铜铟镓硒太阳能电池多层膜的结构分析

对于溅射后硒化和共蒸发等方法制备的铜铟镓硒（CIGS）太阳能电池薄膜,利用多种分析方法研究了CIGS多层膜的复杂结构等．研究表明：卢瑟福背散射（RBS）在分析CIGS多层膜方面具有其独特优势和可靠的结果;溅射后硒化方法制备的CIGS薄膜中,Ga和In在CIGS薄膜中呈梯度分布,这种Ga表层少而内层多的不均匀分布与Mo层没有必然关系;RBS和俄歇电子能谱分析（AES）均显示CIGS太阳能电池器件多层膜界面处存在扩散,尤其是CdS与CIGS,Mo与CIGS的界面处;X射线荧光（XRF）结果表明,电池效率最高的CIGS层中In,Ga比例为In：Ga=0．7：0.3;X射线衍射（XRD）结果显示：退火后的CIGS／Mo薄膜结晶品质得到了优化．     

Atomic force microscopy investigation of growth process of organic TCNQ aggregates on SiO2 and mica substrates

<正>Deposition patterns of tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) molecules on different surfaces are investigated by atomic force microscopy.A homemade physical vapour deposition system allows the better control of molecule deposition. Taking advantage of this system,we investigate TCNQ thin film growth on both SiO_2 and mica surfaces.It is found that dense island patterns form at a high deposition rate,and a unique seahorse-like pattern forms at a low deposition rate.Growth patterns on different substrates suggest that the fractal pattern formation is dominated by molecule-molecule interaction.Finally,a phenomenal "two-branch" model is proposed to simulate the growth process of the seahorse pattern.     

飞行器供配电系统地面通用测试接口设计

供配电地面测试负责为飞行器提供模拟供电、控制状态切换、采集并传输系统状态信息,配合完成全飞行器全周期的综合测试任务。本文首先简要介绍了供配电地面测试系统的基本功能和设备组成,然后对供电、控制、测量的接口设计进行分析,最后提出接口通用化设计方案。本文为电气系统地面通用化测试研究提供了有益尝试。     

Spectral shifts and spectral switches of spatially and spectrally partially coherent pulsed beams in Young’s interference experiment

Taking the Gaussian Schell-model pulsed (GSMP) beam as a typical example of spatially and spectrally partially coherent pulsed beams, an analytical expression for the far-field spectrum of diffracted GSMP beams in Young’s interference experiment is derived, and used to study the spectral shifts and spectral switches of GSMP beams in the far field. Numerical calculation results are given to illustrate the dependence of spectral shifts and spectral switches on the obscuration ratio ε, temporal coherent length T_c, spatial correlation parameter β and diffraction angle α. It is shown that the critical angle α_c of the first- and second-order spectral switches moves away from the z axis with increasing T_c, but α_c of the third-order spectral switch moves towards the z axis with increasing T_c. The spectral transition height Δ decreases and spectral minimum S_min increases as T_c increases. α_c decreases, Δ increases and S_min decreases as β increases. The potential application of spectral switches of spatially and spectrally partially coherent pulsed beams in information encoding and transmission is proposed.     

Temperature dependent conductive behavior of pentacene in organic field-effect transistor

Impedance characterization at different temperature has been used to investigate the conductive behavior of pentacene as the semiconductor layer in organic field-effect transistor. It has been found that the pentacene exhibits an enhancement in conductivity by heating following an Arrhenius law with an activation energy transition from 0.004 to 0.018 eV at 323 K, which originates from band tail hopping that occurs around the Fermi edge.     

Long-distance quantum teleportation assisted with free-space entanglement distribution

Faithful long-distance quantum teleportation necessitates prior entanglement distribution between two communicated locations. The particle carrying on the unknown quantum information is then combined with one particle of the entangled states for Bell-state measurements, which leads to a transfer of the original quantum information onto the other particle of the entangled states. However in most of the implemented teleportation experiments nowadays, the Bell-state measurements are performed even before successful distribution of entanglement. This leads to an instant collapse of the quantum state for the transmitted particle, which is actually a single-particle transmission thereafter. Thus the true distance for quantum teleportation is, in fact, only in a level of meters. In the present experiment we design a novel scheme which has overcome this limit by utilizing fiber as quantum memory. A complete quantum teleportation is achieved upon successful entanglement distribution over 967 meters in public free space. Active feed-forward control techniques are developed for real-time transfer of quantum information. The overall experimental fidelities for teleported states are better than 89.6%, which signify high-quality teleportation.     

An Overview of The Photoacoustic Phase Spectra of Rare Earth Complexes

Abstract

The photoacoustic(PA) amplitude and phase spectra of several kinds of rare earth (RE) complexes are reported and summarized briefly. It is observed that both the amplitude and phase spectra well characterize the different energy levels of the RE complexes. The phase angle of the RE complexes is associated with the relaxation time τ and the optical absorption coefficient β concerning with the π-π? transition and the f-f transitions, respectively. After individual detailed discussion of the phase spectra, a reasonable theoretical consideration is given to interpret the results.     

A piperidinium-based ester-functionalized ionic liquid as electrolytes in Li/LiFePO<Subscript>4</Subscript> batteries

A new functionalized ionic liquid (IL) based on cyclic quaternary ammonium cations with ester group and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([TFSI]^?) anion, namely, N-methyl-N-methoxycarbonylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([MMOCPip][TFSI]), was synthesized and characterized. Physical and electrochemical properties, including Li-ion transference number, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability, were investigated. The electrochemical window of [MMOCPip][TFSI] was 6 V, which was wide enough to be used as a common electrolyte material. The Li-ion transference number of this IL electrolyte containing 0.1 M LiTFSI was 0.56. The half-cell tests indicated that the [MMOCPip][TFSI] obviously improved the cyclability of a Li/LiFePO₄ cell. For the Li/LiFePO₄ half-cells, after 20 cycles at room temperature at 0.1 C, the discharge capacity was 109.7 mAh g^?1 with 98.7% capacity retention in the [MMOCPip][TFSI]/0.1 M LiTFSI electrolyte. The good electrochemical performance demonstrated that the [MMOCPip][TFSI] could be used as electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries.     

Strain-induced polarization rotation in epitaxial (001) BiFeO3 thin films

Direct measurement of the remanent polarization of high quality (001)-oriented epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films shows a strong strain dependence, even larger than conventional (001)-oriented PbTiO3 films. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that a strain-induced polarization rotation mechanism is responsible for the large change in the out-of-plane polarization of (001) BiFeO3 with biaxial strain while the spontaneous polarization itself remains almost constant.     

Evolution of downsized crescent-shaped dune in wind tunnel experiment

The migration of a downsized crescent-shaped dune was investigated in a wind tunnel experiment.Quantified upwind influx and vertical oscillation of the sand bed were introduced to modulate the saturation level of the sand flux above the dune surface to affect dune evolution.The evolution was recorded by top-view photography and then abstracted as the evolution of self-defined characteristic quantities using a digital image processing algorithm.The results showed that,in contrast to the case for spanwise quantities,the evolution of streamwise quantities corresponds to a linear increase in the modulation magnitude more positively and in a monotonic and convergent manner.In contrast with quantities on the windward face,the changes in quantities with respect to the horns were nonmonotonic with time and almost uncorrelated with the variation in modulation strength,which reveals the distinctiveness of leeside evolution.