Composite bonded magnets with controlled anisotropy directions prepared by viscous deformation technique

When a radially anisotropic rare earth bonded magnet for a rotor with a high (BH)_max value is magnetized multi-polarly, its flux distributes rectangularly and increases a cogging torque. In order to overcome this difficulty, we newly developed highly dense Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃ and Nd₂Fe₁₄B-based composite bonded magnets with continuously controlled anisotropy directions by using a viscous deformation technique.     

Observation of double cć production in e+e- annihilation at squareroot[s] approximately 10.6 GeV

We report the observation of prompt J/psi via double cc; production from the e+e- continuum. In this process one cc; pair fragments into a J/psi meson while the remaining pair either produces a charmonium state or fragments into open charm. Both cases have been experimentally observed. We find cross sections of sigma[e+e- -->J/psieta(c)(gamma)]xB(eta(c)-->or=4 charged)=(0.033(+0.007)(-0.006)+/-0.009) pb and sigma(e+e- -->J/psiD(*+)X)=(0.53(+0.19)(-0.15)+/-0.14) pb and infer sigma(e+e- -->J/psicc;)/sigma(e+e- -->J/psiX)=0.59(+0.15)(-0.13)+/-0.12. These results are obtained from a 46.2 fb(-1) data sample collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance, with the Belle detector at the KEKB collider.     

Observation of the eta(c)(2S) in Exclusive B-->KK(S)K-pi(+) Decays

We report the observation of a narrow peak in the K(S)K-pi(+) invariant mass distribution in a sample of exclusive B-->KK(S)K-pi(+) decays collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider. The measured mass of the peak is M=3654+/-6(stat)+/-8(syst) MeV/c(2), and we place a 90% confidence level upper limit on the width of Gamma<55 MeV/c(2). The properties agree with heavy-quark potential model expectations for the eta(c)(2S) meson, the n=2 singlet S charmonium state.     

Observation of the decay B(0)-->D(+/-)D(*-/+)

We report the first observation of the decay B(0)-->D(+/-)D(*-/+) with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) Collider operated at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The sum of branching fractions B(B(0)-->D(+)D(*-))+B(B(0)-->D(-)D(*+)) is measured to be (1.17+/-0.26(+0.22)(-0.25))x10(-3) using the full reconstruction method where both charmed mesons from B0 decays are reconstructed. A consistent value [(1.48+/-0.38(+0.28)(-0.31))x10(-3)] is obtained using a partial reconstruction technique that uses only the slow pion from the D(*-)-->D(-0)pi(-) decay and a fully reconstructed D(+) to reconstruct the B(0).     

Production of prompt charmonia in e(+)e(-) annihilation at square root of s approximately equals 0.6 GeV

The production of prompt J/psi, psi(2S), chi(c1), and chi(c2) is studied using a 32.4 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at Upsilon(4S) and at 60 MeV below the resonance. The yield of prompt J/psi mesons in the Upsilon(4S) sample is compatible with that of continuum production; we set an upper limit B(Upsilon(4S)-->J/psiX) < 1.9 x 10(-4) at the 95% confidence level, and find sigma(e(+)e(-)-->J/psiX) = 1.47 plus/minus 0.10 plus/minus 0.13 pb. The cross sections for prompt psi(2S) and direct J/psi are measured. The J/psi momentum spectrum, production angle distribution, and polarization are studied.     

Solubility of Ag2O into the Na2O–B2O3–Al2O3 system

The solubility of Ag₂O was measured for the Na₂O–B₂O₃ and Na₂O–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃ system with the rotating crucible method and static method, respectively, under air atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 1273 to 1423 K. The contamination of melts from crucibles could be avoided by the rotating crucible method, with which it became possible to measure the solubility of Ag₂O for the Na₂O–B₂O₃ system above the melting point of Ag for the first time. It was found that the addition of Na₂O decreases the solubility of Ag₂O while the addition of Al₂O₃ had little effect on the solubility. The effect of Na₂O and Al₂O₃ on the solubility of Ag₂O is expressed by interaction coefficients and is analyzed in terms of the basicity of melts. The solubility of Ag₂O in Na₂O–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃ melts increased with increased temperature. This phenomena was explained by a small enthalpy change in oxidation of silver.     

