Biases in the prime number race of function fields

We derive a formula for the density of positive integers satisfying a certain system of inequality, often referred as prime number races, in the case of the polynomial rings over finite fields. This is a function field analog of the work of Feuerverger and Martin, who established such formula in the number field case, building up on the fundamental work of Rubinstein and Sarnak.     

Identification of137Cs in an individual microparticle by laser desorption/ionization ion trap mass spectrometer

The detection of radiocesium in microparticles was performed by using an ion trap mass spectrometer coupled with laser desorption and ionization. Pulsed laser desorbed particle and the resulted ions were analyzed by an ion trap mass analyzer. The presence of radiocesium, especially about¹³⁷Cs, in microparticles was verified by single as well as successive particle analysis. The detection limit was reached to ≈ag/particle level with a signal-to-background ratio of 4. The inhomogeneous distribution of particle size and the irregular shapes of particle limit the quantitative evaluation of¹³⁷Cs concentration in the microparticle. But this high sensitivity allows to monitor directly the radiocesium from small amounts of a microparticle sample.     

Thin layer gas electrode and its application to measurement of dissolved oxygen

A novel thin layer cell equipped with thin layer gas electrode (TLGE) was studied as electrochemical gas sensor for the measurement of dissolved oxygen in water or aqueous solutions. The working electrode (TLGE) is a hydrophobic gas diffusing electrode placed between the cell electrolyte and the solution to be tested. The hydrophobic pores in TLGE serve as a gas chamber. After the sampling period, in which the partial pressure of dissolved oxygen in test solution becomes in equilibrium with that in the gas chamber, the TLGE is polarized with square wave or linear potential signal. Then the Faradaic charge (Q) consumed in depletion of the oxygen contained in pores of TLGE is measured. The main merits of this system are good linearity between the partial pressure of dissolved oxygen in test solution and Q, low zero-reading, negligible liquid-gas difference, convenient calibration and very low temperature coefficient (ca. 0.5%/°C). This technique can also be applied to the measurement of oxygen partial pressure in gas phases.     

A.第十九届国际高速摄影和光子学会议概况

本文对第19届国际高速摄影与光子学会议做了简介,主要谈到了光机式相机、高速视频技术、全息和干涉计量。     

Forced-convection film condensation on a horizontal cylinder with wavy surface structure

The forced-convection film condensation on a horizontal cylinder with wavy surface structure was performed by boundary-layer-approximation. The local/mean heat fluxes were obtained for the effects of tube temperature, wave number, and wave amplitude. The mean heat flux increases with decreasing wavy amplitude and tube temperatures. Furthermore, when β = 20 and α = 0.005, the mean heat flux slightly increases from 1.1 to 3.6% compared with that of smooth tube, depending on tube temperature.     

Study of Internal Linear Inductively Coupled Plasma Source for Ultra Large-Scale Flat Panel Display Processing

An internal-type linear inductive antenna, which is referred to as “double comb-type antenna”, was used as a large-area inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source with a substrate area of 2,300 mm × 2,000 mm. The characteristics of the ICP source were investigated for potential applications to flat panel display (FPD) processing. The source showed higher power transfer efficiency at higher RF power and higher operating pressures. The power transfer efficiency was approximately 88.1% at 9 kW of RF power and a pressure of 20 mTorr Ar. This source showed increasing plasma density and improved plasma uniformity with increasing RF power at a given operating pressure. A plasma density >1.5 × 10¹¹/cm³ and a plasma uniformity of approximately 11% was obtained at 9 kW of RF power and 15 mTor Ar using this internal ICP source, which is applicable to FPD processing.     

聚丙烯酸修饰咔唑的电化学聚合及表征

合成了侧链带有咔唑的N-丙烯酰氧己基咔唑(MACZ),通过自由基聚合得到聚N-丙烯酰氧己基咔唑(PMACZ),在四氢呋喃含10%三氟化硼乙醚与四氟化硼四丁基胺的混合电解质溶液中,直接阳极氧化PMACZ获得自支撑交联网状的聚(聚N-丙烯酰氧己基咔唑)(PPMACZ)薄膜.PPMACZ薄膜具有良好的氧化还原性和热稳定性,电导率为1.34×10-5S·cm-1.1HNMR和红外光谱表明PMACZ二次聚合反应发生在咔唑单元的3,6位上,荧光光谱表明PPMACZ薄膜是一种良好的蓝色发光材料.     

Synthesis of reversible fluorescent organogel containing 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole: fluorescence enhancement upon gelation and detecting property for nerve gas simulant

A new low molecular mass organogelator 1 containing 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HPB) group with long alkyl chain was synthesized by the reaction with 5-amino-2-(2′-hydroxy-4′-methylphenyl)benzoxazole and dodecyl isocyanate in THF at room temperature. The reversible gelation ability of 1 was investigated using a heating-cooling method in various organic solvents. The stable organogel was formed from carbon tetrachloride or from cyclohexane at the concentration as low as 0.9%. The self-assembled supramolecular gel structure formed by non-covalent bonding was confirmed with field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) exhibiting fibril- or ribbon-shaped structure depending on the solvent used. Regarding the aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) phenomenon, the optical properties were investigated in its solution and gelled state. The detecting properties of resulting organogel toward nerve gas simulant were monitored by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Both color change from colorless to greenish yellow and disruption of gel structure resulting from alteration in intermolecular forces were observed upon the exposure to nerve gas simulant.