含苯并咪唑和异噁唑结构席夫碱的合成及其抑菌活性

根据活性亚结构拼接原理,以取代苯甲醛、盐酸羟胺、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺和2-苯并咪唑基乙腈等为原料,经肟化、氯代、环化及缩合反应,合成了一系列新型的含苯并咪唑和异噁唑结构的席夫碱化合物(5a~5h),收率60%~75%,其结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR,IR和HR-MS表征。采用菌丝生长速率法测试了化合物对番茄灰霉菌和生菜菌核菌的抑菌活性。结果表明:在用药量为100μg·m ~(-1)时,苯环上含有氟原子或甲氧基的席夫碱(5c,5d和5e)对生菜菌核菌显示出较好的活性,抑制率为71.3%~76.1%。     

(S)-3-羟基四氢呋喃的合成研究进展

综述了(S)-3-羟基四氢呋喃制备方法的研究现状,重点阐述了三种合成方法：（1）手性底物合成法;（2）手性催化剂不对称合成法;（3）酶催化不对称合成法。分析了不同制备方法的优劣,并对其未来发展进行了展望。参考文献45篇。     

2-[5-(3-羟基苯甲酰氨基)-1,3,4-噻二唑]基乙酸乙酯的合成

以丙二酸二乙酯为起始原料,经选择性皂化、酸化、氯化、环合和酰胺化反应合成了2-[5-(3-羟基苯甲酰氨基)-1,3,4-噻二唑]基乙酸乙酯(1),总收率37.2%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和LC-MS(ESI)确证。采用正交实验法[L_9(3~4)]优化了酰胺化反应的条件。结果表明:在最优反应条件{n[2-(5-氨基-[1,3,4]-噻二唑)基乙酸乙酯]∶n(三乙胺)∶n(间羟基苯甲酰氯)=1∶2∶3,于20℃反应8 h}下,1收率75.5%。     

Cu(I)-catalyzed cascade reaction of N-tosylhydrazones with 3-butyn-1-ol: A new synthesis of tetrahydrofurans

The Cu(I)-catalyzed cascade coupling/cyclization reaction of N-tosylhydrazones with 3-butyn-1-ol has been explored. This new strategy represents a simple platform for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans in moderate to good yields.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">CrMAPK3</Emphasis> regulates the expression of iron-deficiency-responsive genes in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</Emphasis>

Background

Under iron-deficient conditions, Chlamydomonas exhibits high affinity for iron absorption. Nevertheless, the response, transmission, and regulation of downstream gene expression in algae cells have not to be investigated. Considering that the MAPK pathway is essential for abiotic stress responses, we determined whether this pathway is involved in iron deficiency signal transduction in Chlamydomonas.

Results

Arabidopsis MAPK gene sequences were used as entry data to search for homologous genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome database to investigate the functions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene family in C. reinhardtii under iron-free conditions. Results revealed 16 C. reinhardtii MAPK genes labeled CrMAPK2–CrMAPK17 with TXY conserved domains and low homology to MAPK in yeast, Arabidopsis, and humans. The expression levels of these genes were then analyzed through qRT-PCR and exposure to high salt (150 mM NaCl), low nitrogen, or iron-free conditions. The expression levels of these genes were also subjected to adverse stress conditions. The mRNA levels of CrMAPK2, CrMAPK3, CrMAPK4, CrMAPK5, CrMAPK6, CrMAPK8, CrMAPK9, and CrMAPK11 were remarkably upregulated under iron-deficient stress. The increase in CrMAPK3 expression was 43-fold greater than that in the control. An RNA interference vector was constructed and transformed into C. reinhardtii 2A38, an algal strain with an exogenous FOX1:ARS chimeric gene, to silence CrMAPK3. After this gene was silenced, the mRNA levels and ARS activities of FOX1:ARS chimeric gene and endogenous CrFOX1 were decreased. The mRNA levels of iron-responsive genes, such as CrNRAMP2, CrATX1, CrFTR1, and CrFEA1, were also remarkably reduced.

Conclusion

CrMAPK3 regulates the expression of iron-deficiency-responsive genes in C. reinhardtii.

