Kompaneets model for a thermal wave

The velocity of the leading edge of a thermal (heat) wave increases exponentially if the density of the gas in front of the leading edge of the wave falls in accordance with a similar law. When the wave propagates in a nonuniform atmosphere the shape of the leading edge may deviate from spherical and ultimately the thermal wave may “break through” the atmosphere.     

The PLM Plasma Device for Tests of Tungsten with Powerful Stationary Heat Plasma Loads

The PLM plasma device for plasma testing of refractory metals and materials of a fusion reactor (like the fusion neutron source and DEMO) within the framework of the domestic fusion program and the ITER project was constructed at the National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute in 2017. The device is a linear trap with a multicusp magnetic confinement of plasma. At the facility, tests of tungsten and experiments are being carried out aimed at creating a technology for producing a highly porous surface structure of refractory metals such as tungsten and molybdenum, including those with a fuzzy surface structure with the size of elements of the structure up to 50 nm.     

Mechanism of Electroreduction of Peroxodiphosphate Anions

The kinetic regularities of peroxodiphosphate anion reduction on dropping mercury and 40% thallium amalgam electrodes are studied. The reaction rate is found to increase with an increase in the supporting electrolyte and peroxodiphosphate anion concentrations, with the adsorption of inorganic cations on the electrode, and when the electrode exhibits a more negative zero-charge potential. The data obtained are analyzed within the Frumkin theory of slow discharge.     

Electronic properties of island thin films caused by surface scattering of electrons

We review theoretical and experimental works which substantiate that island metal films, contrary to bulk metals and similar to semiconductors and gas plasmas, are systems in which hot (nonequilibrium) electrons can be generated under stationary conditions. This is accomplished by passing a current or by laser irradiation of the islands films whose specific properties are caused by two major factors: (i) the electron-phonon interaction is strongly reduced in the islands with dimensions smaller that the electron mean free path in the bulk; (ii) considerable power can be fed into the islands without their destruction. The generation of the hot electrons results in electron and light emission from the island films.     

Conductivity of island metal films covered with organic molecules

Experimental data were obtained on the effect of adsorbed organic molecules (naphthalene, stearone, benzene, xylene, aluminum oxyquinoline and mixtures of some aliphatic compounds) on the conductivity of gold island films. Nanoisland structures were realized which exhibit non-linear conduction current–voltage characteristics and a sharp switching effect in the presence of adsorbed organics. The conditions for the occurrence of the voltage-controlled negative resistance in such nanocomposite systems are discussed. Some data are also given on electroluminescence of the nanocomposites. Two theoretical models are suggested to describe the conduction current–voltage characteristics of organic molecular structures under various conditions.     

Influence of magnetic viscosity on the development of instability of the boundary of a plasma blob in a uniform magnetic field

Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, No. 5, pp. 3–12, September–October, 1992.     

Light emission from Ag cluster films excited by conduction current

The light emission spectra obtained for a silver cluster film, excited by the passage of electrical current through it, were measured by the charge‐coupled device (CCD) combined with a monochromator in the spectral range 200 ≑ 1050 nm (6.2 ≑ 1.18 eV). This film is a two‐dimensional ensemble of Ag clusters linked by tunneling on a dielectric substrate. It was shown that the light emission spectra had a number of features, and the shape of spectrum depends on a voltage applied to the film. With increasing the voltage the spectrum starts to extend to high energies. The light emission in the visible spectral region was observed already at 1 V applied to the film, i.e., the photon energy can exceed the excitation energy. It means that this phenomenon is not trivial. In order to explain these results, an assumption about the electron gas heating in metal clusters may be used.