Polyesters from 2,6-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene and 2,6-dihydroxyanthracene

High molecular weight, film-forming, amorphous polyesters have been prepared from 2,6-dilydroxy-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene with adipic, sebacic, dodecanoic, isophthalic, 4,4′-oxybibenzoic, 2,6-naphthoic, 4,4′-bibenzoic, and terephthalic acid. Thermal elimination of ethylene from these polymers has yielded the corresponding polyesters from 2,6-dihydroxyanthracene which were of high molecular weight, film forming, and crystalline.     

Uniaxial magnetization performance of Co-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> nano-composite films electrochemically synthesized from acidic aqueous solution

In this study, Co-Al₂O₃ nano-composite films containing parallel-oriented cobalt nano-cylinders with length-to-diameter aspect ratios of ca. 4000 are synthesized to acquire a uniaxial magnetization property. The Co nano-cylinders were electrodeposited into anodized aluminum oxide films with numerous nano-channels under a low over-potential of less than 0.1 V using an acidic aqueous solution containing CoCl₂ at 75 °C. The long axis of Co nano-cylinders, which are electrodeposited at cathode potential of ?0.58 V vs. Ag/AgCl, coincides with the c axis of hexagonal close packed (hcp)-Co. The Co-Al₂O₃ nano-composite films show a uniaxial magnetization behavior due to the large shape anisotropy of Co nano-cylinders and the large magneto-crystalline anisotropy of the hcp-Co crystal structure. We achieved coercivity and squareness values of up to 2.4 and 1.0 kOe, respectively. This study shows an effective way to produce nano-composite films of altered coercivities.     

Plasma-assisted immobilization of heparin onto low-density polyethylene surface

In this study heparin was covalently immobilized onto LDPE-VEMAC sheet fabricated by the introduction of carboxyl groups to the surface of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using a plasma technique. The plasma irradiation time influenced the density of carboxyl groups on the LDPE-VEMAC sheet. Heparin was immobilized on the LDPE-VEMAC sheet using a condensation reagent, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). We confirmed the immobilization of heparin from the ATR-FT-IR spectrum of the sheet obtained. Where heparin was directly immobilized on the LDPE-VEMAC sheet, the density of the immobilized heparin depended on that of the carboxyl groups. Heparin was also immobilized with a spacer, hexamethylene diamine, and the density of such heparin was about 1.6 times that of the directly immobilized heparin. This result suggests that the introduction of a spacer may be an effective way to increase the density of immobilized heparin.     

Functional mapping of carious enamel in human teeth with Raman microspectroscopy

We employed Raman microspectroscopy to measure the Raman spectra of phosphate in sound and carious tooth substance. The peak intensity at 960 cm⁻¹ of the phosphate (PO₄³⁻) symmetric stretching vibrational mode (υ₁) in sound enamel was stronger than that of sound dentin, which indicated that sound enamel contained more phosphate than sound dentin. Furthermore, the element analysis of phosphate in sound teeth substance, measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscope (EDX), gave similar results to those of the Raman measurement. In addition, the border between sound enamel and dentin was clearly demonstrated by mapping the image of the Raman spectrum of phosphate. The mapping image of phosphate in the carious enamel region revealed a heterogeneous low Raman spectrum intensity of phosphate in the area surrounding carious enamel; this finding indicates that phosphate had dissolved from the tooth substance in such areas. In contrast with the decrease in the Raman spectrum intensity of phosphate, the intensity of amide I increased mainly in the low‐phosphate area. Although it remains very difficult to clinically identify the accurate border between sound and carious tooth substance, this distinction may be enabled by using the Raman spectrum of carious tooth substance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.