样品磁透镜对绝缘样品XPS分析的影响

用XPS分析绝缘样品时, 启用样品磁透镜有可能引起谱峰位移和峰形畸变,其原因是磁透镜的磁场与双阳极铝窗发出的低能电子发生了相互作用,并使后者偏转,从而影响了到达样品表面起中和作用的低能电子的数量和分布.实验显示, 用与不用磁透镜所造成的谱峰差异, 有可能被用来研究绝缘样品的光导现象.     

互通多孔碳/二氧化锰纳米复合材料的原位水热合成及电化学性能

以互通多孔碳（IPC）为载体，水热条件下在碳表面原位反应生成纳米结构的二氧化锰（MnO₂），制备互通多孔碳/二氧化锰纳米（IPC/MnO₂）复合电极材料. 采用扫描电镜（SEM），透射电镜（TEM），X射线衍射（XRD），热重分析（TGA）对其结构进行表征；采用循环伏安法、恒流充放电和交流阻抗对其电化学性能进行研究. 结果表明：生成的MnO₂均匀地负载在碳的表面，形成多层次结构，并且随着温度的升高IPC表面负载的MnO₂由纳米颗粒变为纳米片状结构；MnO₂纳米片具有典型的K-Birnessite 型晶体结构；复合物中MnO₂的含量约为34%（w）. 在100 ℃制备的IPC/MnO₂复合材料在三电极系统中最高比电容达到了411 F·g^-1；随着反应温度的升高,比容量先增长后基本保持不变. 以IPC/MnO₂为正极，活性炭（AC）为负极，1 mol·L^-1 Na₂SO₄溶液为电解液组装成IPC/MnO₂//AC 混合超级电容器，发现IPC/MnO₂电极的电容器其电位窗口从1 V扩展到1.8 V，容量可达86F·g^-1，且表现出良好的电容特性和大电流放电性能.     

Correlations between gas permeation and free-volume hole properties of polyurethane membranes

A series of polyurethane films based on hard segments consisting of toluene diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol and different soft segments consisting of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene, hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene/styrene and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile were synthesized by solution polymerization separately. Positron annihilation lifetimes were measured at room temperature for all samples studied. We found that both the free volume size and fractional free-volume decreased with the increase of hard segment content. On the other hand, direct relationship between the gas permeability and the free-volume has been established based on the free-volume parameters and gas diffusivity measured. Experimental results revealed that the free-volume plays an important role in determining the gas permeability.     

An Efficient Method for the Enamination of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)

An efficient method for the enamination of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds by employing ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the catalyst has been described. A variety of β‐amino‐α,β‐unsaturated ketones and esters have been synthesized in excellent yield within a short reaction time under solvent‐free conditions.     

Toward Total Synthesis of Yohimbine and Reserpine Alkaloids;Part 1.An Improved Synthesis of cis-5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4,5,8,9,10-hexahydronaphthalene-1,8-lactone via Selective Reduction of the Conjugated Ketone with Zn(BH_4)_2

cis-5, 8-Dihydroxy-1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10-hexahydronaphthalene-1, 8-lactone 7 is the key intermediate to build E ring 2 possessing five chiral centers in total synthesis of (-)-reserpine 11, 2. In 1958, Woodward firstly reported an artful route to the synthesis of (-)-reserpine from the acid 4. One major drawback of this promising approach is the low yield obtained in the synthesis of the required lactone 7. Herein, we described an efficient and improved method for the synthesis of 7 as shown …     

Preparation of the Solid Electrolytes Li4+xAlxSi1‐xO4‐yLi3PO4 and Their Ionic Conductivity

The ion conductors Li_4+xAl_xSi_1‐xO₄‐yLi₃PO₄ (x = 0 to 0.5, y = 0 to 0.6) were prepared by the Sol‐Gel method. The powder and sintered samples were characterized by DTA‐TG, XRD, SEM, and AC impedance techniques. The conductivity and sinterability increased when y increased from 0 to 0.4 in the Li_4+xAl_xSi_1‐xO₄‐yLi₃PO₄. The particle size of the powder samples is about 0.13 μm. The maximum conductivity at 20 °C is 3.128 × 10^?5s cm^?1 for Li_4.4Al_0.4Si_0.6O₄‐0.4 Li₃PO₄.     

