全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2235篇 |
免费 | 99篇 |
国内免费 | 30篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1362篇 |
晶体学 | 12篇 |
力学 | 63篇 |
数学 | 550篇 |
物理学 | 377篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 62篇 |
2020年 | 54篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 51篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 80篇 |
2015年 | 94篇 |
2014年 | 96篇 |
2013年 | 146篇 |
2012年 | 153篇 |
2011年 | 149篇 |
2010年 | 109篇 |
2009年 | 97篇 |
2008年 | 139篇 |
2007年 | 125篇 |
2006年 | 123篇 |
2005年 | 109篇 |
2004年 | 88篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 71篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1956年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有2364条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
112.
Paulina Misztak Magdalena Sowa-Kuma Patrycja Paczyszyn-Trzewik Bernadeta Szewczyk Gabriel Nowak 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(1)
Chronic stress is the key factor contributing to the development of depressive symptoms. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) is well validated and is one of the most commonly used models to induce depressive-like behavior in rodents. The present study aimed to evaluate whether fluoxetine (FLU 5 mg/kg) and zinc (Zn 10mg/kg) given simultaneously induce a more pronounced antidepressant-like effect in the CRS model than both those compounds given alone. Behavioral assessment was performed using the tail suspension and splash tests (TST and ST, respectively). Furthermore, the effects of CRS, FLU and Zn given alone and combined treatment with FLU + Zn on the expression of proteins involved in the apoptotic, inflammatory, and epigenetic processes were evaluated in selected brain structures (prefrontal cortex, PFC; and hippocampus, Hp) using Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results obtained indicated that three hours (per day) of immobilization for 4 weeks induced prominent depressive symptoms that manifested as increased immobility time in the TST, as well as decreased number and grooming time in the ST. Behavioral changes induced by CRS were reversed by both FLU (5 and 10 mg/kg) or Zn (10 mg/kg). Zinc supplementation (10 mg/kg) slightly increases the effectiveness of FLU (5 mg/kg) in the TST. However, it significantly increased the activity of FLU in the ST compared to the effect induced by FLU and Zn alone. Biochemical studies revealed that neither CRS nor FLU and Zn given alone or in combined treatment alter the expression of proteins involved in apoptotic or inflammatory processes. CRS induced major alterations in histone deacetylase (HDAC) levels by increasing the level of HADC1 and decreasing the level of HADC4 in the PFC and Hp, decreasing the level of HADC6 in the PFC but increasing it in Hp. Interestingly, FLU + Zn treatment reversed CRS-induced changes in HDAC levels in the Hp, indicating that HDAC modulation is linked to FLU + Zn treatment and this effect is structure-specific. 相似文献
113.
Raluca Pele Gabriel Marc Anca Stana Ioana Ionu Cristina Nastas Brîndua Tiperciuc Ilioara Oniga Adrian Pîrnu Laurian Vlase Ovidiu Oniga 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(8)
Considering the important damage caused by the reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species in the human organism, the need for new therapeutic agents, with superior efficacy to the known natural and synthetic antioxidants, is crucial. Quinazolin-4-ones are known for their wide range of biological activities, and phenolic compounds display an important antioxidant effect. Linking the two active pharmacophores may lead to an increase of the antioxidant activity. Therefore, we synthesized four series of new hybrid molecules bearing the quinazolin-4-one and phenol scaffolds. Their antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro, considering different possible mechanisms of action: hydrogen atom transfer, ability to donate electrons and metal ions chelation. Theoretical quantum and thermodynamical calculations were also performed. Some compounds, especially the ortho diphenolic ones, exerted a stronger antioxidant effect than ascorbic acid and Trolox. 相似文献
114.
Nucleation and Growth Synthesis of Siloxane Gels to Form Functional,Monodisperse, and Acoustically Programmable Particles
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
C. Wyatt Shields IV Danping Sun Dr. Kennita A. Johnson Korine A. Duval Aura V. Rodriguez Dr. Lu Gao Prof. Paul A. Dayton Prof. Gabriel P. López 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(31):8070-8073
Nucleation and growth methods offer scalable means of synthesizing colloidal particles with precisely specified size for applications in chemical research, industry, and medicine. These methods have been used to prepare a class of silicone gel particles that display a range of programmable properties and narrow size distributions. The acoustic contrast factor of these particles in water is estimated and can be tuned such that the particles undergo acoustophoresis to either the pressure nodes or antinodes of acoustic standing waves. These particles can be synthesized to display surface functional groups that can be covalently modified for a range of bioanalytical and acoustophoretic sorting applications. 相似文献
115.
