首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   496618篇
  免费   3981篇
  国内免费   1384篇
化学   242838篇
晶体学   7509篇
力学   27109篇
综合类   18篇
数学   79563篇
物理学   144946篇
  2020年   3599篇
  2019年   4246篇
  2018年   15885篇
  2017年   15732篇
  2016年   14039篇
  2015年   5318篇
  2014年   7932篇
  2013年   17846篇
  2012年   16887篇
  2011年   25965篇
  2010年   17380篇
  2009年   17735篇
  2008年   21333篇
  2007年   23459篇
  2006年   14098篇
  2005年   13645篇
  2004年   13059篇
  2003年   12437篇
  2002年   11414篇
  2001年   11776篇
  2000年   9103篇
  1999年   6952篇
  1998年   6108篇
  1997年   6141篇
  1996年   5740篇
  1995年   5180篇
  1994年   5347篇
  1993年   5048篇
  1992年   5700篇
  1991年   5754篇
  1990年   5606篇
  1989年   5526篇
  1988年   5556篇
  1987年   5438篇
  1986年   5189篇
  1985年   6761篇
  1984年   7099篇
  1983年   5915篇
  1982年   5990篇
  1981年   5913篇
  1980年   5704篇
  1979年   5979篇
  1978年   6265篇
  1977年   6308篇
  1976年   6330篇
  1975年   5878篇
  1974年   5882篇
  1973年   6142篇
  1972年   4440篇
  1971年   3867篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Operational Research groups were established in private and public sector organizations following on from their success supporting the military in the Second World War. In the early years their numbers grew rapidly but by the mid-1970s evidence started to accumulate that they were being viewed less favourably. Many organizations chose not to set up OR groups. Established groups were closed down or dispersed to operating units in organizations, particularly during the recessionary periods. In 1993 following on the closures of some major OR groups in the UK, the Operational Research Society decided to fund research to examine those factors influencing a group's success and survival. This review, which forms part of the research, first examines the history of OR groups in the UK and North America, arguing that in practice they were one of a number of internal organizational consultancies. As such they were judged by their competitive performance. Despite the intent of the founding fathers of OR many groups found their scope was limited to mainly tactical problems using analytical model based approaches although there were exceptions that were successful in making major contributions at the strategic level also. Within their chosen fields of activity however many groups flourished whilst some failed. This review presents a comprehensive list of influences on success and survival. They include changes in the external environment, together with shifts in managerial style and culture, organizational factors, and the OR group itself. The review concludes that, while OR groups can do much to protect themselves from closure, organizational changes within a hostile managerial culture demand a creative response that acknowledges new requirements. Areas where an OR group has greatest influence over its effectiveness include its leadership and personnel, project balance and management. In addition, to be successful OR groups need to positively develop and market their services in an increasingly competitive managerial climate.  相似文献   
992.
A free-piston driver that employs entropy-raising shock processes with diaphragm rupture has been constructed, which promises significant theoretical advantages over isentropic compression. Results from a range of conditions with helium and argon driver gases are reported. Significant performance gains were achieved in some test cases. Heat losses are shown to have a strong effect on driver processes. Measurements compare well with predictions from a quasi-one-dimensional numerical code. Received 7 September 1996 / Accepted 5 October 1996  相似文献   
993.
994.
It has been shown by Yu. M. Golubev, M. I. Kolobov, and I. V. Sokolov, Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 111, 1579 (1997) [JETP 84, 864 (1997)], that when an optical cavity is excited by external radiation from a sub-Poisson laser the cavity mode may be in either a sub-Poisson or a Poisson stationary state. This is not important for a resonant medium which is excited into the upper laser level while interacting with this mode inside the cavity. The degree of regularity of the excitation will be identical to that of the initial light flux incident on the cavity, and this ultimately ensures the same sub-Poisson lasing as for strictly regular pumping of the resonant medium. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 113, 1223–1234 (April 1998)  相似文献   
995.
996.
997.
998.
Forced-air precooling of spherical foods in bulk: A parametric study   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
In this paper, a mathematical model for forced-air precooling of spherical food products in bulk is developed. The foods are arranged in horizontal layers stacked one above the other to form a rectangular parallelepiped with a vertical gap in between the product layers. The foods are cooled by chilled air blown along the height of the package. The governing equations for the conduction heat transfer in the foods, simultaneous heat and mass transfer at the food-air interface and in the air stream are solved numerically using finite-difference methods. A comprehensive numerical study is performed by varying the process parameters over a wide range. Typical results showing the variation of moist air properties along the height of the package and the effect of each parameter on the process time are presented. The ranges of parameters for advantageous operation of the precooling system are identified. Correlations are obtained for the process time based on the product center and mass-averaged temperatures in terms of process parameters.  相似文献   
999.
The empirical relation θ p 6 /I p=aK (where θ p is the limiting angle of the parabolic component in the angular distributions of annihilation photons in metals, I p is the integrated contribution of this component, K=1, 2, 3, ... is an integer, and a is a constant independent of the type of metal) observed earlier has been tested on magnesium, aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, and bismuth samples. The validity of this relation has been substantiated. The value of the dimensionless constant a has been determined and was found to coincide within experimental error with the result obtained in previous measurements. It is shown that the value of K for the same metal but for different samples may be different. It is conjectured that this may be due to different defect concentrations in samples. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 600–602 (April 1998)  相似文献   
1000.
An analytic and numerical study of the behavior of the linear nonhomogeneous wave equation of the form ε2utt = Δu + tf with high wave speed (ε 1) is carried out. This study was initially motivated by meteorological observations which have indicated the presence of large spatial scale gravity waves in the neighborhood of a number of summer and winter storms, mainly from visible images of ripples in clouds in satellite photos. There is a question as to whether the presence of these waves is caused by the nearby storms. Since the linear wave equation is an approximation to the full system describing pressure waves in the atmosphere, yet is considerably more tractable, we have chosen to analyze the behavior of the linear nonhomogeneous wave equation with high wave speed. The analysis is shown to be valid in one, two, and three space dimensions. Partly because of the high wave speed, the solution is known to consist of behavior which changes on two different time scales, one rapid and one slow. Additionally, because of the presence of the nonhomogeneous forcing term tf, we show that there is a component of the solution which will vary only on a very large spatial scale. Since even the linearized wave equation can give rise to persistent large spatial scale waves under the right conditions, the implication is that certain storms could be responsible for the generation of large-scale waves. Numerical simulations in one and two dimensions confirm analytic results.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号