Inconsistency-Adaptive Dialogical Logic

Even when inconsistencies are present in our premise set, we can sensibly distinguish between good and bad arguments relying on these premises. In making this distinction, the inconsistency-adaptive approach of Batens strikes a particularly nice balance between inconsistency-tolerance and inferential strength. In this paper, we use the machinery of Batens’ approach to extend the paraconsistent approach to dialogical logic as developed by Rahman and Carnielli. In bringing these frameworks closer together, we obtain a dynamic mechanism for the systematic study of dialogues in which two parties exchange arguments over a central claim, in the possible presence of inconsistencies.     

Spontaneous Reduction of a Hydroborane To Generate a B−B Single Bond by the Use of a Lewis Pair

The ansa‐aminohydroborane 1‐NMe₂‐2‐(BH₂)C₆H₄ crystallizes in an unprecedented type of dimer containing a B?H bond activated by one FLP moiety. Upon mild heating and without the use of any catalyst, this molecule liberates one equivalent of hydrogen to generate a diborane molecule. The synthesis and structural characterization of these new compounds, as well as the kinetic monitoring of the reaction and the DFT investigation of its mechanism, are reported.     

The scaling of the wall pressure fluctuations in polymer-modified turbulent boundary layer flow

Wall pressure fluctuations and integrated skin friction were measured beneath a turbulent boundary layer that was modified by adding drag-reducing polymer to the pure water flow. The measurements were performed on an axisymmetric model, equipped with an isolated cylindrical drag balance section, and placed in the test section of the 0.3048-m-diam water tunnel at ARL Penn State. Data were acquired at a free-stream velocity of 10.7 m/s with pure water and with polymer added to the water at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 weight parts per million. Nondimensionalization of the wall pressure fluctuation frequency spectra with traditional outer, inner, and mixed flow variables failed to adequately collapse the data. The mean square wall pressure fluctuations were found to scale linearly with the wall shear stress. Polymer addition had little effect on the characteristic time scale of the flow. These properties were used to develop a novel form of the nondimensional wall pressure fluctuation spectrum that provided the best collapse of the measured data.     

Photoionization of highly charged ions using an ECR ion source and undulator radiation

Photoionization of Xe4+ to Xe7+ ions was studied by combining an electron cyclotron resonance ion source with synchrotron radiation. Multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations were performed to interpret the data. Many autoionization lines were measured and identified, resulting from excitation of a 4d electron into nf and np orbitals followed by Auger decay of the excited states. Continuum photoionization is negligible for the higher members of the isonuclear series.     

Single-shot chirped-pulse spectral interferometry used to measure the femtosecond ionization dynamics of air

A novel interferometry technique is presented by which, in one shot, one can measure phase changes with a resolution of tens of femtoseconds while extending the measurement over picoseconds or even longer. The method is based on spectral (frequency-domain) interferometry with a pair of linearly chirped pules as probes. With this technique we obtained single-shot measurements of the rapid phase changes induced by optical field ionization of air. This allowed us to calculate the time profile of the electron density created by an intense short laser pulse.     

One-pot three-component synthesis of alpha-iminonitriles by IBX/TBAB-mediated oxidative Strecker reaction

The reaction of aldehydes, amines, and TMSCN in the presence of 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) afforded alpha-iminonitriles in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. The presence of TBAB is essential for this transformation. The methodology was applied to a two-step synthesis of indolizidine via a microwave-assisted intramolecular cycloaddition of alpha-iminonitrile.     

Rapid updating of optical arbitrary waveforms via time-domain multiplexing

We demonstrate high-fidelity optical arbitrary waveform generation with 5 GHz waveform switching via time-domain multiplexing. Compact, integrated waveform shapers based on silica arrayed-waveguide grating pairs with 10 GHz channel spacing are used to shape (line-by-line) two different waveforms from the output of a 10-mode x 10 GHz optical frequency comb generator. Characterization of the time multiplexer's complex transfer function (amplitude and phase) by frequency-resolved optical gating permits compensation of its impact on the switched waveforms and matching of the measured and target waveforms to better than G'=5%.     

Multi-level relief structures in sol-gel and photoresist fabricated by laser ablation and analyzed with coherence probe microscopy

The demand in the field of microtechnology to create multi-level structures with sufficient resolution has been growing in recent years, particularly in micro-optics. Using the well-known laser ablation technique, the behaviour of different hybrid organic/inorganic homemade sol-gel materials and of a standard commercial photoresist are investigated with a KrF laser emitting at 248 nm with nanosecond pulses. The aim consists of rapidly transferring relief patterns at low cost. The experimental set-up and procedure combined with the versatile profilometry technique of coherence probe microscopy (CPM) for rapid analysis are presented; the fabrication issues are discussed and compared with ablation of quartz and polymers. The materials calibration curves, which demonstrate the achievement of the present work, are presented.     

Development of a nanosecond oscillator–four pass amplifier XeCl laser system

This paper describes the development of a nanosecond oscillator–four pass amplifier XeCl laser system. A two times increase of the pulse peak power of the free running amplifier module has been experimentally demonstrated. The comparison with numerical results issued from a code describing the amplification of the oscillator beam in the active amplifier medium suggests further experimental improvements to optimize the energy extraction from the amplifier.     

XPS study of the O2/SF6 microwave plasma oxidation of (0 0 1) GaAs surfaces

O₂SF₆ plasma effects on processed GaAs surfaces have been investigated. The influence of plasma parameters such as composition, power and exposure time has been studied. The microwave plasma treatment efficiency has been studied by surface depth profiling (cycles consisting of XPS measurements followed by a slight etching) coupled with an original modelling calculation. We have pointed out that SF₆ addition in plasma increases the oxidative rule of oxygen by increasing the total oxide thickness and that the quantity of the different oxidative and passivating species does not limit the oxidative mechanism, in the O₂:SF₆ ratio range 80:20 to 40:60. The increase in the plasma power leads to a change in the composition of the outer region of the oxide layer with an increase in the gallium content on the surface, and to an increase in the total oxide layer. The exposure time to the plasma increases also these two phenomena.