To examine the correlation between tissue water content and signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, we analyzed infarcted rat brain, verified the results by theoretical simulation, and compared them with conventional spin-echo images. We produced brain infarction with cavitation in five rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion. After in vivo MRI, histologic sections of the MRI plane were obtained. We measured the signal intensity of regions on FLAIR and spin-echo images, and measured the area of cavitation on histologic sections. We plotted curves of cavity percentage to signal intensity. Theoretical values were calculated using a two-compartment model. On the curve of cavity area to signal intensity, the signal on FLAIR images peaked in tissues with 20% to 30% area of cavitation. On the theoretical curve, the signal on FLAIR images peaked at 90% tissue water content. These results seem to be characteristic of FLAIR. 相似文献
The effects of phosphorus substituents on the reactivity of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts with nucleophiles has been explored. Reactions of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts, prepared from various acetals and tris(o-tolyl)phosphine, with a variety of nucleophiles proceeded efficiently. These processes represent the first examples of high-yielding nucleophilic substitution reactions of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts. The reactivity of these salts was determined by a balance between steric and electronic factors, respectively, represented by cone angles θ and CO stretching frequencies ν (steric and electronic parameters, respectively). In addition, a novel reaction of α-alkoxyphosphonium salts derived from Ph(3) P with Grignard reagents was observed to take place in the presence of O(2) to afford alcohols in good yields. A radical mechanism is proposed for this process that has gained support from isotope-labeling and radical-inhibition experiments. 相似文献
In the J-PARC E27 experiment, we search for a K?pp bound state via the d(π+, K+) reaction at 1.7 GeV/c at the K1.8 beam line. The binding energy and decay width of the K?pp bound state can be obtained in the missing mass measurement with a good energy resolution of 2 MeV/c2. A range counter array (RCA) was constructed to detect the two high-momentum protons from the K?pp decay and to reduce the background such as quasi-free hyperon production. Recently, we have carried out a pilot run in June, 2012. The d(π+, K+) missing-mass spectrum has been obtained for the first time. In this report, an overview of the E27 experiment and a preliminary result on this pilot run are presented. 相似文献
We are going to perform an inclusive spectroscopy experiment of η′ mesic nuclei with the 12C(p,d) reaction to study in-medium properties of the η′ meson. In nuclear medium, the η′ meson mass may be reduced due to partial restoration of chiral symmetry. In case of sufficiently large mass reduction and small absorption width of η′ at normal nuclear density, peak structures of η′ mesic states in 11C will be observed near the η′ emission threshold even in an inclusive spectrum. The experiment will be carried out at GSI with proton beam supplied by SIS using FRS as a spectrometer. The detail of the experiment is described. 相似文献
A new rearrangement reaction of spirocyclic cyclobutane N-halo aminals is described. This process, promoted by treatment of the aminals with N-halosuccinimides (NXS, X = Br or Cl), efficiently produces bicyclic amidines by a pathway involving initial N-halogenation of one of the aminal nitrogens followed by cyclobutane ring expansion through 1,2-C-to-N migration with simultaneous N-X bond cleavage. 相似文献
Mild substitution reactions of acetals with carbon nucleophiles via the pyridinium‐type salts generated by the treatment of acetals with TESOTf‐2,4,6‐collidine or 2,2′‐bipyridyl have been developed. Various carbon nucleophiles, such as organocuprates, silyl enol ethers, enamines, etc., reacted with the pyridinium‐type salts to give the corresponding substituted products in good yields. The reactions proceeded under very mild conditions (non‐acidic conditions) and thus acid‐sensitive functional groups can be tolerated during the reaction. In addition, only an acetal can form the pyridinium‐type salt and react with nucleophiles in the presence of a ketal. This unusual selectivity is in contrast to general methods conducted under acidic conditions. 相似文献
Facile and efficient macrolactonization of hydroxycarboxylic acid via ethoxyvinyl esters (EVEs), which can give 9‐ to 14‐membered macrolactones in good yields, has been developed (see scheme; DCE = 1,2‐dichloroethane). The method is useful for acid‐/base‐sensitive substrates and applicable to the compound with many functional groups.
Lindera umbellata (Lu) essential oil primarily contains linalool and has relaxation properties. We investigated the psychological and antibacterial effects of footbath with Lu essential oil. The participants included 20 women without medical history and received two intervention plans: footbath without any essential oil and footbath using Lu essential oil. Next, questionnaires regarding impressions and mood states were provided for them to answer. In addition, their autonomic nervous system activity was measured, and the aerobic viable of count on the feet was determined. The high-frequency value reflecting the parasympathetic nervous system activity significantly increased after footbath using Lu essential oil. In the questionnaire about the mood states, the subscale scores of tension–anxiety, depression, fatigue, and confusion after intervention were lower than those before intervention regardless of the use of the essential oil. Conversely, the anger–hostility score decreased only in the group using Lu essential oil. Furthermore, the decrease in aerobic viable count after intervention was not significantly different between the two groups. Footbath using Lu essential oil increased the parasympathetic nervous system activity and relieved anger. Taken together, we suggest that footbath using Lu essential oil has a relaxation effect. 相似文献