全文获取类型
收费全文 | 41508篇 |
免费 | 1192篇 |
国内免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 23025篇 |
晶体学 | 183篇 |
力学 | 872篇 |
数学 | 6686篇 |
物理学 | 11954篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 222篇 |
2021年 | 335篇 |
2020年 | 514篇 |
2019年 | 350篇 |
2018年 | 478篇 |
2017年 | 461篇 |
2016年 | 1066篇 |
2015年 | 895篇 |
2014年 | 999篇 |
2013年 | 2209篇 |
2012年 | 1757篇 |
2011年 | 2146篇 |
2010年 | 1109篇 |
2009年 | 925篇 |
2008年 | 2022篇 |
2007年 | 1997篇 |
2006年 | 1760篇 |
2005年 | 1557篇 |
2004年 | 1216篇 |
2003年 | 1061篇 |
2002年 | 973篇 |
2001年 | 843篇 |
2000年 | 750篇 |
1999年 | 514篇 |
1998年 | 450篇 |
1997年 | 459篇 |
1996年 | 565篇 |
1995年 | 509篇 |
1994年 | 518篇 |
1993年 | 601篇 |
1992年 | 509篇 |
1991年 | 382篇 |
1990年 | 431篇 |
1989年 | 343篇 |
1988年 | 363篇 |
1987年 | 365篇 |
1986年 | 327篇 |
1985年 | 504篇 |
1984年 | 504篇 |
1983年 | 460篇 |
1982年 | 474篇 |
1981年 | 482篇 |
1980年 | 434篇 |
1979年 | 403篇 |
1978年 | 438篇 |
1977年 | 411篇 |
1976年 | 370篇 |
1975年 | 359篇 |
1974年 | 335篇 |
1973年 | 343篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
91.
We develop an interactive approach for multiobjective decision-making problems, where the solution space is defined by a set of constraints. We first reduce the solution space by eliminating some undesirable regions. We generate solutions (partition ideals) that dominate portions of the efficient frontier and the decision maker (DM) compares these with feasible solutions. Whenever the decision maker prefers a feasible solution, we eliminate the region dominated by the partition ideal. We then employ an interactive search method on the reduced solution space to help the DM further converge toward a highly preferred solution. We demonstrate our approach and discuss some variations. 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
R. Arnaldi R. Averbeck K. Banicz J. Castor B. Chaurand C. Cicalo A. Colla P. Cortese S. Damjanovic A. David A. De Falco A. Devaux A. Drees L. Ducroux H. En’yo A. Ferretti M. Floris A. Foerster P. Force N. Guettet A. Guichard H. Gulkanian J. Heuser M. Keil L. Kluberg J. Lozano C. Lourenço F. Manso A. Masoni P. Martins A. Neves H. Ohnishi C. Oppedisano P. Parracho P. Pillot G. Puddu E. Radermacher P. Ramalhete P. Rosinsky E. Scomparin J. Seixas S. Serci R. Shahoyan P. Sonderegger H.J. Specht R. Tieulent G. Usai R. Veenhof H.K. Wöhri 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2007,49(1):235-241
The NA60 experiment at the CERN SPS has studied low-mass muon pairs in 158 A GeV In–In collisions. A strong excess of pairs
is observed above the yield expected from neutral meson decays. The unprecedented sample size close to 400000 events and the
good mass resolution of about 2% made it possible to isolate the excess by subtraction of the decay sources. The shape of
the resulting mass spectrum shows some non-trivial centrality dependence, but is largely consistent with a dominant contribution
from π+π-→ϱ→μ+μ- annihilation. The associated ϱ spectral function exhibits considerable broadening, but essentially no shift in mass. The
pT-differential mass spectra show the excess to be much stronger at low pT than at high pT. The results are compared to theoretical model predictions; they tend to rule out models linking hadron masses directly to
the chiral condensate.
PACS 25.75.-q; 12.38.Mh; 13.85.Qk 相似文献
95.
