Synthesis and characterization of novel thermoresponsive‐co‐biodegradable hydrogels composed of N‐isopropylacrylamide,poly(L‐lactic acid), and dextran

A series of novel multifunctional hydrogels that combined the merits of both thermoresponsive and biodegradable polymeric materials were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The hydrogels were copolymeric networks composed of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM) as a thermoresponsive component, poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) as a hydrolytically degradable and hydrophobic component, and dextran as an enzymatically degradable and hydrophilic component. The chemical structures of the hydrogels were characterized by an attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) technique. The hydrogels were thermoresponsive, showing a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at approximately 32 °C, and their swelling properties strongly depended on temperature changes, the balance of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic components, and the degradation of the PLLA component. The degradation of the hydrogels caused by hydrolytic cleavage of ester bonds in the PLLA component was faster at 25 °C below the LCST than at 37 °C above the LCST, determined by the ATR–FTIR technique. Due to their multifunctional properties, the designed hydrogels show great potential for biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5054–5066, 2004     

The best uniform convergence rate of linear empirical bayes estimators

In this paper the thought on the uniform convergence of an empirical Bayes estimator or linear empirical Bayes (l.e.B.) estimator is advanced. Under two different models the l.e.B. estimators of the parameter are constructed respectively. It is proved that the convergence rates and uniform convergence rates of these l.e.B. estimators are all one with respect to the corresponding prior families. It is shown that the uniform convergence rate one is the best, under mild assumptions imposed on the conditional density of the sample.     

日本菊花螺Siphonaria Japonia化学成分的研究(I)

近年来相继从菊花螺属(Siphonaria)海洋软体动物中分离出一系列聚丙酸酯(Polypropi-onate)类化合物.这类化合物在自然界罕见,被认为是菊花螺属软体动物的典型代谢产物.本文实验所用的菊花螺采自福建省湄洲湾莲城半岛.该动物味很苦,有清凉解毒之功.     

One convenient synthesis route to boron nitride nanotube

We describe one convenient synthesis route to boron nitride (BN) nanotube by the reaction of boron powder, iron oxide, and ammonium chloride at 600 °C for 12 h. Characterized by XRD, FTIR, XPS, TEM and SAED, the composition and morphology of the products are confirmed. The possible reaction mechanism is also discussed.     

高剂量率单次快脉冲辐射参量测量

记述了“强光一号”高剂量率脉冲辐射装置在状态调试过程中对其出射波形和辐射剂量进行监测的基本情况，实际监测的结果与设计方监测的结果进行了比对，双方的剂量监测值基本一致，偏差在20％以内；双方的波形形状十分相似，但测量得到的波形半宽度却相差10～20ns，最后对双方束流监测产生的差异进行了定性分析。     

Formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber blends: Effects of preparation method,composition, and thermal condition

The effects of preparation method, composition, and thermal condition on formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber (iPP/EPR) blends were studied using modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and phase contrast microscopy (PCM). It was found that the α‐iPP and β‐iPP can simultaneity form in the melt‐blended samples, whereas only α‐iPP exists in the solution‐blended samples. The results show that the formation of β‐iPP in the melt‐blended samples is related to the crystallization temperature and the β‐iPP generally diminishes and finally vanishes when the crystallization temperature moves far from 125 °C. The phenomena that the lower critical temperature of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR obviously increases to 114 °C and the upper critical temperature decreases to 134 °C indicate the narrowing of temperature interval, facilitating the formation of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR. Furthermore, it was found that the amount of β‐iPP in melt‐blended iPP/EPR samples is dependent on the composition and the maximum amount of β‐iPP formed when the composition of iPP/EPR blends is 85:15 in weight. The results through examining the effect of annealing for iPP/EPR samples at melt state indicate that this annealing may eliminate the susceptibility to β‐crystallization of iPP. However, only α‐iPP can be observed in solution‐blended samples subjected to annealing for different time. The PCM images demonstrate that an obvious phase‐separation happens in both melt‐blended and solution‐blended iPP/EPR samples, implying that compared with the disperse degree of EPR in iPP, the preparation method plays a dominant role in formation of β‐iPP. It is suggested that the origin of formation of β‐iPP results from the thermomechanical history of the EPR component in iPP/EPR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1704–1712, 2007     

水动力学问题的弱可压缩模型求解方法研究

从弱可压缩水动力学方程出发，采用坐标变换的方法处理自由表面，建立了能够模拟有自由表面流动问题的定常、非定常的三维水动力学模型和对流扩散模型，模型采用浮湍流模型进行封闭，并对模型求解的数值方法进行了研究。     

Generation of large fifth-order nonlinear phase shifts by use of lossless χ(2) cascaded nonlinear processes

It is shown that the cascaded fifth-order nonlinear phase shifts will increase with energy loss in the cascaded processes. Essentially different from the multi-photon absorption accompanied with inherent material nonlinearities, the loss of fundamental wave in a cascaded process is controllable and suppressible. By introducing difference frequencies generated from the reaction between the fundamental and its second harmonic after the cascaded processes, the fundamental wave can be free of energy loss, while the large cascaded fifth-order nonlinear phase shift is maintained.     

60keV质子辐照对TiNi记忆合金薄膜马氏体相变的影响

 利用磁控溅射的方法在氧化后的单晶Si基片上制备了TiNi形状记忆合金薄膜，利用示差扫描量热法和原位X射线衍射研究了薄膜的马氏体相变特征。通过60keV质子注入（辐照）薄膜样品研究了H+离子对合金薄膜马氏体相变特征的影响，结果表明氢离子注入后引起了马氏体相变开始Ms和结束点Mf以及逆马氏体相变开始As和结束温度Af的下降，而对R相变开始Rs和结束温度Rf影响不大。掠入射X射线衍射表明H+离子注入后有氢化物形成。H⁺离子注入形成的氢化物是引起相变点的变化的主要因素。     

新型菲涅尔线聚焦聚光太阳电池组件研究

以聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂为材料,采用热压成型工艺加工成型线聚焦菲涅尔聚光透镜(8×),可用于空间、地面光伏系统太阳电池组件的聚光系统,并对在其聚光条件下,太阳电池的电流电压特性进行测试,结果表明,该菲涅尔线聚焦棱镜能有效提高太阳电池的单位输出功率.模具的机械加工精度和光学抛光精度低,是造成其部分聚光率损失的原因.