Concise design and synthesis of pyridine-fused heterocycles via 6π-Azaelectrocyclization process of iminoalkyne derivatives

A concise and regioselective approach to the synthesis of pyridine-fused heterocycles and benzoxazepine derivatives was developed. Propargyl imines derived from aromatic aldehydes and propargyl amine underwent 6π-electrocyclization reactions at high temperatures in high yields to form pyridine-fused heterocycles. Application of the same methodology to aromatic imines having a hydroxyl group in the ortho position resulted in the formation of (benz)oxazepine derivatives. The formation mechanism of the products was discussed.     

A steady state quantum classifier

We report that under some specific conditions a single qubit model weakly interacting with information environments can be referred to as a quantum classifier. We exploit the additivity and the divisibility properties of the completely positive (CP) quantum dynamical maps in order to obtain an open quantum classifier. The steady state response of the system with respect to the input parameters was numerically investigated and it's found that the response of the open quantum dynamics at steady state acts non-linearly with respect to the input data parameters. We also demonstrate the linear separation of the quantum data instances that reflects the success of the functionality of the proposed model both for ideal and experimental conditions. Superconducting circuits were pointed out as the physical model to implement the theoretical model with possible imperfections.     

Preparation,characterization, and antibacterial activity of organo-sepiolite/chitosan/silver bionanocomposites

Bionanocomposites with different loadings of silver (Ag) were prepared via synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the wet chemical reduction method in the lamellar space layer of the organo-sepiolite/chitosan (O-SEP/CS). The prepared O-SEP/CS/Ag bionanocomposites were characterized using various analysis methods for their structure, morphology, and optical properties. The characteristic absorption bands from the UV–visible absorption spectrum confirmed the formation of AgNPs. The antibacterial activities of O-SEP/CS/Ag bionanocomposites were investigated against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using the disc diffusion method. The results suggest that O-SEP/CS/Ag bionanocomposites can be useful in wide range of bio-medical applications because of high antibacterial activity.     

Cu(I)-catalyzed alkyne–azide ‘click’ cycloaddition (CuAAC): a clean,efficient, and mild synthesis of new 1,4-disubstituted 1H-1,2,3-triazole-linked 2-amino-4,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyran-3-carbonitrile–crystal structure

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Cu(I)-catalyzed alkyne–azide ‘click’ cycloaddition (CuAAC) is an important ‘‘click chemistry’’ reaction that is widely...     

Laser pulse optimization for practical laser drilling

Laser drilling is a common commercially developed technique for material processing. From the application viewpoint, it is the end product for a laser system, for instance a drilled hole, that matters. Laser pulse profile is the most important parameter controlling the laser hole drilling process. An efficient and practical method is therefore needed to develop a relationship between the pulse parameters and the depth of hole produced in a known material. In the present study, dimensionless groups are developed to optimize laser pulse parameters to give information on workpiece materials. Consequently, an optimal laser pulse for drilling an aluminum workpiece is predicted.     

Hereditary and Formally Smooth Coalgebras

We define formally smooth coalgebras and we study their relation with hereditary coalgebras. The main result of the paper establishes that a coalgebra with separable coradical is hereditary if and only if it is formally smooth if and only if it is the cotensor coalgebra , where C₀ is the coradical of C and N is a certain (C₀,C₀)–bicomodule. Presented by A. Verschoren Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) primary: 16W30; secondary: 18G20. D. Ştefan: This author thanks the members of the Algebra Department of the University of Granada for their warm hospitality. He is especially grateful to Pascual Jara for the kind invitation to visit University of Granada. This research was partially supported by CERES, Contract 4-147.     

Nuclear level densities below 40 MeV excitation energy in the mass regionA ≃ 50

Consistent pre-equilibrium emission and statistical model calculations of fast neutron induced reaction cross sections are used to validate nuclear level densities for excitation energies up to 40 MeV in the mass regionA ?50. A “composed” level density approach has been employed by using the back-shifted Fermi gas model for excitation energies lower than 12 MeV and a realistic analytical formula for higher excitations. In the transition region from the BSFG model range to that of full applicability of the realistic formula, an interpolation between the predictions of the two models is adopted. The interpolation rule, suggested by microscopic level density calculations, has been validated through the comparison of the calculated and experimental cross sections.     

2S autoionizing states of lithium

The energy positions and the wavefunctions of ²S autoionizing states of the neutral lithium atom have been calculated using the derivative method with a Hylleraas-type basis set. Computed energies are in good agreement with experiment and with other theoretical results.     

The crystal and molecular structure of (−)—Crinine (C16H17NO3)

(–)—Crinine, C₁₆H₁₇NO₃, is an alkaloid extracted from the bulbs of Pancratium maritimum L. (Amaryllidaceae). The compound crystallizes in the space group P2₁2₁2₁ with cell dimensions a = 6.040(1), b = 12.382(1), c = 17.861(2) Å, with Z = 4. The molecule has five rings and an OH group. The N-containing, five-membered ring and the D ring have envelope conformations. The A and B rings have distorted chair and half-chair conformations, respectively.     

Irreducible representations of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras

Some results concerning the operatorially irreducible, topologically irreducible, operatorially and topologically irreducible representations of a class of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras by bounded operators in a complex Banach space are obtained.