     

Pd/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂催化氧化邻-二甲苯

利用纳米γ-Al_2O_3(10 nm)和普通γ-Al_2O_3(200-300 nm),采用浸渍法制备了1%(w)Pd/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂,考察了其催化氧化邻-二甲苯的性能以及催化剂的活性在氢气还原前后的区别。实验结果发现1%(w)Pd/γ-Al_2O_3(nano)在H_2还原后催化氧化邻-二甲苯的活性最高,T_(90)为150℃。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征手段,研究了1%(w)Pd/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂物性结构与催化性能之间的构效关系。结果表明,还原态Pd是H_2还原后催化剂催化氧化邻-二甲苯的活性物种;Pd的颗粒大小与催化剂活性有显著的关系,小粒径有利于催化剂活性提高;纳米γ-Al_2O_3载体与Pd之间的相互作用强,有利于Pd的粒径控制和分散,从而提高1%(w)Pd/γ-Al_2O_3(nano)催化剂的活性。     

微纳电极阵列检测丘脑底核电刺激引起的纹状体神经元活动变化

丘脑底核(STN)深部脑刺激(DBS)已成为帕金森病的重要外科治疗手段,然而其确切的作用机理尚不明确.本研究采用微机电系统(MEMS)技术制备了一种16通道植入式微电极阵列(MEA),在MEA表面修饰了铂黑-还原氧化石墨烯-Nafion膜(Pt/RGO/Nafion)纳米材料,用于同步检测麻醉大鼠脑内纹状体神经元在STN电刺激前后多巴胺(DA)含量和动作电位(Spike)发放变化.STN-DBS结果表明,电刺激20 s后,DA含量开始升高,最高达1.72 μmol/L,较高浓度状态保持约50 s后回落至正常水平.与此同时, 检测到在DA上升阶段中间神经元Spike发放活动增强,在保持高于DA正常浓度水平阶段,中等多棘神经元(MSNs)放电频率增加.本研究制备的微电极阵列传感器能够实现脑内多巴胺和电生理的原位实时检测,有望成为神经信息检测的有力工具.     

高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用法分析人参及人参皂苷与山楂配伍过程中的水解行为

利用高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用的方法,分别对人参配伍山楂前后人参皂苷的变化进行分析,同时对人参皂苷Re、Rg1、Rb1、Rd与山楂配伍的水解规律进行系统研究,并与单独煎煮液、仿山楂配伍pH值煎煮液的水解产物进行比较,结果发现人参与山楂配伍后人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1含量明显减少,而人参皂苷Re、Rd、Rg2、Rg3、F2、Rh1含量明显增加,其中人参皂苷Re与山楂配伍后水解产物为人参皂苷20(R)-Rg2、20(S)-Rg2,仿山楂配伍pH值水解产物为人参皂苷20(R)-Rg2、20(S)-Rg2、Rg4、Rg6;人参皂苷Rg1与山楂配伍后水解产物为20(S)-Rh1、20(R)-Rh1,仿山楂pH值水解产物为20(S)-Rh1、20(R)-Rh1、Rh4、Rk3;人参皂苷Rb1与山楂配伍后水解产物为Rd、20(S)-Rg3,仿山楂pH值水解产物为F2、20(S)-Rg3;人参皂苷Rd与山楂配伍后水解产物为F2、20(S)-Rg3、20(R)-Rg3,仿山楂pH值水解产物为20(S)-Rg3、20(R)-Rg3。研究表明,不同人参皂苷和山楂配伍后与仿山楂pH值的水解产物并不相同,人参与山楂配伍改变了人参皂苷成分的种类及含量。本研究为临床方剂中人参与山楂配伍后成分的变化提供物质基础数据。     

二氧化硅纳米均孔膜修饰电极检测化妆水中的抗氧化剂

制备了氧化铟锡(ITO)电极支撑的二氧化硅纳米均孔膜,保留胶束模板在纳米通道内,得到二氧化硅和胶束复合膜修饰的电极,并将其用于化妆品中丁基羟基苯甲醚和叔丁基对苯二酚的电化学检测。该均孔膜孔径2.3 nm,具有精确的尺寸筛分能力;胶束尾部的碳氢长链提供了疏水微环境,能够在水溶液中快速萃取和富集疏水有机分子。该电极对两种抗氧化剂的检测均获得了较好的灵敏度、线性范围和检测限,加标回收率分别为96.4%和104%,表明该电化学传感器具有一定的应用潜力。     

集成微管路离子选择电极功能块研究

本文对微型管状离子选择电极在流动条件下的电化学特征进行了研究,并设计了新的集成微管路离子选择以电极功能块。用此微型装置测定了土壤、血清、水和药物中的K~+、Na~+、pH、Cl~-、F~-、阿托品、东茛菪碱,并和各种标准方法作了比较,获得满意分析结果。