波纹管对超导电缆出口液氮温度的影响

建立了30米长高温超导电缆的二维模型,利用Fluent软件对该模型进行仿真分析。在该模型中,采用波纹管恒温器,分析了波纹管的波距、波高等因素对出口液氮温度的影响。结果表明:在相同的热负荷及流量下,波纹管的波距越小,波高越大,出口液氮温度越高。超导电缆波纹管内液氮温度模拟,为低温冷却系统的优化设计提供理论依据。     

聚丙烯孔洞铁电驻极体膜的电极化及其电荷动态特性

根据栅控恒压电晕充电组合反极性电晕补偿充电法的实验结果计算出铁电驻极体的极化强度.结果说明，伴随着薄膜内孔洞气体的Paschen击穿，该铁电体的极化强度随栅压增加而显著上升.利用上述充电方法和热刺激放电(TSD)谱的分析讨论了这类空间电荷型宏观电偶极子，及与其补偿的空间电荷热退极化的电荷动态特性；阐明了这两类俘获电荷的能阱分布，即构成宏观电偶极子的位于孔洞上下介质层内的等值异号空间电荷分别被俘获在深、浅两种能值陷阱内，而位于薄膜表面层的注入空间电荷则被俘获在中等能值陷阱中. 关键词： 反极性电晕补偿充电法 铁电驻极体 充电电流 热刺激放电     

简并光学参量振荡器混沌反控制

提出一种实现简并光学参量振荡器混沌反控制的方法，用正弦信号调制简并光学参量振荡器的基模衰减率，使简并光学参量振荡器从定态输出转化为混沌态.数值模拟结果表明，选择不同的调制幅度和调制角频率，只要满足系统的最大李雅谱诺夫指数大于零，即可实现不同的混沌轨道重构.通过比较最大李雅谱诺夫指数λ_max随调制幅度和调制角频率变化曲线， 指出系统从周期态调制到混沌态比从无亚谐波输出的定态调制到混沌态更容易，有更宽的调制幅度和调制角频率选择范围. 关键词： 简并光学参量振荡器 混沌反控制 调制     

火灾烟雾颗粒凝并分形特性研究

火灾烟雾颗粒因布朗运动由初期的主粒子凝并形成大颗粒的凝团结构，其外形呈现出分形特征，根据分形理论对火灾烟雾颗粒凝团结构进行分析研究，采用场发射扫描电镜对多种材料的烟雾颗粒图像进行测试，通过对烟雾凝团图像进行处理，获得了火灾探测中常见的多种材料的分形维数和分形系数，给出了烟雾颗粒的主粒子粒径，并对其影响因素进行了对比分析，为火灾烟雾探测中颗粒凝并分形特性研究提供有益的探索. 关键词： 火灾 烟雾 颗粒 凝并 分形     

分辨率为1pm的波长监测新方法

在亚毫米尺度金属包覆波导研究基础上，提出了一种波长监测的新方法.实验采用自由空间耦合技术，激发了波导中对波长变化十分灵敏的超高阶导模，并以此为探针，实现了1pm波长漂移的监测. 关键词： 波长监测 金属包覆波导 超高阶导模     

Formation of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films from polymer pyrolysis

Free-standing and supported hydrogenated amorphous carbon films (a:C–H) were prepared upon pyrolysis of the polymer formed by ethanolamine (EA) and citric acid (CA), under an ambient atmosphere at 300 °C. EA facilitates the formation of the macroscopic films, while CA is essential for obtaining the a:C–H microstructure, which comprises a mixture of sp² and sp³ carbon. Received: 29 May 2001 / Accepted: 17 August 2001 / Published online: 20 December 2001     

Quantum Cosmology in CGBD Theory

We apply the theory developed in quantum cosmology to a model of charged generalized Brans–Dicke gravity. This is a quantum model of gravitation interacting with a charged Brans–Dicke type scalar field which is considered in the Pauli frame. The Wheeler–DeWitt equation describing the evolution of the quantum Universe is solved in the semiclassical approximation by applying the WKB approximation. The wave function of the Universe is also obtained by applying both the Vilenkin-like and the Hartle–Hawking-like boundary conditions. We then make predictions from the wave functions and infer that the Vilenkin's boundary condition is more reasonable in the Brans–Dicke gravity models leading a large vacuum energy density at the beginning of the inflation.     

Stationary turbulent closure via the Hopf functional equation

Exact closed-form solutions are exhibited for the Hopf equation for stationary incompressible 3D Navier-Stokes flow, for the cases of homogeneous forced flow (including a solution with depleted nonlinearity) and inhomogeneous flow with arbitrary boundary conditions. This provides an exact method for computing two- and higher-point moments, given the mean flow.