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Lagrangian and Eulerian modelling approaches are compared for simulating turbulent dispersion and coalescence of droplets within a spray. Both models predict similar droplet dispersion rates and shifts in droplet size distribution due to coalescence within the spray, over a wide range of droplet and gas flows, and for sprays with different droplet-size distributions at the nozzle exit. The computer time required for simulating coalescence within a steady axisymmetric spray is of a similar order of magnitude regardless of which formulation, Eulerian or Lagrangian, is adopted. However, the Lagrangian formulation is more practical in terms of the range of applicability and ease of implementation. 相似文献
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N C Proudlove S Black A Fletcher 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2007,58(2):145-158
This paper considers efforts to improve in-patient flows, a particularly urgent issue in the National Health Service (NHS). The context is described and related to reasons why OR has been making relatively little contribution. The paper argues that large complex models may often be unnecessary and even get in the way of providing clear insight and guidance for problem owners. The importance of understanding the generic working of systems to lead to improvement, and the limitations of simply describing them, is stressed. It is demonstrated that some very simple models can be of significant practical value in understanding and managing complex systems, changing mindsets and driving collection and use of operationally valuable data. Recommendations for more effective engagement with the NHS are offered. 相似文献
5.
S. A. J. Wiegers B. Tieke U. Zeitler R. Fletcher A. K. Geim J. C. Maan M. Henini 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1996,46(5):2461-2462
We have investigated the interaction of phonons with a 2DEG in the FQH regime with phonon drag thermoelectric power (TEP). We find that the TEP at filling factors with the same even denominator is identical and at other even denominator filling factors they differ only by a constant. Assuming these states to be Composite Fermions (CF), we can explain our observations by extending a zero magnetic field theory for phonon drag to the CF-phonon interaction. This analysis is further corroborated by the observed T4 dependence of the CF TEP. 相似文献
6.
Emulsions of perfluorotributylamine (FTBA) and perflubron were evaluated for their utility in 19F echo planar imaging. Fluorine images of the emulsions were obtained in a phantom and two mice that had been predosed. Both agents, but particularly perflubron, show potential for fluorine echo planar studies because of the long spin-spin relaxation times of the CF3 resonances. High resolution thin slice images obtained in as little as 26.6 ms are presented. 相似文献
7.
P. Boccaccio L. Vannucci R.A. Ricci G. Vannini R. Dona I. Massa J.P. Coffin P. Fintz G. Guillaume F. Jundt F. Rami P. Wagner 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1998,1(4):399-406
We studied the sequential binary decay of the systems 32S+45Sc, 76Ge, 89Y, 59Co, 63Cu and 19F+63Cu induced by collisions at ≃6 MeV·A. The two stages of the process have reaction-times compatible with the dynamics of different mechanisms. The study of the
excitation energy partition shows that the reaction mechanism of the first step has influence on the de-excitation of the
primary fragments producing two decay components which have different time scale.
Received: 25 March 1997 / Revised version: 2 December 1997 相似文献
8.
Patterson JR Barker A Briere RA Gibbons LK Makoff G Papadimitriou V Somalwar S Wah YW Winstein B Winston R Woods M Yamamoto H Swallow E Bock GJ Coleman R Enagonio J Hsiung YB Stanfield K Stefanski R Yamanaka T Blair G Gollin GD Karlsson M Okamitsu JK Tschirhart R Brisson JC Debu P Peyaud B Turlay R Vallage B 《Physical review letters》1990,64(13):1491-1494
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Ammar R Ball RC Banerjee S Bhat PC Bosetti P Bromberg C Canough GE Coffin T Dershem TO Dixon RL Fenker HC Ganguli SN Gensch U Girtler P Goshaw AT Grard F Gurtu A Hamilton C Henri VP Hernandez JJ Hrubec J Iori M Jones LW Kuhn D Knauss D Leedom ID Legros P Lemonne J Leutz H Liu X Malhotra PK Marraffino JM Mendez GE Miller R Naumann T Nguyen A Nowak H Pilette P Poirier J Poppleton A Raghavan R Rasner K Reucroft S Robertson WJ Roe BP Roth A Senko M Struczinski W Subramanian A Touboul MC Vonck B 《Physical review letters》1988,61(19):2185-2188
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