Parameter dependence in dynamical models for statevector reduction

We apply the distinction between parameter independence and outcome independence to the linear and nonlinear models of a recent nonrelativistic theory of continuous statevector reduction. We show that in the nonlinear model there is a set of realizations of the stochastic process that drives the statevector reduction for which parameter independence is violated for parallel spin components in the EPR-Bohm setup. Such a set has an appreciable probability of occurrence ( 1/2). On the other hand, the linear model exhibits only extremely small parameter dependence effects. The final section discusses the difficulties of finding a relativistic generalization of a parameter-dependent nonrelativistic theory. We identify this difficulty precisely and show how the weak parameter dependence of the linear model avoids it, provided one uses an appropriate criterion for the existence of definite outcomes.     

Intercomparison of slip flow velocity measurements of filled polymers by capillary extrusion rheometry

Slip flow can complicate both the measurement of the shear flow behaviour of polymers and the modelling of moulding processes. However, the understanding of the reliability of methods for measuring slip flow behaviour is limited. The results of an intercomparison on the measurement of slip flow behaviour by capillary extrusion rheometry of two polymer melts—a filled high-density polyethylene and a filled ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer—are reported. Slip velocities were calculated, following the Mooney method, from the dependence of the shear stress–shear rate behaviour on the extrusion die diameter. Both compounds exhibited wall slip: in one case the slip velocity accounted for ≈80% of the total flow rate. Slip velocity results were typically within ≈±20% of the average values for the materials, although scatter up to ≈±40% was obtained for one material at high shear stresses. An analysis of slip velocity measurements indicated that uncertainties of 40–50% are typical (95% confidence level) although significantly higher uncertainties could result if testing conditions (primarily die diameters) are not optimised.     

Second-order optical nonlinearity in thermally poled Pyrex borosilicate glass

The thermal poling method was utilized to create second-order optical nonlinearity in Pyrex borosilicate glass. The distribution and amplitude of the induced nonlinearity were characterized with second harmonic microscopy. The induced optical nonlinearity was found in a thin layer around 1.9 μm under the anode surface with a magnitude as high as 0.24 pm/V, comparable to that observed in fused silica samples. SEM observation of the cross-section of the poled glass region, after it had been etched in diluted hydrofluoric acid for several minutes, revealed an etched trench, ∼1.8 μm under the anode edge and ∼0.3 μm in width; while in post-annealed samples, no such etched trench could be observed. The effect of poling voltage on the magnitude of the induced nonlinearity was also studied, where the results showed that higher poling voltage resulted in higher nonlinearity with a threshold of ∼0.9 kV.     

Thermodynamic Analysis of Etoricoxib in Amphiprotic and Amphiprotic: Aprotic Solvent Mixtures at Several Temperatures

Journal of Solution Chemistry - The solubilities of etoricoxib (ETX), a COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were determined in water–ethanol and ethanol–ethyl acetate...     

FK-multiplier spaces

In 1992 Grosse-Erdmann posed the problem of characterizing
those FK-spaces containing the finitely nonzero sequences whose -duals are themselves FK. Here we consider the more general problem of characterizing FK-spaces containing the finitely nonzero sequences with the property that the multipliers into a BK-sum space admit an FK-topology.