全文获取类型
收费全文 | 816459篇 |
免费 | 7962篇 |
国内免费 | 2237篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 426698篇 |
晶体学 | 12195篇 |
力学 | 39501篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
数学 | 104645篇 |
物理学 | 243591篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 7145篇 |
2019年 | 7990篇 |
2018年 | 10484篇 |
2017年 | 10617篇 |
2016年 | 15272篇 |
2015年 | 8812篇 |
2014年 | 14254篇 |
2013年 | 35130篇 |
2012年 | 26312篇 |
2011年 | 31536篇 |
2010年 | 23100篇 |
2009年 | 22765篇 |
2008年 | 29599篇 |
2007年 | 29709篇 |
2006年 | 27462篇 |
2005年 | 24534篇 |
2004年 | 22727篇 |
2003年 | 20507篇 |
2002年 | 20327篇 |
2001年 | 22172篇 |
2000年 | 17342篇 |
1999年 | 13568篇 |
1998年 | 11552篇 |
1997年 | 11556篇 |
1996年 | 10932篇 |
1995年 | 9913篇 |
1994年 | 9935篇 |
1993年 | 9517篇 |
1992年 | 10454篇 |
1991年 | 10754篇 |
1990年 | 10401篇 |
1989年 | 10204篇 |
1988年 | 10081篇 |
1987年 | 9990篇 |
1986年 | 9459篇 |
1985年 | 12307篇 |
1984年 | 12825篇 |
1983年 | 10785篇 |
1982年 | 11261篇 |
1981年 | 10785篇 |
1980年 | 10395篇 |
1979年 | 10937篇 |
1978年 | 11566篇 |
1977年 | 11352篇 |
1976年 | 11289篇 |
1975年 | 10701篇 |
1974年 | 10605篇 |
1973年 | 10867篇 |
1972年 | 7879篇 |
1971年 | 6749篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
991.
Hans‐Peter Brack Denise Ruegg Heinrich Bührer Michal Slaski Selmiye Alkan Günther G. Scherer 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(13):2612-2624
The influence of irradiation and grafting on the crystallinity of three base polymers has been investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. Grafting has the largest effect on the base polymer crystallinity and results in a reduction of the crystallinity. The thermal degradation of the base polymers and grafted films has been investigated with thermogravimetric analysis. The extent of the fluorination of the base polymer, the irradiation method, and the graft level all influence the thermal degradation and its activation energy. It is proposed that the variation of the chain lengths of the grafted polystyrene chains is actually a primary underlying factor responsible for the influence of these various parameters on the degradation process. The first results of a comparative thermal analysis of some fuel‐cell membranes are also presented, and the promise and shortcomings of this method are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2612–2624, 2004 相似文献
992.
L. A. Utracki 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(15):2909-2915
The Simha and Somcynsky (S–S) statistical thermodynamics theory was used to compute the solubility parameters as a function of temperature and pressure [δ = δ(T, P)], for a series of polymer melts. The characteristic scaling parameters required for this task, P*, T*, and V*, were extracted from the pressure–temperature–volume (PVT) data. To determine the potential polymer–polymer miscibility, the dependence of δ versus T (at ambient pressure) was computed for 17 polymers. Close proximity of the δ versus T curves for four miscible polymer pairs: PPE/PS, PS/PVME, and PC/PMMA signaled the usefulness of this approach. It is noteworthy, that the tabulated solubility parameters (derived from the solution data under ambient conditions) propounded the immiscibility of the PVC/PVAc pair. The computed values of δ also suggested miscibility for polymer pairs of unknown miscibility, namely PPE/PVC, PPE/PVAc, and PET/PSF. In recognizing the limitations of the solubility parameter approach (the omission of several thermodynamic contributions), these preliminary results are auspicious because they indicate a new route for estimating the miscibility of any polymeric material at a given temperature and pressure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2909–2915, 2004 相似文献
993.