Molecular Salt Effects in the Gas Phase: Tuning the Kinetic Basicity of [HCCLiCl]− and [HCCMgCl2]− by LiCl and MgCl2
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. George N. Khairallah Dr. Gabriel da Silva Prof. Richard A. J. O'Hair 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(41):10979-10983
A combination of gas‐phase ion–molecule reaction experiments and theoretical kinetic modeling is used to examine how a salt can influence the kinetic basicity of organometallates reacting with water. [HC?CLiCl]? reacts with water more rapidly than [HC?CMgCl2]?, consistent with the higher reactivity of organolithium versus organomagnesium reagents. Addition of LiCl to [HC?CLiCl]? or [HC?CMgCl2]? enhances their reactivity towards water by a factor of about 2, while addition of MgCl2 to [HC?CMgCl2]? enhances its reactivity by a factor of about 4. Ab initio calculations coupled with master equation/RRKM theory kinetic modeling show that these reactions proceed via a mechanism involving formation of a water adduct followed by rearrangement, proton transfer, and acetylene elimination as either discrete or concerted steps. Both the energy and entropy requirements for these elementary steps need to be considered in order to explain the observed kinetics. 相似文献
116.
Miguel Reina Eduardo Gabriel Guzmán-López Annia Galano 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2023,123(2):e27011
A set of new rasagiline derivatives is presented. They were designed to be antioxidant compounds with the potential to be used for treating neurodegenerative disorders. They are expected to be multifunctional molecules that can help reduce oxidative stress, which is thought to contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. The CADMA-Chem computational protocol was used to produce rasagiline derivatives and to evaluate their likeliness as oral drugs and antioxidants. Three of them were identified as the most promising ones. They are proposed to be better free radical scavengers than rasagiline. In addition, they are expected to keep the parent's molecule neuroprotective capability. Hopefully, the results presented here would promote further experimental and theoretical investigations on these compounds. 相似文献
117.
Gabriel Míguez-Surez Alejandra Cardelle-Cobas Laura Sinisterra-Loaiza Beatriz Vzquez Alberto Cepeda Carolina Nebot 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(5)
The use of veterinary drugs in animal production is a common practice to secure animal and human health. However, residues of administrated drugs could be present in animal food products. Levels of drugs in food of animal origin are regulated within the European Union. In recent years, residues have been detected not only in food, but also in the environmental elements such as water or soil, meaning that humans are involuntarily exposed to these substances. This article presents a multiclass method for the analysis of various therapeutic groups of pharmaceuticals in human feces. Pharmaceuticals are extracted from feces with an acid extraction solvent, and after filtration the extract was analyzed by HPLC–MS/MS. A limit of detection of 10 ng/g was achieved for 9 pharmaceuticals, with linearity over 0.99 and repeatability and reproducibility lower than 20%. The method was satisfactorily applied in 25 feces samples of individuals that had declared not to be under medical treatment for the last two months. Results indicate the presence of six different compounds at concentration between 10 and 456 ng/g. This preliminary study showed the involuntary exposure of human gut microbiota to active substances such as pharmaceuticals 相似文献
118.
119.
120.
María Yolanda Ríos M. Ángeles Ramírez‐Cisneros Ismael León‐Rivera Samuel Estrada‐Soto Gabriel Navarrete‐Vázquez A. Berenice Aguilar‐Guadarrama 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2012,50(4):329-331
Complete 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift assignments for 3,4‐seco‐lup‐20(29)‐en‐3‐oic acid ( 1 ) have been established by means of two‐dimensional COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY spectroscopic experiments as well as by analysis of MS data. Compound 1 was isolated from Decatropis bicolor (Zucc.) Radlk. (Rutaceae) in addition to six coumarins and one alkaloid of known structure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献