Synthesis of a New Doxazosin‐Related Compound

A simple procedure for the synthesis of 1‐[4‐(2,3‐dihydro‐1, 4‐benzodioxin‐2‐yl) amide‐6, 7‐dimethoxy‐2‐quazolinyl]‐4‐(1,4‐bensodioxan‐2‐yl‐carbonyl) piperazine is described.     

Solvent Extraction of Ag(I) and Cu(II) with New Macrocyclic Schiff Bases

Two new macrocyclic Schiff bases (II) and (III) containing nitrogen ‐ oxygen donor atoms were synthesized by reaction between diethylene triamine or 2,2′‐(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) and the intermediate compound: 1,4‐bis(6‐methoxy‐2‐formylphenyl)‐1,4‐dioxabutane (I). Identification of these macrocyclic Schiff bases: 1,12, 15,18, 29,32 ‐ hexaaza ‐ [3,4;8,9;20,21;26,27‐tetra‐(6′‐methoxyphenyl)]‐5,8,22,25‐tetraoxa cyclo tetratriacosine‐1,11,18,28‐tetraene. (II) 1,12,21,32‐tetraaza‐[3,4;9,10;23,24;29, 30‐tetra‐(6′‐methoxyphenyl)]‐5,8,15,18,25,28,35,38‐octaoxa cyclo ‐ tetracontane‐1,11,21,31‐tetraene. (III) were determined by elemental analysis (LC‐MS), (IR) and (¹H and ¹³C‐NMR) spectroscopy. The liquid‐liquid extraction of metal picrates such as Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ from aqueous phase to organic phase was carried out using these ligands. The effect of chloroform and dichloromethane as organic solvents over the metal picrate extractions were investigated at 25 ± 0.1 °C by using atomic absorption spectrometer.     

One-pot synthesis and luminescent spectra of 3-allyl substituted quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives as allyl capping agents

3-Nitro-N-(phenylsulphonyloxy)phthalimide (IIIa) and N-(phenylsulphonyloxy)phthalimide (IIIb) were synthesised as key intermediates in good yield. Their structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR spectral data. The reaction of the key intermediates with allylamine produced 3-allyl-5-nitroquinazoline-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione (IVa) and 3-allylquinazoline-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione (IVb), respectively. Luminescence emission and excitation spectra of IVa and IVb are also presented.     

Quadratic-mean pseudo almost periodic solutions to some stochastic differential equations in a Hilbert space

This paper introduces the concept of quadratic-mean pseudo almost periodicity and gives some fundamental properties. In particular, it establishes a composition theorem of this kind of functions. As an application, and by virtue of the theory of the semi-groups of the operators, the Banach fixed point theorem and the stochastic analysis techniques, this paper investigates the existence of the quadratic-mean pseudo almost periodic solutions for a general class of delayed stochastic evolution equations in a Hilbert space.     

Existence and global exponential stability of pseudo almost periodic solution for SICNNs with mixed delays

Shunting Inhibitory Artificial Neural Networks are biologically inspired networks in which the synaptic interactions are mediated via a nonlinear mechanism called shunting inhibition, which allows neurons to operate as adaptive nonlinear filters. This paper considers the problem of existence and exponential stability of the pseudo almost periodic solution for shunting inhibitory cellular neural networks with mixed delays. The Banach fixed point theorem and the variant of a certain integral inequality with explicit estimate are used to establish the results. The results of this paper are new and they complement previously known results.     

HPLC Determination of Chlorpropamide in Human Serum by Fluorogenic Derivatization Based on the Suzuki Coupling Reaction with Phenylboronic Acid

A fluorogenic derivatization method for the determination of chlorpropamide in human serum was developed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The Suzuki coupling reaction with a non-fluorescent reagent, phenylboronic acid (PBA), was employed to convert chlorpropamide into highly fluorescent biphenyl derivative. Chlorpropamide was extracted from human serum by liquid–liquid extraction with toluene after addition of hydrochloric acid, and subsequently reacted with PBA. Because the fluorogenic derivatization was highly selective for aryl halide, the proposed method allowed sensitive and selective detection of chlorpropamide with a detection limit (at a signal to noise ratio of 3) of 0.5 ng mL⁻¹. The sensitivity of our method was from 4 to 100 times better than HPLC–UV, gas chromatography, and LC-mass spectrometry.

