甲醇水蒸汽催化重整过程的研究进展

甲醇水蒸汽重整是车载燃料电池较为理想的氢源,其中选择合适的催化剂又是重整反应的一个关键问题.本文综述了应用于甲醇水蒸汽重整反应的常用催化剂,如含Cu、Ni、Cr、Pd等,包括这些催化剂的催化性能、反应条件、产物分析等,并对部分催化剂的催化机理和动力学分析进行了概述.另外,还简要地介绍了应用于氧化水蒸汽重整反应的催化剂。     

1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与碱土金属硝酸盐的荧光固态配合物的合成及性质

以1,8-萘啶氮氧化物为配体的金属寓子配合物尚未见文献报道,继1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与镧系金属离子的配合物合成之后,我们又合成了1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与碱土金属硝酸盐的荧光固态配合物,并对其性质进行亍研究。     

[Sc(NO_3)_3(H_2O)_2]·(B15C5)的合成、性质和结构

在乙腈介质中培养出硝酸钪和苯并-15-冠-5形成的配合物单晶[Sc(NO_3),(H_2O)_2)。(B15C5),对其进行了熔点、元素分析、红外光谱、摩尔电导等方面的鉴定。X射线结构分析表明,该晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P2_(1/n),晶胞参数为:α=9.405(6),b=15.569(8),c=15.896(2),β=95.92(1)°,V=2315.5~3,,Z=4,D_c=1.53g/cm~3,D_0=1.54g/cm~3。Sc(Ⅲ)离子同三个双齿硝酸根和两个水分子配位,构成八配位的配合物,并通过氢键与冠醚形成分子缔合物。     

人工干预的傅立叶变换红外光谱差减技术在大气毒物分析中应用

采用人工干预的傅立叶变换红外光谱差减技术对混合气体中大气毒物进行定量分析，并对其实验条件进行了详细研究和优化，误差在８％以内。同最小二乘法、因子分析法相比，本法无需知道样品全部定性信息，即可进行定量。     

毛细管电色谱柱制备技术的进展

介绍了毛细管电色谱开管柱、填充柱和整体柱的各种制备技术及其优势与不足,特别是对于近期发展的毛细管电色谱整体柱的制备方法及其应用进行了系统综述。引用文献100篇。     

Studies on the Phase Properties of Winsor I-III Type Microemulsions with Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable,isotropic mixtures of water,oil,surfactant and cosurfactant that exhibit wide variety of microstructure.Winsor identified four general types of phase equilibria:Type I(O/W),II(W/O),III(B.C.)and IV(isotropic micellar solution)1.Type I and II are two-phase systems,type III a three-phase system,and type IV a single-phase system.Depending on surfactant type and sample environment,types I,II,III or IV form preferentially,the dominant type bein…     

Effect of La2Zr2O7-buffered YSZ substrate on YBa2Cu3Oy thin films by chemical solution deposition

Epitaxial YBa₂Cu₃O_y (YBCO) thin films have been fabricated by chemical solution deposition (CSD) on La₂Zr₂O₇-buffered YSZ single crystal substrate, where the buffer layer has three kinds of morphology – flat surface, rough surface and pore surface. The effect of LZO buffer layer’s roughness on the YBCO films was evaluated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and temperature-dependent resistivity measurements. The flat surface of LZO layer is beneficial to highly epitaxial YBCO films and high critical current density.     

Strong aggregation and directional assembly of aromatic oligoamide macrocycles

Aromatic oligoamide macrocycles exhibit strong preference for highly directional association. Aggregation happens in both nonpolar and polar solvents but is weakened as solvent polarity increases. The strong, directional assembly is rationalized by the cooperative action of dipole-dipole and π-π stacking interactions, leading to long nanotubular assemblies that are confirmed by SEM, TEM, AFM, and XRD. The persistent nanotubular assemblies contain non-collapsible hydrophilic internal pores that mediate highly efficient ion transport observed with these macrocycles and serve as cylindrical sites for accommodating guests such as metal ions.     

Luminescent organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on lanthanide containing ionic liquids and sylilated β-diketone

In this work, we report the luminescent organic–inorganic hybrid materials prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of sylilated β-diketone under acid conditions in the presence of carboxyl-functionalized ionic liquid in which Eu³⁺ ions are coordinated to the oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups from the ionic liquids. The obtained materials were characterized with FT-IR, TG and photoluminescence spectroscopy. FT-IR spectra imply that Eu³⁺ ions are still coordinated to the ionic liquid in the hybrid materials. Excitation and emission spectra demonstrate that the energy transfer occurs from the β-diketone molecules covalently bonded with silica to Eu³⁺ ions. The Eu³⁺ (⁵D₀) quantum efficiency value of the hybrid materials has been estimated based on the emission spectrum and the value of lifetime. A large value of ratio (16.44) between the intensities of the ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ and ⁵D₀→⁷F₁ transition and high value of ⁵D₀ quantum efficiency (51.01%) are obtained.     

CONTINUOUS ABSORPTION OF TOLUENE VAPOR BY MICELLAR SOLUTIONS AND THE RESULTING MICROEMULSIONS

ABSTRACT

Microemulsions consisting of AOT-H₂O-toluene-hexyl carbitol (HC) or butyl carbitol (BC) were investigated in relation to the relative vapor pressure of toluene (P/P_o). The microemulsions generally revealed high (P/P_o). The relatively lower (P/P_o) was only obtained from those containing 10% and 15% AOT at higher levels of HC and BC respectively. From the linear plot of (P/P_o) against the volume fraction of toluene, the transition from micellar solution to microemulsion was evident. This transition phenomenon was also observed in the continuous absorption of toluene vapor. It was concluded chat the microemulsions studied were not efficient in scrubbing toluene vapor, but they were much more effective than their respective micellar solutions.