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111.
Alain Aguirre-Vzquez Luis A. Salazar-Olivo Xchitl Flores-Ponce Ana L. Arriaga-Guerrero Dariela Garza-Rodríguez María E. Camacho-Moll Ivn Velasco Fabiola Castorena-Torres Nidheesh Dadheech Mario Bermúdez de Len 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(7)
A generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC has established promising opportunities for stem cell research, drug discovery, and disease modeling. While this forced genetic expression represents an advantage, there will always be an issue with genomic instability and transient pluripotency genes reactivation that might preclude their clinical application. During the reprogramming process, a somatic cell must undergo several epigenetic modifications to induce groups of genes capable of reactivating the endogenous pluripotency core. Here, looking to increase the reprograming efficiency in somatic cells, we evaluated the effect of epigenetic molecules 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZ) and valproic acid (VPA) and two small molecules reported as reprogramming enhancers, CHIR99021 and A83-01, on the expression of pluripotency genes and the methylation profile of the OCT4 promoter in a human dermal fibroblasts cell strain. The addition of this cocktail to culture medium increased the expression of OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 expression by 2.1-fold, 8.5-fold, and 2-fold, respectively, with respect to controls; concomitantly, a reduction in methylated CpG sites in OCT4 promoter region was observed. The epigenetic cocktail also induced the expression of the metastasis-associated gene S100A4. However, the epigenetic cocktail did not induce the morphological changes characteristic of the reprogramming process. In summary, 5AZ, VPA, CHIR99021, and A83-01 induced the expression of OCT4 and SOX2, two critical genes for iPSC. Future studies will allow us to precise the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their reprogramming effects. 相似文献
112.
Rodolfo A. Dionisi Marcelo D. Failla Marcelo A. Villar Lidia M. Quinzani Enrique M. Valls 《Macromolecular Symposia》1998,129(1):127-136
The rheological properties of commercial propylene-ethylene copolymers were modified by reactive extrusion. A dialkyl peroxide was used as initiator of the controlled degradation reaction of the starting polymers. The experiments were carried out in a twin screw extruder at different peroxide concentrations, temperatures, and screw speeds. Gel permeation chromatography was used to estimate the molecular weight distribution of the original and modified copolymers. It has been observed that the estimated molecular weight of the copolymers tends to decrease with the increase in peroxide concentration at all extrusion conditions studied. The linear viscoelastic properties of all the polymers were evaluated at different temperatures and frequencies in a rotational rheometer. Both the viscous and the elastic properties decrease with augmenting peroxide concentration. The Theological behavior of the materials is strongly affected by the global ethylene content of the copolymers. The scanning electron microscopy study did not reveal a significant difference between the morphology of the unmodified and the modified blends for a given composition of the original copolymers. In all the cases the microstructure is composed of a finely dispersed phase of ethylene-propylene copolymer within a continuous polypropylene phase. 相似文献
113.
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115.
Dual Role of the 1,2,3‐Triazolium Ring as a Hydrogen‐Bond Donor and Anion–π Receptor in Anion‐Recognition Processes
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Dr. Fabiola Zapata Lidia Gonzalez Dr. Antonio Caballero Prof. Ibón Alkorta Prof. Jose Elguero Prof. Pedro Molina 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(27):9797-9808
Several bis(triazolium)‐based receptors have been synthesized as chemosensors for anion recognition. The central naphthalene core features two aryltriazolium side‐arms. NMR experiments revealed differences between the binding modes of the two triazolium rings: one triazolium ring acts as a hydrogen‐bond donor, the other as an anion–π receptor. Receptors 92+?2BF4 ? (C6H5), 112+?2BF4 ? (4‐NO2?C6H4), and 132+?2BF4? (ferrocenyl) bind HP2O73? anions in a mixed‐binding mode that features a combination of hydrogen‐bonding and anion–π interactions and results in strong binding. On the other hand, receptor 102+?2 BF4 ? (4‐CH3O?C6H4) only displays combined Csp2?H/anion–π interactions between the two arms of the receptors and the bound anion rather than triazolium (CH)+???anion hydrogen bonding. All receptors undergo a downfield shift of the triazolium protons, as well as the inner naphthalene protons, in the presence of H2PO4? anions. That suggests that only hydrogen‐bonding interactions exist between the binding site and the bound anion, and involve a combination of cationic (triazolium) and neutral (naphthalene) C?H donor interactions. Theoretical calculations relate the electronic structure of the substituent on the aromatic group with the interaction energies and provide a minimum‐energy conformation for all the complexes that explains their measured properties. 相似文献
116.
