Chemie und Science Fiction

Modern Science Fiction has developed to a mirror of progress in science and technics. At the same time, this literal form leads to undesirable developments, frequently in the drug scene, and lapses into the areas of fantasy and satire. Will Science Fiction be able, now and in future, to make young people enthusiastic about studies of chemistry?     

A high resolution ESCA instrument with X-ray monochromator for gases and solids

A new ESCA instrument with a fine-focussing X-ray monochromator, a high power electron gun, a rotating anode and a computerized multi-detector system is described. The instrument is suitable for the study of both solids and gases. The improved performance of the instrument is illustrated by a number of new spectra. Thus, spectra of gold, neon, methane, air, trifluoroacetate, thiophene and carbonyl sulphide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, benzene and trithiapentalene are reported.     

New developments in ESCA-instrumentation

The different components of an ESCA-system are analyzed theoretically and conditions of optimum performance are used as basis for the design of differe     

ESCA studies of CO2, CS2 and COS

The core level electron spectra of CO₂, CS₂ and COS excited by Mg Kα radiation have been studied to identify shake-up satellite lines associated with ionization from these levels. A number of such lines have been seen and possible assignments have been suggested using the excited states of the molecule as a guide. The valence spectra have also been recorded and they too were found to be rich in shake-up structure. The observed variation of the valence line intensities is discussed and compared with predictions made from an intensity model. The validity of distinguishing between π and σ symmetries in linear molecules in applying the intensity model is confirmed.     

Correlation of ESCA shifts and Hammett substituent constants in substituted benzene derivatives

ESCA shifts of substituted benzene derivatives are shown to correlate with Hammett σ constants. An explanation of this correlation is given in terms of the thermodynamic model for core electron binding energy shifts, and it is shown that ESCA shifts in benzene derivatives can be treated as a linear free energy relationship.