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981.
Preparation of trans-[Mo6Cl8]Cl4Br22? Starting from Crystalline [Mo6Cl8]Cl4(H2O)2 and Crystal Structure of [(C6H5)4As]2[Mo6Cl8]Cl4Br2 The synthesis of the title compound is successful if the crystallized [(Mo6Cl8)Cl4(H2O)2] containing the H2O molecules in trans-position reacts with HBr + [(C6H5)4As]Br in ethanol in a heterogeneous reaction. The X-ray structure investigation confirms the existence of discrete trans-Br-substituted cluster anions of composition [(Mo6Cl8)Cl4Br2]2? in the crystal. The reaction in homogeneous solutions proceeds to Br-enriched compounds. [(C6H5)4As]2[(Mo6Cl8)Cl4Br2] crystallizes in the triclinic space group P¯1 with a = 11.071(2), b = 11.418(2), c = 12.813(2) Å, α = 116.10(2), β = 95.27(2) and γ = 94.41(2)° (?133°C). The crystal structure at ?133°C was determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data (R1 = 0.026). The [(Mo6Cl8)Cl4Br2]2?-anions are not completely ordered but distributed statistically among the three positions which are possible within the limits of the ordered [Mo6Cl8]-cores (ratio 11:5:4). The frameworks of the anions consist of Mo6 cluster units with (slightly distorted) octahedral arrangement of the metal atoms (d(Mo? Mo): 2.600(1) up to 2.614(1) Å), which are coordinated by the halogeno ligands in a square-pyramidal manner. The details of the structure will be discussed and compared with similar [(Mo6X8)Y4] cluster units (X, Y ? Cl, Br). 相似文献
982.
983.
Blends of petroleum products are usually made from fractions which contain preponderantly the same compounds. Only the relative abundances vary. A calculation of the contribution of each blended fraction is theoretically possible with the aid of the gas Chromatographic elution curve even though resolution is uniformly poor in such complex systems. An elementary mathematical analysis is made to show what conditions must maintain. Experimental evidence is presented to indicate that the necessary conditions can be realized for petroleum blends. Binary mixtures of complex fractions may be analyzed with an accuracy of better than 10% and only normal attention to detail need be observed. 相似文献
984.
Treatment of tetramethoxysilane with glycolic acid and morpholine (molar ratio 1:3:2) in methanol, followed by crystallization from methanol/tetrahydrofuran, yielded morpholinium mer-tris[glycolato(2-)-O(1),O(2)]silicate (mer-7). Treatment of benzilic acid with sodium hydride, followed by addition of tetrachlorosilane and triethylamine (molar ratio 3:4:1:2), afforded, after crystallization from 1,4-dioxane/acetonitrile/diethyl ether/n-pentane, triethylammonium fac-tris[benzilato(2-)-O(1),O(2)]silicate-hemi-1,4-dioxane (fac-8.(1)/(2)C(4)H(8)O(2)). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies showed that the Si-coordination polyhedra of the hexacoordinate silicon(IV) complexes mer-7 and fac-8.(1)/(2)C(4)H(8)O(2) are distorted octahedra. Both compounds were additionally characterized by solid-state VACP/MAS NMR studies ((13)C, (29)Si), and fac-8.(1)/(2)C(4)H(8)O(2) was studied in solution by (1)H, (13)C, and (29)Si NMR experiments. The structural investigations were complemented by computational studies (MP2 studies, TZP level) of the dianions of fac-7 and mer-7. 相似文献
985.
J. D. Petke Gerald M. Maggiora Lester L. Sipman Ralph E. Christoffersen 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1981,33(5):663-671
Abstract— Ab initio configuration interaction wavefunctions and energies are reported for 19 doublet states of the anion radical of ethyl bacteriochlorophyllide a (Et-BChl a˙), and are employed in a resolution of the electronic absorption spectrum, as well as in a comparison with a previously reported study of the electronic states and spectrum of the anion radical of ethyl bacteriopheophorbide a (Et-BPheo a˙). The lowest two excited doublet states, D1 and D2, of Et-BChl a˙ are found to be approximately degenerate and are predicted to contribute to the experimentally observed absorption at 10000 cm?1. In contrast, the D2←D0 transition in Et-BPheo a˙ is predicted to contribute to the 11000 cm?1 absorption, while the D1←D0 transition appears at approximately 8600 cm?1 with a low oscillator strength (f= 0.002). The prominent visible absorption at ~15700 cm?1 in both molecules is found to be due to the D4← D0 transition. Another difference between the predicted spectra of the two molecules appears in the low-energy shoulder of the Soret band. Here, two intense transitions, D10←D0 and D11←D0, are predicted for Et-BChl a˙, as opposed to three fairly intense transitions, D7←D0, D8←D0 and D9←D0, for Et-BPheo a˙, differences which may provide a means of distinguishing between the two molecules using resonance Raman spectroscopy. The remainder of the Soret band of Et-BChl a˙ above 26000 cm?1 consists of a number of closely-spaced transitions to states D12←D18. The intense transitions D12←D0, D13←D0, D14←D0 are predicted to contribute to the Soret maximum near 30000 cm?1. The ground state spin densities of the two molecules are similar, with the minor difference of somewhat less spin density located on the methine carbon atoms of Et-BChl a˙ compared with Et-BPheo a˙. 相似文献
986.
