Vacuum System for HL-2A Tokamak

The vacuum system of today＇s tokamak devices is designed to meet the operational requirements of the experiments. The operation can be divided into five modes, （1） pumping down and leak detecting of the vacuum vessel, （2） baking, （3） plasma-facing component （PFC） conditioning, （4）evacuating and controlling of the particles at plasma edge, （5） plasma discharge experiments.     

Solid-state Electrochemistry of Gadolinium Hexacyanoferrate Modified Electrode and Electrocatalytic Properties of Gadolinium Hexacyanoferrate

A new electroactive polynuclear inorganic compound of rare earth metal, gadolinium hexacyanoferrate (GdHCF), was prepared and characterized using the techniques of FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), UV-Vis spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ICP atomic emission spectroscopy, and EDX. The results of ICP atomic emission spectroscopy, EDX, and TGA indicated that the prepared GdHCF sample had a stoichiometry of NaGdFe(CN)₆·12H₂O (when GdHCF was prepared in NaCl solution). The FTIR spectrum of GdHCF showed that there were two types of water molecules in the structure of GdHCF: one was the interstitial water (5 H₂O), which resulted from the association of water due to H-bonding, and the other was water coordinated with Gd (7 H₂O). The results obtained using XPS showed that the oxidation state of Fe and Gd in the GdHCF sample was +2 and +3, respectively. GdHCF was immobilized on the surface of spectroscopically pure graphite (SG) electrode forming the GdHCF/SG electrode, and the solid-state electrochemistry of the resultant electrode was studied using cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that the GdHCF/SG electrode exhibited a pair of well-defined and stable redox peaks with the formal potential of E^0′=(197±3) mV. The effects of the concentration of the supporting electrolyte on the electrochemical characteristics of GdHCF were studied, and the results showed that the value of E^0′ increased linearly with the activity of the cationic ion of the supporting electrolyte (lga_Na⁺), with a slope of 54.1 mV, which may become a novel method for determining the activity of Na⁺ in solution. Further experimental results indicated that GdHCF had electrocatalytic activities toward the oxidation of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA), and the electrocatalytic current increased linearly with the concentration of DA (or AA) in the range of 1.0–10.0 mmol·L^?1 (for DA) or 0.5–20.0 mmol·L^?1 (for AA).     

Time Series Prediction Based on Chaotic Attractor

A new prediction technique is proposed for chaotic time series. The usefulness of the technique is thatit can kick off some false neighbor points which are not suitable for the local estimation of the dynamics systems. Atime-delayed embedding is used to reconstruct the underlying attractor, and the prediction model is based on the timeevolution of the topological neighboring in the phase space. We use a feedforward neural network to approximate thelocal dominant Lyapunov exponent, and choose the spatial neighbors by the Lyapunov exponent. The model is testedfor the Mackey-Glass equation and the convection amplitude of lorenz systems. The results indicate that this predictiontechnique can improve the prediction of chaotic time series.     

用GSP进行"波动"教学案例

学生的学习需求是指学生要达到的目标水平与他现在实际水平之间的差距．本课的教学目标是：了解波的形成条件及过程、波的种类、振动和波的关系；理解波的传播规律和波的图象．学生的实际是只学过振动和振动的图象，会使用《几何画板》软件．此差距很明显．这就要求教师根据建构主义学习理论，通过创设情景、搭脚手架来降低知识的梯度，真正把教学目标转化为学生自己的学习需求．     

3,7-二硝基亚氨基-2,4-二氮杂双环[3,3,0]辛烷的放热分解反应动力学

在程序升温条件下 ,用DSC研究了标题化合物的放热分解反应动力学 .用线性最小二乘法、迭代法以及二分法与最小二乘法相结合的方法 ,以积分方程、微分方程和放热速率方程拟合DSC数据 .在逻辑选择建立了微分和积分机理函数的最可几一般表达式后 ,用放热速率方程得到相应的表观活化能 (Ea)、指前因子 (A)和反应级数 (n)的值 .结果表明 :该反应的微分形式的经验动力学模式函数、Ea 和A值分别为 (1-α) 0 .44、2 30 .4kJ/mol和 10 18.16s-1.借助加热速率和所得动力学参数值 ,提出了标题化合物放热分解反应的动力学方程 .该化合物的热爆炸临界温度为 30 2 .6℃ .上述动力学参数对分析、评价标题化合物的稳定性和热变化规律十分有用 .     

乌桕类可可脂结晶过程中表现体积变化

为了解乌桕类可可脂(CTCBE)缓冷结晶横向胀罐爆裂原因，研究CTCBE结晶过程中的膨胀特性，采用流体静力法测试了不同等温结晶条件下CTCBE结晶形成的表观密度和表观体积及其横纵向膨胀状况。结果表明，CTCBE缓冷结晶后形成外部和中部两个晶区。在5-25℃的各等温结晶范围内，当结晶温度增加时，外部结晶区域减小、表观密度变化不大；中部结晶区域增大、表观密度明显减小，CTCBE的表观体积、横向、纵向膨胀率均增大，膨胀横向大于纵向。进一步表明CTCBE在自然缓冷固化的表观体积根本上由其结晶温度决定。为有效防止横向胀罐，自然缓冷固化温度应低于10℃。     

单光子态的产生与测量

报道了通过自发参量下转换产生单光子态的实验研究,使用中心波长425 nm的飞秒脉冲泵浦Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配的BBO晶体,在实验上得到单光子计数率为2.978×10-4,并分析了实验中的相关问题.     

凸合成模糊对策的模糊稳定集

本建立了凸合成模糊对策的模型，并得到了凸合成模糊对策的模糊稳定集，可由子对策的模糊稳定集表达出来。从而解决了凸合成模糊对策的解的结构问题。     

线性规划问题的规范型算法

提出了线性规划问题的两种规范标准形式；证明了任意一个线性规划问题都可化为这两种形式之一；给出了不需引入人工变量的线性规划问题的求解算法。     

半导体带电粒子探测器的研制及其在空间物理中的应用

阐述了空间辐射环境监测的意义,描述了半导体带电粒子探测器的研制及由其组成的望远镜系统在空间物理中的应用,并给出了用此探测器在卫星上进行地球辐射环境监测、太阳质子事件和地磁暴探测的部分结果.