互通多孔碳/二氧化锰纳米复合材料的原位水热合成及电化学性能

以互通多孔碳（IPC）为载体，水热条件下在碳表面原位反应生成纳米结构的二氧化锰（MnO₂），制备互通多孔碳/二氧化锰纳米（IPC/MnO₂）复合电极材料. 采用扫描电镜（SEM），透射电镜（TEM），X射线衍射（XRD），热重分析（TGA）对其结构进行表征；采用循环伏安法、恒流充放电和交流阻抗对其电化学性能进行研究. 结果表明：生成的MnO₂均匀地负载在碳的表面，形成多层次结构，并且随着温度的升高IPC表面负载的MnO₂由纳米颗粒变为纳米片状结构；MnO₂纳米片具有典型的K-Birnessite 型晶体结构；复合物中MnO₂的含量约为34%（w）. 在100 ℃制备的IPC/MnO₂复合材料在三电极系统中最高比电容达到了411 F·g^-1；随着反应温度的升高,比容量先增长后基本保持不变. 以IPC/MnO₂为正极，活性炭（AC）为负极，1 mol·L^-1 Na₂SO₄溶液为电解液组装成IPC/MnO₂//AC 混合超级电容器，发现IPC/MnO₂电极的电容器其电位窗口从1 V扩展到1.8 V，容量可达86F·g^-1，且表现出良好的电容特性和大电流放电性能.     

La1-xSrxCu0.9Fe0.1O2．5-δ阴极材料的合成与电导率研究

采用低温燃烧合成技术制备了La1-xSrxCu0．9Fc0．1O2．5-δ（x=0．1-0．4）粉体。利用X-射线衍射（XRD）和差热分析（DTA）技术对粉体的性能进行了表征。XRD结果表明，经800℃焙烧的La0．9Sr0．1Cu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ粉体的对称性较低，未形成钙钛矿结构，其余La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ（x=0．2-0．4）粉体为四方钙钛矿结构，晶体结构参数之间满足关系式a=b≈2√2c。DTA结果证明La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ在800℃以下是热力学稳定的，不会发生分解反应。采用直流四电极法测试了La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ试样在100-800℃之间的电导率。试样的电导率^ln（σT）与1／T之间呈很好的线性关系，说明La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ在测试温度范围内服从小极化子导电机制。Sr掺杂量对试样的电导率和电导活化能有着明显的影响，当Sr掺杂量为0．3时，La1-xSrxCu0．9Fe0．1O2．5-δ的电导率最高，电导活化能最小。     

Study on Dyeing Performance of Cationic Water-soluble Sulphur Black on Silk

A novel polyquaternaryammonium cationic sulphur black dye was synthesized and its dyeing behavior on silk was studied. The dye exhibited excellent dyeing fixation of up to 98.2 %,as well as excellent dyeing fastness on silk.     

A DFT Study on Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond in Substituted Catechols and Their Radicals

Density functional theory(DFT)at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level was employed to calculate intramolecular hydrogen bond enthalpies (H1HB),O-H charge differencces,O-H bond lengths and bond orders for various substituted catechols and their radicals generated after H-abstraction.It was found that although the charge difference between hydrogen-bonded H and O played a role in determining H1HB,H1HB was mainly governed by the hydrogen bond length.As the oxygen-centedred radiocal has great tendency to form a chemical bond with the H atom,hydrogen bond lengths in catechloic radicals are systematically shorter than those in catechlos,hence,the H1HB for the former are higher than those for the latter.