Ahmad Rouhollahi Mohammad Reza Ganjali Abolghasem Moghimi Gerald W. Buchanan Mojtaba Shamsipur 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1999,33(4):361-376
A synthetic procedure has been developed for the preparation of 4-carboxy-benzo-30-crown-10. The formation of Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ and Tl+ complexes with the large crown ether was investigated conductometrically in acetonitrile solution at various temperatures. The formation constants of the resulting 1:1 complexes were determined from the molar conductance-mole ratio data. It was found that the stability of the complexes vary in the order Tl+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+ > Na+. The data obtained in this study support the existence of a wrap around structure for the above complexes in solution. The enthalpy and entropy of complexation reactions were determined from the temperature dependence of the formation constants. In all cases, the complexes were enthalpy stabilized but entropy destabilized. The resulting TS° vs. H°plot showed a fairly good linear correlation, indicating the existence of an entropy-enthalpy compensation in the large crown complexation reactions. 相似文献
987.
An ultraviolet spectrophotometric method is presented for the détermination of milligram quantities of osmium in solutions of uranyl sulphate. Osmium is first oxidised to the octovalent state and the osmium tetroxide which is formed, is selectively extracted with chloroform. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum'of osmium tetroxide in chloroform has a series of absorption bands with peak absorbancies at 282, 289, 297, 304 and 312 mμ and molar absorbancy indexes of 1870, 1760,1640, 1400 and 1000, respectively. For each wavelength, the optimum concentration range for the determination of osmium was evaluated. From 0.4 to 3.3 mg of osmium can be determined with a coefficient of variation of 3%. Of the elements tested only chloride and octovalent ruthenium interfere; however, both of these interferences can be eliminated. 相似文献
988.
A method has been developed for the spectrophotometric determination of microgram quantities of osmium in uranyl sulphate solutions. The osmium is oxidised to osmium tetroxide, then extracted with chloroform. The extracts are added to an ethanolic solution of 1:5-diphenylcarbohydrazide. A blue-violet coloured reaction product is formed which exhibits maximum absorbancy at 560 mμ. After a period of 2 hr for colour development the molar absorbancy index is about 31,000. Beer's law is adhered to over a range of 30 to 100 μg of osmium with a coefficient of variation of about 4%. A study was made of the effects of foreign substances and only chloride and octovalent ruthenium were found to interfere. Both of these interfering ions can be eliminated. 相似文献
989.
990.
Sahre K Eichhorn KJ Günther M Suchaneck G Gerlach G 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(2):396-401
Thin polyimide (PI) and polyethersulfone (PES) films are widely used as functional layers for microelectronic sensors. Ion implantation modifies the layer structure and morphology of these polymers and hence results in new mechanical and optical properties. However, ion-modified layers also show a change in sensitivity to moisture uptake under specific conditions. This is important for developing humidity sensors. Therefore, the water sorption ability of such modified polymer layers is studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry under definite relative humidity conditions (1–95%). Swelling data were obtained by fitting procedures based on changes of effective layer thickness and optical constants due to water uptake. Irradiation doses from 0.5 to 5×1015 B+ cm–2 at an energy of 180 keV were used for polymer modification. At irradiation doses from 0.5 to 0.7×1015 B+ cm–2, the maximum out-of-plane swelling is reached. At higher doses >2×1015 B+ cm–2, the swelling decreases and corresponds to values of the pure polymer layers. The wetting properties of the layer surfaces determined by contact angle measurements are important to explain this behavior. 相似文献