     

HPLC Determination of Chlorpropamide in Human Serum by Fluorogenic Derivatization Based on the Suzuki Coupling Reaction with Phenylboronic Acid

A fluorogenic derivatization method for the determination of chlorpropamide in human serum was developed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The Suzuki coupling reaction with a non-fluorescent reagent, phenylboronic acid (PBA), was employed to convert chlorpropamide into highly fluorescent biphenyl derivative. Chlorpropamide was extracted from human serum by liquid–liquid extraction with toluene after addition of hydrochloric acid, and subsequently reacted with PBA. Because the fluorogenic derivatization was highly selective for aryl halide, the proposed method allowed sensitive and selective detection of chlorpropamide with a detection limit (at a signal to noise ratio of 3) of 0.5 ng mL^?1. The sensitivity of our method was from 4 to 100 times better than HPLC–UV, gas chromatography, and LC-mass spectrometry.     

Mechanical reinforcement and water repellency induced to cellulose sheets by a polymer treatment

The present study reports a simple method to control the mechanical and surface properties of cellulose fiber networks and to protect them from humidity, without altering their initial morphology. This is achieved by dip coating the fiber networks in solutions containing different amounts of ethyl cyanoacrylate monomer (ECA). Under ambient humidity and due to the presence of the -OH groups of the cellulose, the ECA polymerizes around each individual cellulosic fiber forming a thin poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) (PECA) shell. PECA was found to interact with the cellulose surface via hydrogen bonding as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis measurements. The detailed surface characterization reveals that only 3.5 wt% of ECA in solution is sufficient to form compact PECA cladding around every cellulose fiber. After the proposed treatment the cellulose sheets become hydrophobic, well protected from the environmental humidity and with increased Young’s modulus.     

Anti-Microbial,Anti-Oxidant,and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Traditionally-Used Medicinal Herbs: A Comparative Analyses of Pharmacology,and Phytoconstituents of Regional Halophytic Plants’ Diaspora

Halophytes are the category of plants growing under harsh conditions of super-salinity, and are wide-spread in the coastal Mediterranean climatic conditions and desert oasis. They are adept at surviving through maintaining excessive production of enzymatic, and non-enzymatic secondary metabolites, especially phenolics and flavonoids that primarily work as anti-oxidants and phytoalexins. Five major halophyte species growing in the kingdom’s Qassim’s high-salted desert regions were investigated for confirming their traditionally used biological activity of sugar-control and anti-infectious properties. In this context, the comparative presence of phenolics, and flavonoids together with anti-microbial, anti-oxidants, and the anti-diabetic potentials of the plants’ extracts were investigated through the α-amylase inhibition method. The highest concentrations of phenolics and flavonoids were detected in Salsola imbricata (360 mg/g of the extract as Gallic-Acid-Equivalents/GAE, and 70.5 mg/g of the extract as Rutin-Equivalents/RE). In contrast, the lowest concentrations of phenolics and flavonoids were detected in Salsola cyclophylla (126.6 mg/g GAE, and 20.5 mg/g RE). The halophytes were found rich in trace elements, a factor for water-retention in high-salinity plants, wherein iron and zinc elements were found comparatively in higher concentrations in Aeluropus lagopoides (4113 µg/kg, and 40.1 µg/kg, respectively), while the copper was detected in higher concentration (11.1 µg/kg) in S. imbricata, analyzed through Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometric (ICP-OES) analysis. The anti-oxidant potentials and α-amylase enzyme inhibition-based anti-diabetic activity of S. imbricata was significantly higher than the other halophytes under study, wherein S. cyclophylla exhibited the lowest level of α-amylase inhibition. The maximum DPPH radicals’ (52.47 mg/mL), and α-amylase inhibitions (IC₅₀ 22.98 µg/mL) were detected in A. lagopoides. The anti-microbial activity against the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus was strongly exhibited by Zygophyllum simplex (33 mm Inhibition Zone-Diameter, 50 µg/mL Minimum-Inhibitory-Concentration), while Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans growths were moderately inhibited by Tamarix aphylla. The current findings exhibited significant differences among the locally distributed halophytic plants species with regards to their bioactivity levels, anti-oxidant potentials, and the presence of trace elements. The ongoing data corroborated the plants’ traditional uses in infections and diabetic conditions. The enhanced local distribution of the plants’ diaspora and higher density of occurrence of these plants species in this region, in comparison to their normal climatic condition’s counterparts, seemed to be affected by humans’ use of the species as part of the traditional and alternative medicine over a period of long time.