Beeranahally H Doreswamy Madegowda Mahendra Hirihally C Devarajegowda Venkatesh B Devaru Sridhar M Anandalwar Javaregowda S Prasad 《Analytical sciences》2004,20(2):407-408
The title compound was extracted from a natural product and its structure was characterized by an X-ray diffraction method. It crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P41 with cell parameters a = 15.832(10)A, c = 11.622(10)A, Z = 4; the final residual factor is R1 = 0.0769. The structure has both intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. 相似文献
994.
The photocatalytic degradation of a herbicide derivative, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D, 1), has been investigated in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide. The degradation was studied by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing UV spectroscopic analysis and decrease in Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content as a function of irradiation time in the presence of UV light source. The degradation kinetics was investigated under a variety of conditions, such as different types of TiO2, pH, catalyst and substrate concentrations. Higher photonic efficiencies were observed with Degussa P25 as compared with other photocatalysts. The degradation products were analysed by GC-MS and probable pathways for the formation of different products were proposed. 相似文献
995.
Nelly A. Kachurovskaya Georgii M. Zhidomirov Rutger A. van Santen 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2004,30(1):99-103
Periodical calculations of Zn(II) metal cation stabilization in cationic positions with distantly placed aluminium ions has been performed for high-silica ferrierite. It was found that decrease of the stabilization energy at large distances between Al ions (more than 10 Å) is about of 2 eV in comparison with nearest possible position of two Al ions in the zeolite lattice and weekly depended on following increase of the Al-Al distance. Main changes in stabilization energy occured within a 3-Å interval of these distances. Only for the localizations of both Al ions in one zeolite ring zinc cationic form is more stable than hydrogen form. 相似文献
996.
H. William Bosch Sre
o D. kapin Egon Matijevi 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2004,250(1-3):43-50
Controlled precipitation of the diagnostic imaging agent ethyl 3,5-di(acetylamino)-2,4,6-triiodobenzoate has been used to produce fine particles of various sizes, morphologies, and degrees of crystallinity, which depended on experimental conditions. In addition, two distinct polymorphic forms of the drug have been fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, and evidence for a third polymorph was also observed. Some of the so prepared dry particles were coated with a thin layer of silica. 相似文献
997.
EQCM and voltammetric data show that thallium(I) ions, which are adsorbed in the region of the positive surface charge, most probably, in the form of the ionic pairs, are not reduced. In this potential region, thallium(I) ions are reduced directly from the solution. At more negative potentials, the previously adsorbed stable ionic pairs slowly undergo transition into the less stable form. From this form, thallium(I) ions can be reduced or desorbed into the solution. The process is best described by a model of one electron, i.e., full charge transfer. 相似文献
998.
Andreev V. N. Kolyadko E. A. Podlovchenko B. I. 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2004,40(5):580-583
Radioactive tracer studies confirm the earlier electrochemical results that carbon monoxide can virtually completely displace iodine adatoms. For the first time, it is found that iodine adatoms are not displaced by carbon monoxide when iodide anions are adsorbed in the presence of an upd silver monolayer. The possible reasons for the effect observed are discussed. 相似文献
999.
A. N. Vinogradov 《Colloid Journal》2004,66(1):29-37
A velocity and absorption coefficient of sound for magnetic fluid (MF) based on water are studied in the frequency range of 12–132 MHz as a function of the concentration of dispersed phase, the uniform magnetic field, the storage time, and the temperature. The MF dispersed phase consist of magnetite Fe3O4 particles stabilized with sodium oleate. The parameters of sound propagation are measured within temperature interval 0–80°C. Densities of MF and sodium oleate are also measured as a function of temperature. Volume concentrations of magnetic fluid components (water, magnetite, and sodium oleate adsorbed on the surface of magnetic particles) are determined. Densities, heat capacities, coefficients of heat conductivity and thermal expansion of aggregates are estimated. Aggregate size distribution in the studied magnetic fluid is described by the log-normal function. Parameters characterizing the aggregate size distribution are determined and their interpretation is given. 相似文献
1000.
The dynamic and equilibrium surface tensions of aqueous dodecylamidoethyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride solutions of various concentrations at 16, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C are studied for the first time. The effects of the concentration and temperature on the surface tension relaxation are discussed. The possibility of two-dimensional phase transition and its effect on the dynamic behavior of surface tension are considered. 相似文献