On a class of nonzero-sum,linear-quadratic differential games

A class of two-player, nonzero-sum, linear-quadratic differential games is investigated for Nash equilibrium solutions when both players use closed-loop control and when one or both of the players are required to use open-loop control. For three formulations of the game, necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for a particular strategy set to be a Nash equilibrium strategy set. For a fourth formulation of the game, where both players use open-loop control, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a Nash equilibrium strategy set are developed. Several examples are presented in order to illustrate the differences between this class of differential games and its zero-sum analog.This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. GK-3341.     

Temperature dependent hyperfine distributions in Fe-B and Fe-Ni-Si-B glasses

Mössbauer spectra of amorphous Fe_xNi_{80- x} Si₁₀B₁₀ (x=10,50) and Fe₈₀B₂₀ have been taken at 4.2-300K and in 0-6T applied magnetic fields. Detailed analysis shows that the standard deviation of the magnetic hyperfine field σ(B) varies with temperature depending on the iron concentration. For small x the variation is taken as evidence for a break-down of long-range magnetic order. Temperature induced changes in the fluctuations and correlations of the hyperfine parameters are reported. In all cases the isomer shift fluctuations are small compared to those of the first-order electric quadrupole splitting (u); neither are strongly temperature dependent. The correlation <ΔBΔu> is negative and increases with temperature. For Fe₈₀B₂₀, <ΔBΔδ> is positive and increases with temperature, whereas for Fe-Ni-Si-B it is small, negative, and temperature invariant.     

Fine structure inversion of the 3d excited state of sodium

The observed inversion of the fine structure of the excited 3d state of the sodium atom explained as due to a second-order effect between the electrostatic dipole exchange interaction and the magnetic spin-orbit interaction acting on the core 2p electrons.     

Enhanced relaxation of nanoparticle-bound supercoiled DNA in X-ray radiation

A therapeutic methodology was developed based on the large X-ray absorption cross-section of gold nanoparticles at high photon energies (>81 keV). Experimental results showed that the amounts of the relaxed circular supercoiled DNA (scDNA) for gold nanoparticle-bound scDNA were more than doubled compared to that for free scDNA under otherwise identical radiation conditions.     

Facile catalytic growth of cyanoacrylate nanofibers

High aspect ratio (>500), neat poly(ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate) nanofibers were synthesized catalytically by vapour phase polymerization under high relative humidity and ambient conditions.     

基于惩罚与补贴的再制造闭环供应链网络均衡模型

为研究我国废旧电子产品(WEEE)立法的问题,分析了供应商、制造商、零售商、需求市场及回收商的行为,分别建立了变分不等式模型,并在此基础上建立了五级再制造闭环供应链网络均衡模型。模型考虑了政府对于制造商的惩罚政策与对于回收商的补贴政策。通过修正投影算法求解算例,仿真分析了旧材料转化率、回收率、惩罚及补贴政策对闭环供应链网络均衡结果的影响。结果表明,随着政府对于回收商的补贴的增加,不但回收商的回收量提高,闭环供应链的新材料需求量、旧材料需求量、销售量均增加;相反,随着政府对于制造商未完成的回收量的罚款增加,回收量、新材料需求量、旧材料需求量、销售量均降低;追求高回收率的政策并不总是有效的;而提高WEEE的旧材料转化率对于闭环供应链有利。     

5,9-Diaminodibenzo[a,j]phenoxazinium Chloride: A Rediscovered Efficient Long Wavelength Fluorescent Dye

We have evaluated the chemical, photophysical and photostability properties of 5,9-diaminodibenzo[a,j]phenoxazinium chloride, 3, and its bis-5,9-ethylamino analogue, 4, with the goal of determining if they have characteristics that are compatible with the requirements of a useful fluorescent probe. In order to gauge the potential utility of these fluorophores in biological and non-biological applications, these data were compared to those obtained for Oxazine 118, 1, and Cresyl Violet, 2, two well known fluorescent dyes that differ in molecular structure from the title dye 3 by having two or one fewer benzo moieties fused to a generic oxazine ring structure, respectively. The findings of this investigation show that 3, as well as bis-ethylamino analogue, 4, have fluorescent lifetimes, quantum yields and photostabilities that compare favorably with the lower order benchmark fluorophores 1 and 2. Moreover, both dibenzo dyes have the highly desirable properties of absorbing and emitting further in the red and far red /near infrared spectral region, respectively, than do their less conjugated analogues. Taken together, these results suggest that 3 constitutes an archetype upon which a new class of long wavelength fluororescent reporters might be based.