Measurement of CP asymmetry in a time-dependent Dalitz analysis of B0-->(rhopi)0 and a constraint on the quark mixing matrix angle phi2

We present a measurement of CP asymmetry using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B0-->pi+pi-pi0 decays based on a 414 fb(-1) data sample containing 449 x 10(6) BB pairs. The data was collected on the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+ e- collider. Combining our analysis with information on charged B decay modes, we perform a full Dalitz and isospin analysis and obtain a constraint on the CKM angle phi2, 68 degrees < phi2 < 95 degrees as the 68.3% confidence interval for the phi2 solution consistent with the standard model (SM). A large SM-disfavored region also remains.     

Monomeric metal aqua complexes in the interlayer space of montmorillonites as strong Lewis acid catalysts for heterogeneous carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions

Montmorillonite-enwrapped copper and scandium catalysts (Cu(2+)- and Sc(3+)-monts) were easily prepared by treating Na(+)-mont with the aqueous solution of the copper nitrate and scandium triflate, respectively. The resulting Cu(2+)- and Sc(3+)-monts showed outstanding catalytic activities for a variety of carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions, such as the Michael reaction, the Sakurai-Hosomi allylation, and the Diels-Alder reaction, under solvent-free or aqueous conditions. The remarkable activity of the mont catalysts is attributable to the negatively charged silicate layers that are capable of stabilizing metal cations. Furthermore, these catalysts were reusable without any appreciable loss in activity and selectivity. The Cu(2+)-mont-catalyzed Michael reaction proceeds via a ternary complex in which both the 1,3-dicarbonyl compound and the enone are coordinated to a Lewis acid Cu(2+) center.     

Novel bioactive peptides,PF1171F and PF1171G,from unidentified ascomycete OK-128

Two cyclic peptides, PF1171F (1) and PF1171G (2), were isolated from okara fermented with the unidentified ascomycete OK-128, and their structures were determined by NMR, MS, and Marfey amino acid analysis. Both peptides showed paralytic activity against silkworms.     

Reverse orthogonal strategy for oligosaccharide synthesis

Herein, we report the invention of a novel expeditious concept for oligosaccharide synthesis. Unlike the classic orthogonal strategy based on leaving groups, the reverse approach is based on orthogonal protecting groups, herein p-methoxybenzyl and 4-pentenoyl, which allows for efficient oligosaccharide assembly in the reverse direction.     

Optical and magneto-optical properties in Fe-doped glasses irradiated with femtosecond laser

Optical, magnetic, and magneto-optical properties have been investigated for the α-Fe₂O₃-doped transparent glasses irradiated with an infrared fs laser and subsequently annealed. The values of the saturation magnetization at room temperature for the irradiated glasses were increased compared with the as-prepared samples, which is due to the precipitation of the ferrimagnetic ferrite nanoparticles (NPs). By adding further dopants as precursors of plasmonic metals, Au or Al NPs were space-selectively precipitated together with the ferrite NPs in a confined region after irradiation and thermal annealing. In the case of the glass codoped with Al, magneto-optical Faraday effect was plasmonically enhanced and exhibited a negative distinct peak ascribed to a coupling between the ferrimagnetism of ferrite NPs and the localized surface plasmon resonance of Al NPs, while the glass, in which ferrite and Au NPs were precipitated, showed a positive enhancement of Faraday effect due to a coupling of plasmon resonance with diamagnetism of glass matrix.     

Strong association of fallout plutonium with humic and fulvic acid as compared to uranium and137Cs in Nishiyama soils from Nagasaki, Japan

To investigate the formation of mobile organic plutonium, we analyzed the plutonium contents of the fulvic (FA) and humic (HA) acids from the soil samples obtained at Nishiyama, Nagasaki, Japan. The percentages of the plutonium bound strongly to HA and to FA vs. the total plutonium in the soil were 5–10% and 1%, respectively, at the depth of 0–0.1 m, much higher values than those of¹³⁷Cs and uranium. After being weathered for 51 years under a temperate climate, the initial highfired oxides of fallout plutonium have become as chemically reactive plutonium from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants.     

Molecular gas dynamics approaches to interfacial phenomena accompanied with condensation

This paper deals with the condensation coefficient of methanol, which is evaluated from a condensation rate at the vapor–liquid interface. Film condensation is induced on the endwall of a vapor-filled shock tube, when a shock wave is reflected at the endwall and the vapor becomes supersaturated there. The liquid film grows with the lapse of time. The evolution in time of the liquid film thickness is measured by an optical interferometer with a high accuracy, and thereby the net condensation mass flux at the interface is obtained. The mass flux is incorporated into the kinetic boundary condition (KBC) at the interface for the Gaussian–BGK Boltzmann equation. Such a treatment of the boundary condition makes it possible to formally eliminate the evaporation and condensation coefficients in KBC and to obtain the unique numerical solution of the vapor–liquid system. In this way, the instantaneous condensation coefficient is accurately evaluated from the conformity with experiment and numerical solution. It is found that the values of condensation coefficient are, near vapor–liquid equilibrium states, close to those evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations.