Relationship Between the Polymer Structures and Destabilization of Polymer‐Containing Water‐in‐Oil Emulsions

The viscous properties, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and water/oil interfacial tension (IFT) of partially hydrolyzed polyacryamide (HPAM) and hydrophobically associating hydrolyzed polyacryamides modified with N‐dodecylacrylamide were studied with the objective of investigating the influence on destabilization of emulsions. As expected, the copolymers exhibit significant viscosity enhancing capacity and three‐dimensional network structures due to intermolecular hydrophobic associations, and also present high interfacial activities as the IFT decrease with increasing polymer concentration. As a result, the existences of copolymers increased both the viscosity of emulsions and the intensity of interfacial film, in which case slow down the diffusion of demulsifier molecules and enhance the stability of emulsions, finally, the separation of water from oil becomes more difficult.     

Esterification of Octanoic Acid with Octanol in Microemulsion and Emulsion System

The esterification of octanoic acid with octanol in microemulsion and emulsion system is studied. In the presence of 5–10% dodecylbenzene-sulfonic acid (DBSA), which is a surfactant-type catalyst, high conversion of esterification can be given both in microemulsion and in emulsion system. Compared with emulsion system, single-phase microemulsion is a more effective reaction system for esterification, with the advantages of comparatively little influence by the amount of water, no need of hard stirring, and stable state when laid long. The esterification of other fatty acids and alcohols in this reaction system were also accomplished in favorable conversion.     

在Mo-Bi-Ce/SiO2催化剂上甲醇氧化制甲醛的Redox机理及其动力学

用外循环无梯度反应器研究了甲醇氧化制甲醛的动力学。动力学实验结果用二步骤Redox模型描述。动力学方程中的参数用线性最小二乘法估计。甲醇的反应级数m和氧的反应级数n与温度有关, m与n的和接近于1, 反应级数的变化可用Redox机理动力学解释。不同处理催化剂的XPS分析结果证实, 反应按Redox机理进行。     

高频燃烧红外吸收法测定氧化钴粉中的硫高频燃烧红外吸收法测定氧化钴粉中的硫高频燃烧红外吸收法测定氧化钴粉中的硫

采用高频红外吸收法测定了氧化钴粉中硫的含量,并对样品作测定前的预处理（物理处理）,在测定上选用复合型助熔剂,解决了高频感应炉中因顶吹氧气流的作用而导致的样品喷溅问题。并将镍作为辅助助熔剂应用于碳硫测定。该方法可准确测定硫含量为 0.001％～0.1％ 的氧化钴粉中的硫,回收率为 95.6％～104.8%。RSD 为2.2％～4.9％。     

1—酰基—4—氯环己烷与取代芳烃的区域与立体选择性反应

从环己烯合成了１－酰基－４－氯环己烷，发现在其在ＡｌＣｌ３催化与苯，氯苯，溴苯等优先生成反式１－芳基－４－酰基环己烷，与联苯反应时选择性较差。     

新型交联烯丙基葡聚精离子交换剂的合成和性能

本文以N，N’－甲叉双丙烯酰胺交联的烯丙基葡萄聚糖凝胶（CADB）为基体，分别合成了其羧甲基和二乙基氨基乙基两种衍生物，作为分离生物大分子的离子交换剂。研究了合成中诸因素的影响，并对其性能进行了测试。产品的全交换量分别为2．5～3．5mmol／g（CMCADB）和1．2～2．0mmol／g（DEAE－CADB）。     

Chemical preparation and investigation of Fe-P-B ultrafine amorphous alloy particles

A series of Fe-P-B ultrafine amorphous alloy particles has been prepared by the chemical reduction method The composition and size of the particles have been effectively adjusted.Mossbauer spectroscopy in addition to sonic other techniques has been used to investigate the reaction process,the factors that influence the preparation,the crystallization of the particles,and the interactions between the components within them.The results indicate that the co-deposition of iron,phosphorus and boron atoms in the solution at room temperature forms Fe-P-B amorphous alloy particles,and a preferential bonding of Fe-P bond to Fe-B one exists in the particles.     

元素电负性和硬度的密度泛函理论研究

应用密度泛函理论的DFT LDA、DFT LDA/NL和改进的Slater过渡态方法,把元素的电离能和电子亲合能的计算扩展到周期表的103种元素.并用有限差分方法计算了这103种元素的电负性和硬度.计算中考虑了相对论效应.计算结果比以前Robles等用密度泛函理论的XGL和Xα近似的交换相关泛函的计算结果有所改进,更接近实验值.     

荧光分析法测定痕量铬(Ⅵ)

拟定了一个测定痕量铬（Ⅵ）的新的荧光分析法。在硫酸介质中,铬能氧化吡咯红Y。使其荧光猝灭,方法的检出限为2．2μg/L,线性范围为8．0－88μg/L。本法用于电镀废液、电镀液、合金钢中痕量Cr(Ⅵ）的测定,结果满意。     

An unmediated hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on hemoglobin incorporated in a montmorillonite membrane

Hemoglobin was incorporated in a montmorillonite membrane. Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies revealed that the electron transfer reactivity and peroxidase activity of the protein were both enhanced. Nevertheless, its structure was still maintained native-like in the membrane. An unmediated hydrogen peroxide biosensor was accordingly prepared. The calibration plot of this H202 sensor was linear in the range of 1.0 x 10(-6)-6.0 x 10(-4) mol L(-1). The relative standard deviation was 3.1% for six successive determinations at a concentration of 1.0 x 10(-4) mol L(-1). The detection limit was 6.0 x 10(-7) mol L(-1). Possible interferences in real sample analyses are discussed.