孔隙度数值反演计算

由渗流微分方程定解问题和Peaceman方程给出了网格压力、井底压力对网格孔隙度的导数,利用三维渗流方程压强数值解计算井底压力对网格孔隙度的导数;采用共轭梯度法实现孔隙度均匀(或分块均匀)分布油藏模型的反演计算.算例表明,经过8~10次迭代后反演结果与真值的最大相对误差在0.03%以内,反演收敛于真值.     

Growth characteristics of micro-plasma oxidation ceramic coatings on Ti alloy by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer technique

The aim of this work was to study the growth characteristics of micro-plasma oxidation ceramic coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Compound ceramic coatings were prepared on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by pulsed micro-plasma oxidation (MPO) in NaAlO₂ solution. The phase composition and surface morphology of the coating were investigated by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. The solution of Ti from the substrate and the content of Al in the electrolyte were studied by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) technique. Ti from the substrate dissolved and came into the coating and the electrolyte during MPO process. The content of Ti in the electrolyte under the pulsed bi-polar mode was more than that of the pulsed single-polar mode. The phase composition and structure of the coating was attributable to the space steric hindrance of Al congregated on the electrode surface due to the effect of the electric field and the electrolyte characters. For the pulsed single-polar mode, the coating was mainly composed of a large amount of α-Al₂O₃ and a small amount of γ-Al₂O₃. And the coating was mainly structured by Al from the electrolyte. However, the coating was composed of a large amount of Al₂TiO₅ and a little α-Al₂O₃ and rutile TiO₂ for the pulsed bi-polar mode. And the coating was structured both by Ti from the substrate and Al from the electrolyte.     

The effect of infertile semen on the mRNA-based body fluid identification

In the past decade, mRNA markers have been well demonstrated as promising molecular markers in forensic body fluid identification (BFI), and successfully used in wide applications. Several studies have assessed the performance of semen-specific mRNA markers in distinguishing semen from other common body fluids at the crime scene. Infertility has been reported as a global health problem that is affecting approximately 15% of couples worldwide. Therefore, it is important for forensic researchers to consider the impact of infertility on semen identification. This study aimed to explore the effect of semen from infertile men (hereinafter “infertile semen”) on BFI and to identify semen-specific mRNAs that can efficiently and accurately distinguish normal and infertile semen samples from other body fluids. Results showed that the selected five mRNAs (KLK3, TGM4, SEMG1, PRM1, and PRM2) performed a significantly high semen specificity in normal semen. Moreover, KLK3 was slightly influenced by infertile semen samples with over 98% positive results in all semen samples. The accuracy to predict normal semen reached up to 96.6% using the discrimination function Y1 with KLK3 and PRM1. However, when the infertile semen samples were included in discrimination function (function Y2 with KLK3), the accuracy rate of semen identification (including the normal and infertile semen) was down to 89.5%. Besides, the sensitivity of multiplex assay could reach down to 50pg. Our results suggest that it is important to consider the presence of infertile semen when using mRNAs to identify semen samples, which would have a far-reaching impact in forensic identification.     

Electrochemical behavior and luminescent properties of a multilayer film containing mixed-addenda polyoxometalates K10H3[Eu(SiMo9W2O39)2] and tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

Inorganic-organic composite films containing the mixed-addenda heteropolytungsto-molybdate K(10)H(3)[Eu(SiMo(9)W(2)O(39))(2)]xH(2)O (abbreviated as EuSiMo(9)W(2)) and tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Ru(bpy)(2+)(3) (abbreviated as Ru(bpy)(3)) were fabricated by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method. UV-vis spectroscopy shows that the absorbance values at characteristic peaks increase linearly with the number of EuSiMo(9)W(2)/Ru(bpy)(3) bilayers, suggesting that the deposition process is linear and highly reproducible from layer to layer. The composition of the multilayer film was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectra. Atomic force microscopy presented a correspondingly uniform surface morphology and a homogeneity of the multilayer films. The film exhibited photoluminescence arising from the d-pi* metal-to-ligand transition of Ru(2+), and (5)D(0) metastable state to terminate levels in the (7)F(J) (J=0-4) ground-state multiplet transitions of Eu(3+). The film also exhibited catalytic activities toward the reduction of IO(-)(3), H(2)O(2), BrO(-)(3), NO(-)(2) and the oxidation of C(2)O(2-)(4). It may provide a novel material as bifunctional electrocatalysts and fluorescence probes in biochemistry, luminescence sensors, electroluminescent optical devices, and so on.     

锂离子电池正极材料研究的新动向和挑战

调研了全球锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、LiFePO4 LiNi0.8 Co0.2 O2和Li(CoMnNi)1/3O2的学术研究论文和技术专利申请与授权数按年和语言分布情况。综述了前4种材料作锂离子电池正极材料尚存在的问题和解决对策进展。例如,通过掺杂其他元素、表面包覆、细化材料颗粒及改善正极结构设计来提高正极材料的充放电容量、寿命、功率密度和电池高功率密度使用时的安全性。     

IC Determination of Halide Impurities in Ionic Liquids

An ion chromatographic (IC) method has been developed for determination of trace levels of halide impurities in various types of ionic liquids (ILs). The advantage of this method is that all relevant halide species can be measured in a single chromatographic analysis. Separation of halides was performed on a Dionex AS9-HC column using an eluent consisting of 20 mM NaOH and 10% (v/v) acetonitrile, delivered at 1.5 mL min⁻¹. Using this eluent, fluoride, chloride and bromide were well resolved from each other, but iodide was co-eluted with tetrafluoroborate (BF₄⁻) present as a counter-anion in tetrafluoroborate-based ILs. The same eluent was also used successfully for the determination of halides in highly hydrophobic ILs, such as those based on bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI⁻) and bis-perfluoroethylsulfonylimide (BETI⁻). In this case, 50% (v/v) acetonitrile aqueous was needed to dissolve the sample before injection, and this did not adversely affect the separation. Detection limits in the measured solution were 0.1, 0.2 and 1.0 ppm for chloride, bromide and iodide, respectively, by conductivity detection, and 0.02 ppm for iodide by UV detection.     

烷烃加氢异构化反应

综述了烷烃加氢异构化反应中的正碳离子异构和裂化机理、孔口与钥匙锁催化、择形催化及双分子机理,详细论述了分子筛基双功能催化剂酸性、金属、金属酸位比、孔道、晶粒尺寸和催化剂改性对烷烃加氢异构反应活性、异构选择性等的影响。论述了近期烷烃加氢异构催化剂改性的新方法。提出针对不同催化剂体系,根据反应机理提高异构催化剂活性和选择性的途径。     

准SU(1,1)相干态的亚泊松分布特性

数值计算显示准SU(1,1)相干态呈亚泊松分布,这是没有经典对应的量子特性.     

灌木植被土地管理的最优控制

在一种名为Chaparral的野生灌木生长的环境中,经常发生危害极大的野火。本文建立了一个马尔可夫链模型,可以对Chaparral的土地管理和火灾控制策略的优劣进行评估。同时本模型还被用于决定一个最优限制燃烧策略。     

高温熔融铝液与水接触爆炸过程实验研究

为探究高温熔融铝液与水相互作用的爆炸机理,设计了一套高温熔融铝液与水接触爆炸实验测试系统,应用红外热像仪、高速摄像机、压力传感器等设备监测高温熔融铝液与水相互作用过程,并对高温熔融铝液与水接触爆炸过程的能量转化规律进行了分析.实验结果表明:高温熔融铝液与水接触瞬间发生膜态沸腾,水剧烈汽化产生的冲击在水中产生扰动并快速扩...