesting alternative to high-power thin disk oscillators at few picoseconds duration, as well as to regenerative amplifiers with low-repetition-rate fiber seeders. 相似文献
824.
Almoro PF Waller L Agour M Falldorf C Pedrini G Osten W Hanson SG 《Optics letters》2012,37(11):2088-2090
A technique for enhanced deterministic phase retrieval using a partially developed speckle field (PDSF) and a spatial light modulator (SLM) is demonstrated experimentally. A smooth test wavefront impinges on a phase diffuser, forming a PDSF that is directed to a 4f setup. Two defocused speckle intensity measurements are recorded at the output plane corresponding to axially-propagated representations of the PDSF in the input plane. The speckle intensity measurements are then used in a conventional transport of intensity equation (TIE) to reconstruct directly the test wavefront. The PDSF in our technique increases the dynamic range of the axial intensity derivative for smooth phase objects, resulting in a more robust solution to the TIE. The SLM setup enables a fast and accurate recording of speckle intensity. Experimental results are in good agreement with those obtained using the iterative phase retrieval and digital holographic methods of wavefront reconstruction. 相似文献
825.
A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users. 相似文献
826.
Emo Chiellini Giancarlo Galli Amino S. Angeloni Michele Laus Maria Chiara Bignozzi Yusuf Yagci Ersin I. Serhatli 《Macromolecular Symposia》1994,77(1):349-358
A new approach to the preparation of two classes of block copolymers containing liquid-crystalline segments is reported. Copolymers 1 and 2 are constituted by polytetrahydrofuran and side-chain liquid-crystalline polymethacrylate blocks, whereas block copolymers 3 consist of polystyrene and main-chain liquid-crystalline polyester blocks. The synthetic procedures leading to copolymers 1-3 are extremely versatile and can be used to prepare a great variety of block copolymer architectures. In both copolymer classes the chemically different blocks are strongly segregated in the solid and melt phases and undergo individual phase transitions. The mesophase transition temperatures of the liquid-crystalline blocks are very similar to those of the corresponding homopolymers, and their enthalpies are directly proportional to the content of the liquid-crystalline block. 相似文献
827.
Arsenic(III), selenium(IV), copper(II), lead(II), cadmium(II), zinc(II) and manganese(II) have been determined in environmental matrices by differential pulse cathodic (DPCSV) and anodic (DPASV) stripping voltammetry. The voltammetric measurements were carried out using a conventional three-electrode cell and the ammonia–ammonium chloride buffer (pH 9.4) as the supporting electrolyte. The analytical procedure was verified by the analysis of the standard reference materials: Sea Water BCR-CRM 403; Lagarosiphon Major BCR-CRM 060; and Cod Muscle BCR-CRM 422. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, and the accuracy, expressed as relative error, were, in all cases, lower than 5%; the detection limits, for each element in the experimental conditions employed, was approximately 10−9 M. The standard addition technique significantly improved the resolution of the voltammetric method, even in the case of very high metal concentration ratios. 相似文献
828.
Salvatore S. Emmi Mila DAngelantonio Giancarlo Beggiato Nadia Camaioni 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》1999,55(5-6):535-539
The triplet state (32T) and the radical cation (2T+√) of 2,2′-bithiophene (2T) are characterized by pulse radiolysis in CCl4. Two main absorption bands at 360 and 420 nm are respectively attributed to 32T* and to 2T+√. The triplet, induced in an excited state through a Förster mechanism, undergoes a conformational rearrangement (k6=(6.8±0.9)×106 s−1). The radical cation is produced both through a resonance charge transfer and a second diffusional process; the two oxidizing species are respectively CCl4+√ and (CCl+3Cl−)solv through the mediation of a singlet excited state, 12T*. 相似文献
829.
830.