Computation of the scattering amplitude for a scattering wave produced by a disc — Approach by a fundamental solution method

Our fundamental solution method gives an analytic representation of the approximate solution for the reduced wave problem in the exterior region of a disc. The asymptotic behavior of this representation yields an approximate formula for the scattering amplitude. An error estimate for this formula is given. We add two numerical tests: the numerical estimate of errors; and profiles of scattering cross sections and the far-field coefficient. Both tests include cases of high wave numbers.     

Collisional radiative model for the M1 transition spectrum of the highly-charged W54+ ions

A detailed-level collisional-radiative model for the M1 transition spectrum of the Ca-like W⁵⁴⁺ ion as observed in an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) was constructed based on atomic data calculated by the relativistic configuration interaction method and distorted wave theory. The present calculated transition energy, rate and intensity of W⁵⁴⁺ M1 transitions are compared with previous theoretical and experimental values. The results are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental and theoretical data. The synthetic spectrum explained the EBIT spectrum in the 12–20 nm region, while a new possibly strong transition has been predicted to be observable with an appropriate electron beam energy. The present work provides accurate atomic data that may be used in plasma diagnostics applications.     

Experimental assessment of fluorescence microscopy signal enhancement by stimulated emission

The quantity of photons generated during fluorescence microscopy is principally determined by the quantum yield of the fluorescence dyes and the optical power of the excitation beam. However, even though low quantum yields can produce poor images, it is challenging to tune this parameter, while increasing the power of the excitation beam often results in photodamage. Here, we propose the use of stimulated emission (SE) as a means of enhancing both the signal intensity and signal-to-noise ratio during confocal fluorescence microscopy. This work experimentally confirmed that both these factors can be enhanced by SE radiation, through generating a greater number of photons than are associated with the standard fluorescence signal. We also propose the concept of stimulated emission enhancing fluorescence (SEEF) microscopy, which employs both the SE and fluorescence signals, and demonstrate that the intensity of an SEEF signal is greater than those of the individual SE and fluorescence signals.     

Mott relation for anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in Ga1-xMnxAs ferromagnetic semiconductors

The Mott relation between the electrical and thermoelectric transport coefficients normally holds for phenomena involving scattering. However, the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnets may arise from intrinsic spin-orbit interaction. In this work, we have simultaneously measured AHE and the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in Ga1-xMnxAs ferromagnetic semiconductor films, and observed an exceptionally large ANE at zero magnetic field. We further show that AHE and ANE share a common origin and demonstrate the validity of the Mott relation for the anomalous transport phenomena.     

Structural Features and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Produced in Agitated Culture

The structure and some properties of bacterial cellulose produced in agitated culture were studied. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that there was almost no difference between reticulated structures of bacterial cellulose fibrils produced in agitated culture and in static culture. Nevertheless, bacterial cellulose produced in agitated culture exhibited microstuctural changes, namely, a low degree of polymerization and a low crystallinity index. A CP/MAS ¹³C NMR analysis revealed that the cellulose I content of the cellulose produced in agitated culture was lower than that of the cellulose produced in static culture. The bacterial cellulose produced in agitated culture had a lower Young's modulus of sheet, a higher water holding capacity and a higher suspension viscosity in the disintegrated form than that produced in static culture.     

Regioselective boron trichloride-mediated aromatic Claisen rearrangement of resorcinol allyl ethers

The regioselective Claisen rearrangement of resorcinol allyl ethers with boron trichloride was achieved with good selectivity (ca. 13:1) to afford the 6-isomer as major product.     

Synthesis and activity of a metabolite of (S)-6-amino-5-(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxamido)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (CX-659S)

CX-659S (1) [(S)-6-amino-5-(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxamido)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione], has been developed as a new type anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of dermatitis. The structure of a major metabolite of CX-659S was determined as (S)-6-amino-5-[2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(2,4,5-trimethyl-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadienyl)butanamide]-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (2) by direct comparison with the synthesized authentic compound. The anti-inflammatory activity of 2 was equipotent with that of 1 on the contact hypersensitivity reaction (CHR) induced by picryl chloride (PC) in mice, suggesting that compound 2 contributes, at least in part, to the anti-inflammatory activity of CX-659S.     

AIB induced chemical reactions at surfaces detected by SIMS

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been used to detect the reactions induced by active ion bombardment (AIB) of N⁺₂ on surfaces of pyrolytic graphite and a (100) Si crystal. The SIMS spectra exhibit ions of CN^?, HCN^?, H_nC₂N^?(n = 2, 3, 4), HN^?, and SiN^?, indicating that reactions take place with the graphite and silicon as well as adsorbed hydrogen on the surfaces.