Marty W. DeGroot Chhatra Khadka Harald Rösner John F. Corrigan 《Journal of Cluster Science》2006,17(1):97-110
The thermolysis of the zinc trimethylsilylchalcogenolate complexes (N,N′-tmeda)Zn(ESiMe3)2 (E = S, 1; E = Se, 2) and (3,5-Me2-C5H3N)2Zn(ESiMe3)2 (E = S, 3; E = Se, 4) has been investigated. Solid-state thermal decomposition of complexes 1–4 above 250°C results in the formation of hexagonal ZnS and cubic ZnSe, respectively, via the liberation of TMEDA (1–2) or 3,5-lutidine (3–4) and E(SiMe3)2. Solid-state or solution thermolysis of these complexes up to 200°C produces nanocrystalline ZnS and ZnSe materials whose surface is protected by either coordinated TMEDA or 3,5-lutidine ligands. The progress of the step-wise solid-state decomposition of these complexes was monitored by thermogravimetric and single differential thermal analysis and volatile decomposition products in both solution and solid-state experiments were identified by GC/MS.Dedicated to Professor Brian F. G. Johnson on the occasion of his retirement. 相似文献
96.
Olga Ordeig Craig E Banks Trevor J Davies F Javier del Campo Francesc Xavier Mu?oz Richard G Compton 《Analytical sciences》2006,22(5):679-683
Gold ultra-microelectrode arrays are used to explore the electrochemical oxidation of hydroxide ions and are shown to be analytical useful. Two types of ultra-microelectrode arrays are used; the first consist of 256 individual electrodes of 5 microm in radius, 170 of which are electrochemically active in a cubic arrangement which are separated from their nearest neighbour by a distance of 100 microm. The second array compromises 2597 electrodes of 2.5 microm in radius and of which 1550 of which are electrochemically active in a hexagonal arrangement separated by the nearest neighbour by 55 microm. Well defined voltammetric waves are found with peak currents proportional to the concentration of hydroxide ions in the range 50 microM to 1 mM. Detection limits of 20 microM using the 170 ultra-microelectrode and 10 microM with the 1550 ultra-microelectrode array are shown to be possible but with a higher sensitivity of 4 mA M(-1) observed using the 1550 ultra-microelectrode array compared to 1.2 mA M(-1) with the 170 ultra-microelectrode array. 相似文献
97.
M. Henriksson L. Sjöqvist V. Pasiskevicius F. Laurell 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2007,86(3):497-501
An optical parametric oscillator using a periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal and a volume Bragg grating output coupler is presented. Signal and idler wavelengths of 2008 and 2264 nm were generated
from the 1064 nm Nd:YVO4 pump laser. The Bragg grating was reflecting in a narrow band around 2008 nm, creating a purely singly resonant cavity. Signal
and idler linewidths of approximately 0.44 and 0.72 nm, respectively, were measured. This is a reduction of 80 and 60 times
compared to when using a mirror as output coupler. A total output energy of 156 μJ was measured with 47% slope efficiency.
PACS 42.65.Yj; 42.72.Ai; 42.40.Eq 相似文献
98.
The algebras of Kleinian type are finite-dimensional semisimple rational algebras A such that the group of units of an order in A is commensurable with a direct product of Kleinian groups. We classify the Schur algebras of Kleinian type and the group algebras of Kleinian type. As an application, we characterize the group rings RG, with R an order in a number field and G a finite group, such that the group of units of RG is virtually a direct product of free-by-free groups. 相似文献
99.
Bernhard Krötz 《Japanese Journal of Mathematics》2007,2(2):303-311
In this paper we raise a question about the boundary of the crown domain of a Riemannian symmetric space X. In case X is of Hermitian type we give an affirmative answer. 相似文献
100.
T. Geppert S.L. Schweizer U. Gösele R.B. Wehrspohn 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2006,84(3):237-242
We present a method to create at the same time trenches and ordered macropore arrays during photo-electrochemical etching of n-type silicon. This novel method allows in situ separation of single devices with a submicrometer precision. It also enables new device structures in macroporous silicon in the areas of photonics, sensing and electronics. The limits of this new process are simulated using electrostatic models and are verified experimentally. PACS 82.45.Yz; 81.16.-c 相似文献