像移补偿技术的发展与展望

航空相机广泛采用像移补偿技术来提高成像质量和相机分辨力。本文分析了像移补偿的原理并介绍了国内外较多采用的像移补偿技术,如光学式像移补偿法、机械式像移补偿法、集成像移补偿法、数字式像移补偿法等。文中列举了像移补偿过程中获取重要参数速高比的常用方法,包括平行狭缝法、扫描相关法、外差法、光程差法、直接计算法等。最后讨论了像移补偿技术数字化的发展方向,以及速高比测量的数字化、实时化、小型化发展趋势,提出了采用面阵CCD结合高性能微处理器获取速高比的新思路。     

RP-HPLC测定黄连上清片中盐酸小檗碱含量

用反相高效液相色谱法测定中药复方制剂黄连上清片中有效成分盐酸小檗碱含量。采用Agilent 1100 ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(用磷酸调pH值至3)(30∶70,V/V)为流动相,检测波长为345nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温25℃。盐酸小檗碱在0.16—4.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性,r=0.9999,平均加样回收率为98.96%(n=6),RSD=1.09%。该法快速简便,灵敏度和稳定性高,可有效控制黄连上清片的内在质量。     

原子吸收光谱法测定龙葵果中微量元素的含量

采用炭化-湿式消解原子吸收光谱法测定龙葵果中的铜、铅、锌、镍、镓5种微量元素的含量,采用湿式消解原子荧光光谱法测定龙葵果中的锗的含量。龙葵果中Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,Ga,Ge含量分别为13.82,2.51,35.62,2.86,0.016,0.16μg/g。龙葵果中各元素的回收率在99.08%—102.72%之间,RSD值在0.14%—2.78%之间,采用原子吸收光谱法测定几种微量元素稳定性好,结果准确可靠。作为药食两用的植物龙葵果含丰富的矿物质元素,对人体补充微量元素有较高的利用价值。     

交直流载流矩形线圈相互作用演示仪

设计制作了交直流截流矩形线圈相互作用演示仪,采用多匝矩形线圈替代单一导线,演示2根载流导线之间通过磁场存在着相互作用,实验仪器制作简单,使用方便,性能可靠,现象直观.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定清开灵分散片中栀子苷含量

对中药复方制剂清开灵分散片中有效成分栀子苷进行含量测定。采用反相高效液相色谱法,Agilent1100ZORBAXEclipseXDB-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),乙腈-水(15∶85,V/V)为流动相,检测波长为238nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温25℃。栀子苷在0.0593—1.4825μg.mL-1范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9999,平均加样回收率为98.93%(n=6),RSD=1.21%。该方法快速简便、灵敏度和稳定性高,可有效控制清开灵分散片的内在质量。     

Comb-shaped 2-Methylimidazolium Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Anion Exchange Membranes with High Alkaline Stability

A series of comb-shaped poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing pendant 2-methyl-3-alkylimidazolitun group(ImPAES-Cx,x=1,6,10)was prepared and characterized as novel anion exchange membranes.These Im-PAES-Cx membranes were obtained by benzylic bromination and imidazolium functionalization.The characteristic nano-phase separation structure was formed in membranes with longer alkyl side chains,as confmned by small-angle X-ray scattering.The nano-phase separation structures endowed ImPAES-Cx membranes with improved ionic conductivity,dimensional stability(at least 60% decrease water uptake and swelling ratio at 60℃)and mechanical properties,together with excellent alkaline stability.Especially,ImPAES-C6 membranes possessed enhanced hydroxide conductivity and chemical stability simultaneously.These results suggest that it is a feasible strategy to introduce appropriate length of alkyl side chains into anion exchange membranes(AEMs)to improve the performance.     

聚吡咯改性炭载Pd催化剂促进甲酸电氧化

直接甲酸燃料电池(DFAFC)阳极活性炭载Pd催化剂活性组分易聚集,分散差且存在炭载体的电腐蚀作用,造成催化活性低稳定性差。 为解决上述问题,本文通过调控炭载Pd催化剂的载体改善催化活性和稳定性。 采用低温化学氧化法制备了聚吡咯(PPy)与活性炭复合材料,在聚合过程中加入活性炭,经过高温热解聚吡咯形成复合碳载体负载Pd催化剂,并表征了热解聚吡咯碳修饰催化剂表面形貌,发现聚吡咯修饰后的催化剂载体表面氮元素以吡咯氮的形式存在,催化剂活性组分Pd纳米粒子可稳定在2.25 nm。 通过甲酸电催化氧化性能测试,结果表明,Pd单位质量比活性比Pd/C催化剂提高了2.5倍。     

"新工科"视角下以学生为中心"一纵三横"创新人才培养模式

Under the new economic background, social development needs more high-quality innovative talents with strong engineering practice ability, strong innovation ability and international competitiveness. Based on "emerging engineering education" perspective, the student-centered and "Yi-Zong and San-Heng" education mode has been proposed by analyzing the traditional talent training mode, which will better improve the "new system" of military engineering education.     

西方传教士与近代化学在中国的传播

传教士作为一个独特的群体,在中国近代科学建立过程中,发挥了传播者的作用。通过概述西方传教士来华前我国的化学学科发展状况,分析传教士来华的主要目的和知识传教的背景,列举了传教士在中国传播化学知识的主要途径及成果,旨在探讨其对近代化学在我国传播发展过程中所起到的作用。并通过对来华传教士在华行为动机及其成效的分析,试图对其在中国近代化学建立过程中发挥的作用进行客观的评价。     

利用强流ISOL束研究20Na的奇异衰变模式(英文)

北京放射性离子束装置（Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility,BRIF）是基于在线同位素分离器技术的国家大科学平台。在BRIF装置上利用100 MeV的质子束轰击较厚的反应靶产生放射性核素;反应产物经离子源电离和在线分离,在线同位素分离段可引出100~300 keV的放射性核束,质量分辨率达20 000。在基金委科学仪器基础研究专项的支持下,建成了多用途的衰变实验终端,包括束流传输管道、通用靶室、带电粒子和γ探测器、集成电子学和数据获取系统等。利用100 MeV的质子束轰击MgO厚靶产生了流强高达1×105 pps的20Na放射性核束。通过高效率地同时测量β,γ和α,第一次直接观测到20Na非常稀有的β-γ-α衰变模式。Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility(BRIF) has been commissioned as the national Radioactive Ion Beam(RIB) facility based on the Isotope Separator On Line(ISOL) technique since 2016. At BRIF, the radioactive nuclides are produced by the proton beam of 100 MeV bombarding a thick-target, the reaction products diffusing out of the target are ionized by an ion source and delivered to the online mass separator. In addition to the post-accelerated radioactive ion beams, BRIF can provide low-energy ISOL beams of 100 to 300 keV with a mass resolution of 20 000. A general-purpose decay station has been built including the ISOL beam transport line, a conventional reaction chamber, charge-particle and γ detectors with integrated electronics and data acquisition system. An intense 20Na ISOL beam up to 1×105 pps was produced by using the 100 MeV proton beam bombarding a MgO thick target. With high-efficiency measurements of β, γ and α simultaneously, very rare β-γ-α decay mode in 20Na has been directly observed for the first time in the present work.