The Armstrong model of the Schuknecht gel foam and wire prosthesis was tested in the magnetic field of a 1.5 Tesla magnet. The wire component of the prosthesis was found to be non-magnetic. Patients with this prosthesis can therefore undergo MRI examination safely. Two previous articles from the non radiologic literature concerning the magnetic properties of metallic middle ear prostheses are reviewed. 相似文献
Aquaporin is a family of small membrane-proteins that are capable of transporting nano-sized materials. In the present paper, we investigate the structure of these channels and provide information about the mechanism of individual molecules being encapsulated into aquaglyceroporin (GlpF) and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) channels by calculating the potential energy. In particular, we presents a mathematical model to determine the total potential energy for the interaction of the ammonia and nitric oxide molecules and different aquaporin channels which we assume to have a symmetrical cylindrical structure. We propose to describe these interactions in two steps. Firstly, we model the nitrogen atom as a discrete point and secondly, we model the three hydrogen atoms on the surface of a sphere of a certain radius. Then, we find the total potential energy by summing these interactions. Next, by considering the nitric oxide molecule as two discrete atoms uniformly distributed interacting with GlpF and AQP1 channels then gathering all pairs of interaction to determine the potential energy. Our results show that the ammonia and nitric oxide molecules can be encapsulated into both GlpF and AQP1 channels. 相似文献
In this paper we develop a data-driven hierarchical clustering methodology to group the economic sectors of a country in order to highlight strongly coupled groups that are weakly coupled with other groups. Specifically, we consider an input-output representation of the coupling among the sectors and we interpret the relation among sectors as a directed graph; then we recursively apply the spectral clustering methodology over the graph, without a priori information on the number of groups that have to be obtained. In order to do this, we resort to the eigengap criterion, where a suitable number of groups is selected automatically based on the intensity and structure of the coupling among the sectors. We validate the proposed methodology considering a case study for Italy, inspecting how the coupling among clusters and sectors changes from the year 1995 to 2011, showing that in the years the Italian structure underwent deep changes, becoming more and more interdependent, i.e., a large part of the economy has become tightly coupled. 相似文献
NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid) is a widely known agonist for a class of glutamate receptors, the NMDA type. Synthetic NMDA elicits
very strong activity for the induction of hypothalamic factors and hypophyseal hormones in mammals. Moreover, endogenous NMDA
has been found in rat, where it has a role in the induction of GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) in the hypothalamus,
and of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and PRL (Prolactin) in the pituitary gland. 相似文献
Poly(mandelic acid) (PMA) is an aryl analogue of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a biodegradable analogue of polystyrene. The preparation of stereoregular PMA was realized using a pyridine/mandelic acid adduct (Py?MA) as an organocatalyst for the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of the cyclic O‐carboxyanhydride (manOCA). Polymers with a narrow polydispersity index and excellent molecular‐weight control were prepared at ambient temperature. These highly isotactic chiral polymers exhibit an enhancement of the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) of 15 °C compared to the racemic polymer, suggesting potential future application as high‐performance commodity and biomedical materials. 相似文献
Against the practical context of thermal straightening, hair samples were obtained with a chemical (bleaching) as well as a cumulative thermal history (0–800 s, 200 °C). On these samples, tensile testing and DSC analysis, both in the wet state, were conducted to obtain the elastic moduli Ew as well as denaturation temperatures TD and enthalpies ΔHD. 3D plots show overall linearity for the relationships between the parameters for natural hair. For bleached hair, pronounced nonlinearities develop beyond 300 s of thermal treatment. At this stage, TD as well as Ew approaches limiting values, consistent with the state of a highly cross-linked, thermoset polymer. 2D projections are used to investigate the correlations between pairs of parameters. The results show that bleaching imparts a specific sensitivity for thermal damage, namely, to the matrix proteins, which more readily than the intermediate filaments (IF) turn into a thermoset. Overall, correlations between parameters hold well prior to the thermoset range. It is thus suggested that tensile testing to determine the elastic modulus and DSC come to consistent and equivalent results, at least, for the current experimental context. However, while Ew combines contributions of IFs and matrix, DSC differentiates the specific property changes of these components.
Soluble propene/ethene/CO terpolymers (EPEC) with ultrahigh molecular weight (up to 1.2 × 106 g/mol) were prepared by the use of dicationic palladium(II) phosphine catalysts and an optimized amount of water as activator. When the molar ratio of ethene/CO to propene/CO is below 50 mol-%, the terpolymers are thermoplastic elastomers with excellent properties. Above this ratio the terpolymers are crystalline thermoplastics. The ultrahigh molecular weight elastomers are highly soluble in organic solvents such as CH2Cl2 and CHCl3. 相似文献
In this short review, we highlight the advancements in the field of palladium-catalyzed carbon dioxide utilization for the synthesis of high value added organic molecules. The review is structured on the basis of the kind of substrate undergoing the Pd-catalyzed carboxylation process. Accordingly, after the introductory section, the main sections of the review will illustrate Pd-catalyzed carboxylation of olefinic substrates, acetylenic substrates, and other substrates (aryl halides and triflates). 相似文献