两种新型双极有机小分子发光材料的合成与发光

设计和合成了两种新的具有“双极(bipolar)”性质和发光性能的有机小分子化合物N-[4-(5-(2-苯基喹啉-4)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2)苯基]-N'-苯基-N,N'-二苯基-1,1'-联苯基-4,4'-二胺(TPDOPQ)和N,N'-双{4-[5-(2-苯基喹啉-4-基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯基}-N,N'-二苯基-1,1'-联苯基-4,4'-二胺[TPD(OPQ)₂]. 用¹H NMR, MS和元素分析进行了表征, 研究了化合物的热稳定性和光致发光性质, 并用循环伏安法测定了其电化学性能. 结果表明, 这两种合成的有机化合物同时具备空穴传导和电子输入双重功能, 光致发光性能优良, 热稳定性好, 能形成均衡薄膜, 因此可作为制作有机电致发光器件的候选材料.     

A comparative study of physical and chemical processes for removal of biomass in biofilters

After 6 months of operation a long-term biofilter was stopped for two weeks and then it was started up again for a second experimental period of almost 1.3 years, with high toluene loads and submitted to several physical and chemical treatments in order to remove excess biomass that could affect the reactor's performance due to clogging, whose main effect is a high pressure drop. Elimination capacity and removal efficiency were determined after each treatment. The methods applied were: filling with water and draining, backwashing, and air sparging. Different flows and temperatures (20, 30, 45 and 60 °C) were applied, either with distilled water or with different chemicals in aqueous solutions. Treatments with chemicals caused a decrease of the biofilter performance, requiring periods of 1 to 2 weeks to recover previous values. The results indicate that air sparging with pure distilled water as well as with solutions of NaOH (0.01% w/v) and NaOCl (0.01% w/v) were the treatments that removed more biomass, working either at 20, 30 or 45 °C and at relatively low flow rates (below 320 L h(-1)), but with a high biodegradation inhibition after the treatments. Dry biomass (g VS) content was determined at three different heights of the biofilter in order to carry out each experiment under the same conditions. The same amount of dry biomass when applying a treatment was established so it could be considered that the biofilm conditions were identical. Wet biomass was used as a control of the biofilter's water content during treatments. Several batch assays were performed to support and quantify the observed inhibitory effects of the different chemicals and temperatures applied.     

VORTEX-INDUCED VIBRATIONS OF TWO SIDE-BY-SIDE EULER-BERNOULLI BEAMS

Vortex-induced vibration of two side-by-side elastic beams in a cross flow is numerically studied. The two beams are identical and fixed at both ends. In the numerical approach, the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is used to model the beam vibration, and the laminar Navier-Stokes equations are solved to give the flow field. The flow equations are resolved using a finite element method and the flow-induced forces are calculated at every time step in order to correctly reflect the fluid-beam interaction. The beam response is calculated using the modal analysis method. Free vibrations of the two beams with three pitch ratios, T/D=1·13, 1·7 and 3·0, where T is the gap between the centers of the two beams and D is the beam diameter, are simulated at Re=800. Results obtained are compared with experimental measurements and other numerical results obtained assuming a two-degree-of-freedom (2-d.o.f.) model. The agreement is good in general. Correlation analysis is carried out, showing that the phase relation is different for differentT /D. The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method is used to carry out the spectral analysis, along with the conventional auto-regressive moving averaging (ARMA) method for comparison. The STFT analysis shows that the time evolution of fluid force and beam vibration for T/D=1·13 and 3·0 are stationary. For theseT /D ratios, the STFT results are consistent with the ARMA results, but give a clearer picture of the higher order harmonics. For T/D=1·7, the time evolution is non-stationary. The STFT analysis shows that there are three types of frequency spectrum for the fluid force, with one, two, and three dominant frequencies respectively. The spectra intermittently change in a random way during the evolution. The ARMA results, though consistent with previous experiments, can only reveal a particular feature of the three different types of spectrum. This suggests that the STFT method is more appropriate to analyze the spectra of non-stationary time series in the study of flow-induced vibrations.     

新型双极有机小分子化合物及其Al3+配合物的合成与发光

合成了一种新的具有“双极”(bipolar)性质的有机小分子蓝色发光材料2-(5-(4-(二苯胺基)苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-)苯酚［2(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenol, HPOT］, 并以HPOT为配体, 与铝离子配位, 合成了三(2-(5-(4-(二苯胺基)苯基) 1,3,4-噁二唑-2-)苯酚)合铝［tri(2-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenonate)aluminum, AlPOT］配合物. 用 1 H NMR、 HRMS和元素分析进行了表征, 并测定了两种化合物的光致发光性质和热稳定性. 结果表明: 两种新化合物的热稳定性好, 光致发光性能优良, 是制作有机电致发光器件的候选材料.