A New Fractional Projective Riccati Equation Method for Solving Fractional Partial Differential Equations

In this paper, a new fractional projective Riccati equation method is proposed to establish exact solutions for fractional partial differential equations in the sense of modified Riemann—Liouville derivative. This method can be seen as the fractional version of the known projective Riccati equation method. For illustrating the validity of this method, we apply this method to solve the space—time fractional Whitham—Broer—Kaup (WBK) equations and the nonlinear fractional Sharma—Tasso—Olever (STO) equation, and as a result, some new exact solutions for them are obtained.     

光谱对煤粉发热量检测系统的研究

在现有近红外检测技术的基础上,设计了一种基于近红外的煤粉发热量检测系统。选取100个煤粉样品建立煤粉发热量的近红外模型,利用验证集的50个样本对模型的精度和稳定性进行了验证分析,结果表明:煤粉发热量的预测值与真实值的相关系数达到0.995 8,相对偏差小于2%。系统具有良好的预测精度和稳定性,能够满足对煤粉发热量的快速检测的需求,而且该系统体积小、结构简单、操作方便,具有很好的可移植性。     

前体离子扫描法在快速筛查中药及保健食品中非法添加的5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂及其未知衍生物中的应用

改造有明确疗效的药物,合成新的衍生物以避开法定检验方法是目前化学药物非法添加的趋势之一。本文提出将液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用仪的质谱前体离子扫描模式应用于中药及保健食品等复杂体系中非法添加药物衍生物的快速筛查策略,以5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂为实验对象,通过分析该类化合物的结构和质谱特点将其分类,筛选各类共有的子离子碎片,优化质谱参数,建立了前体离子扫描模式的LC-MS筛查方法,讨论了质谱参数和碎片离子的选择对筛选结果的影响,并应用于实际样品的测定。结果表明,该方法既可以满足已知化合物的测定需要,又可以对复杂体系中未知的同类衍生物进行快速筛查,防止未知衍生物的漏检。该方法灵敏、专属、高效,值得进一步研究。     

CdS纳米棒的水热法制备及形成机理研究

采用水热法以Na2S· 9H2O为硫源,Cd3O12S3·8H2O为镉源,PVP为表面活性剂,成功制备了CdS纳米棒.并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和相应选区电子衍射(SAED)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X射线能量色散分析谱仪(XEDS)和紫外可见(UV-vis)分光光度计等测试手段对样品的晶体结构、形貌、微观结构和光学特性等特征进行了表征分析,实验结果表明本方法所制备的CdS纳米棒为纤锌矿结构,沿[001]方向择优生长,平均直径大约为50 nm,棒宽均匀、分散性好,带隙为2.43 eV.同时也对CdS纳米棒的形成机理进行了初步探讨,提出了CdS纳米棒的生长模型,其形貌从三角形到阶梯形棒晶,最后再到完整的棒状晶体的一个定向团聚的自组装过程.     

Waveform digitizing for LaBr3/NaI phoswich detector

The detection efficiency of phoswich detector starts to decrease when Compton scattering becomes significant. Events with energy deposit in both scintillators, if not rejected, are not useful for spectral analysis as the full energy of the incident photon cannot be reconstructed with conventional readout. We show that once the system response is carefully calibrated, the full energy of those double deposit events can be reconstructed using a waveform digitizer as the readout. Our experiment suggests that the efficiency of a photopeak at 662 keV can be increased by a factor of 2 using our LaBr₃/NaI phoswich detector.     

多元醇法制备一维Ag纳米线

以硝酸银为前驱物,乙二醇为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂,在金晶种存在条件下成功制备出一维银纳米线.对所得样品进行了X射线衍射,场发射扫描电镜,透射电子显微镜以及EDS分析.结果表明,制备的银纳米线为面心立方结构,长度在2～8μm范围,直径约为75～150 nm,产率较高.不同反应时间以及不同PVP(单体)与银离子摩尔比值均对最终纳米形貌产生影响.反应所得银纳米线为五重孪晶结构,最后对纳米线的生长机制进行了详细讨论.     

DFT Study on Molecule C20H10:Five Carbon-carbon Single Bonds Linking Two Pentaprismane Cages

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, a great number of achievements have been achieved in the field of molecules with cage-like structures, such as fullerenes and poly- hedral hydrocarbons. Each of these molecules has only one cage, such as C60 and dodecahedrane. As is well known, every carbon atom can form four single bonds with other atoms. Since each carbon atom at the cage surface of the carbo-polyhedral molecule only forms three bonds with other carbon atoms, it may form the fourth singl…     

竹叶状多孔SnS薄膜的沉积

以硫代乙酰胺、三乙醇胺、氯化亚锡和氨水作反应物,氯化铵作缓冲剂,采用化学浴法在玻璃衬底上沉积SnS薄膜,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析手段对样品进行了表征.XRD分析结果表明样品为斜方晶体结构的多晶SnS薄膜.SEM观察结果显示薄膜表面呈竹叶状多孔形貌,此结构有利于增加太阳电池的光吸收.     

Error Thresholds in Single-Peak Gaussian Distributed Fitness Landscapes

Based on the Eigen and Crow-Kimura models with a single-peak fitness landscape, we propose the fitness values of all sequence types to be Gausslan distributed random variables to incorporate the effects of the fluctuations of the fitness landscapes （noise of environments） and investigate the concentration distribution and error threshold of quasispecies by performing an ensemble average within this theoretical framework. We find that a small fluctuation of the fitness landscape causes only a slight change in the concentration distribution and error threshold, which implies that the error threshold is stable against small perturbations. However, for a sizable fluctuation, quite different from the previous deterministic models, our statistical results show that the transition from quasi-species to error catastrophe is not so sharp, indicating that the error threshold is located within a certain range and has a shift toward a larger value. Our results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data and provide a new implication for antiviral strategies.     

Interferometric two-photon photoemission correlation technique and femtosecond wet-electron dynamics at the TiO (110) surface

The femtosecond time-resolved two-photon photoemission (TR-2PP) and the ultra high vacuum (UHV) surface science techniques are integrated to investigate the elec- tronic structures and the interfacial electron transfer dynamics at the atomically ordered adsorbate overlayers on TiO₂ single- crystalline surfaces. Our research into the CH₃OH/TiO₂ system exhibits complex dynamics, providing abundant informa- tion with regard to electron transport and solvation processes in the interfacial solvent structures. These represent the fundamentally physical, photochemical, and photocatalytic reactions of protic chemicals covered with metal-oxides.