The analysis and design of the extended state observer (ESO) involves a continuous non-smooth structure, thus the study of the ESO dynamic requires mathematical tools of the nonlinear systems analysis. This paper establishes the sufficient conditions for absolute stability of the ESO. Based on this study, a methodology to estimate several nonlinear functions in dynamics systems is proposed. 相似文献
117.
Fabiola?PizzoEmail author Domenico?Gadaleta Anna?Lombardo Orazio?Nicolotti Emilio?Benfenati 《Chemistry Central journal》2015,9(1):62
Background
The potential for a compound to cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity is a matter of extreme interest for human health risk assessment. To assess liver and kidney toxicity, repeated-dose toxicity (RDT) studies are conducted mainly on rodents. However, these tests are expensive, time-consuming and require large numbers of animals. For early toxicity screening, in silico models can be applied, reducing the costs, time and animals used. Among in silico approaches, structure–activity relationship (SAR) methods, based on the identification of chemical substructures (structural alerts, SAs) related to a particular activity (toxicity), are widely employed.Results
We identified and evaluated some SAs related to liver and kidney toxicity, using RDT data on rats taken from the hazard evaluation support system (HESS) database. We considered only SAs that gave the best percentages of true positives (TP).Conclusions
It was not possible to assign an unambiguous mode of action for all the SAs, but a mechanistic explanation is provided for some of them. Such achievements may help in the early identification of liver and renal toxicity of substances.118.
Peter G. Jones Fabiola Vancea Regine Herbst‐Irmer 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(11):o665-o668
In the isomeric title compounds, viz. 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐(chloromethyl)pyridinium chloride, C6H7ClN+·Cl?, the secondary interactions have been established as follows. Classical N—H?Cl? hydrogen bonds are observed in the 2‐ and 3‐isomers, whereas the 4‐isomer forms inversion‐symmetric N—H(?Cl??)2H—N dimers involving three‐centre hydrogen bonds. Short Cl?Cl contacts are formed in both the 2‐isomer (C—Cl?Cl?, approximately linear at the central Cl) and the 4‐isomer (C—Cl?Cl—C, angles at Cl of ca 75°). Additionally, each compound displays contacts of the form C—H?Cl, mainly to the Cl? anion. The net effect is to create either a layer structure (3‐isomer) or a three‐dimensional packing with easily identifiable layer substructures (2‐ and 4‐isomers). 相似文献
119.
Diego Pérez‐Martínez José Diego Gonzaga‐Sánchez Fabiola De Bray‐Sánchez Geovanni Vázquez‐García José Escorcia‐García M. T. S. Nair P. K. Nair 《固体物理学:研究快报》2016,10(5):388-396
Thin films of antimony sulfide‐selenide solid solutions (Sb2Sx Se3–x) were prepared by chemical bath deposition and thermal evaporation to constitute solar cells of a transparent conductive oxide (FTO)/CdS/Sb2Sx Se3–x/C–Ag. The cell parameters vary depending on the sulfide‐selenide composition in the films. The best solar cell efficiency of 3.6% was obtained with a solid solution Sb2S1.5Se1.5 prepared by thermal evaporation of the precipitate for which the open circuit voltage is 0.52 V and short circuit current density, 15.7 mA/cm2under AM 1.5G (1000 W/m2) solar radiation. For all‐chemically deposited solar cells of Sb2S1.1Se1.9 absorber, these values are: 2.7%, 0.44 V, and 15.8 mA/cm2, and for Sb2S0.8Se2.2, they are: 2.5%, 0.38 V and 18 mA/cm2. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
120.
Poirier G Ottoboni FS Cassanjes FC Remonte A Messaddeq Y Ribeiro SJ 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(15):4481-4487
In this work, vitreous samples were prepared in the binary system (100 - x)NaPO3-xMO3 with M = Mo and W and x varying from 10 to 60. The transmittance properties in the UV, visible, and near-infrared were monitored as a function of MO3 concentration. In both cases, an increase in the amount of transition metal results in an intense and broad absorption band in the visible and near-infrared attributed to metal reduction under synthesis conditions. It was shown that this large absorption can be partially or totally removed using specific oxidizing agents or by improving synthesis parameters such as melting temperature or cooling rate of the melt. In addition, structural investigations by Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggest that reduction only occurs when the metal cation is in octahedral geometry and that the transmittance improvement is not related with any structural changes. These results were explained in terms of thermodynamic equilibrium of redox species in the melt and allowed to obtain for the first time transparent and chemically stable glasses containing high concentrations of MO3 with transition metals in octahedral geometry inside the glass network. 相似文献